Thermal conductivity

[edit] Introduction

Thermal conductivity (sometimes referred to as k-value or lambda value (λ)) is a measure of the rate at which temperature differences transmit through a material. The lower the thermal conductivity of a material, the slower the rate at which temperature differences transmit through it, and so the more effective it is as an insulator. Very broadly, the lower the thermal conductivity of a building's fabric, the less energy is required to maintain comfortable conditions inside.

Thermal conductivity is a fundamental material property independent of thickness. It is measured in watts per metre kelvin (W/mK).

The thermal resistance of the layers of a building's fabric (R, measured in m²K/W) can be calculated from the thickness of each layer divided by the thermal conductivity of that layer.

The U-value of an element of a building can be calculated from the sum of the thermal resistances (R-values) of the layers that make up the element plus its internal and external surface resistances (Ri and Ro).

U-value = 1 / (ΣR + Ri + Ro)

U-values (sometimes referred to as heat transfer coefficients or thermal transmittances) are used to measure how effective elements of a building's fabric are as insulators.

The standards for the measurement of thermal conductivity are BS EN 12664, BS EN 12667 and BS EN 12939. In the absence of values provided by product manufacturers following thermal conductivity tests, tabulated thermal conductivity data can be obtained from BS EN ISO 10456 Building materials and products - Hygrothermal properties - Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values, which superseded the earlier BS EN 12524.

[edit] Thermal conductivity of typical building materials

Thermal conductivity values of typical building materials are shown below.

[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings

• Conventions for calculating linear thermal transmittance and temperature factors.
• g-value.
• Heat transfer.
• Insulation.
• k-value.
• Limiting fabric parameters.
• R-value.
• Thermal admittance.
• Thermal mass.
• U-value.
• U-value conventions in practice: Worked examples using BR 443.

Comments

Thermal conductivity (often denoted k, λ, or κ) refers to the intrinsic ability of a material to transfer heat. It is evaluated primarily in terms of Fourier’s Law for heat conduction. https://thermtest.com/what-is-thermal-conductivity