Build, own, operate and transfer (BOOT)
A build, own, operate and transfer (BOOT) contract is a project delivery model that can be used for large projects developed through Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). The term 'Public Private Partnerships' refers to a very broad range of partnerships in which the public and private sectors collaborate for some mutual benefit.
Under a BOOT contract, a private organisation undertakes to complete a large project, such as a complex infrastructure project, which they are granted a concession to finance and build by a public sector partner, typically a government department. The public partner may provide limited funding or other benefits (such as tax exemptions) but the private organisation accepts most of the risks.
The private organisation is then granted the right to own, maintain and operate the project for a set period of time, during which they can draw fees from users of the asset. Once the time period has elapsed, the control of the project transfers to the public sector partner, either freely or for a fee that is stipulated in the original contract. It is common for the time period to be several decades in the case of big infrastructure projects that carry a lot of construction and operational risk.
There are a number of other, related forms of procurement, which allocate rights and responsibilities differently:
- Build, operate, transfer (BOT), whereby the private organisation does not own the project as an asset, they merely receive a concession to operate it for a period of time. See Build operate transfer BOT.
- Build lease transfer (BLT), in which the public sector partner leases the project from the contractor and also takes responsibility for its operation.
- Design, build, finance and operate (DBFO), which also assigns the design responsibility to the private organisation.
For more information see: Procurement routes.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Build lease transfer BLT.
- Build operate transfer BOT.
- Complex project.
- Concession.
- Concession agreement.
- Design build finance and operate.
- Design Build Finance Transfer (DBFT).
- Design build operate (DBO).
- Design build operate maintain DBOM.
- Major Projects Authority.
- PFI vs PPP.
- Private Finance Initiative.
- Procurement route.
- Public Private Partnership.
- Public procurement.
- Renovate, operate, transfer (ROT).
- Risk allocation.
Featured articles and news
Do you take the lead in a circular construction economy?
Help us develop and expand this wiki as a resource for academia and industry alike.
Warm Homes Plan Workforce Taskforce
Risks of undermining UK’s energy transition due to lack of electrotechnical industry representation, says ECA.
Cost Optimal Domestic Electrification CODE
Modelling retrofits only on costs that directly impact the consumer: upfront cost of equipment, energy costs and maintenance costs.
The Warm Homes Plan details released
What's new and what is not, with industry reactions.
Could AI and VR cause an increase the value of heritage?
The Orange book: 2026 Amendment 4 to BS 7671:2018
ECA welcomes IET and BSI content sign off.
How neural technologies could transform the design future
Enhancing legacy parametric engines, offering novel ways to explore solutions and generate geometry.
Key AI related terms to be aware of
With explanations from the UK government and other bodies.
From QS to further education teacher
Applying real world skills with the next generation.
A guide on how children can use LEGO to mirror real engineering processes.
Data infrastructure for next-generation materials science
Research Data Express to automate data processing and create AI-ready datasets for materials research.
Wired for the Future with ECA; powering skills and progress
ECA South Wales Business Day 2025, a day to remember.
AI for the conservation professional
A level of sophistication previously reserved for science fiction.
Biomass harvested in cycles of less than ten years.
An interview with the new CIAT President
Usman Yaqub BSc (Hons) PCIAT MFPWS.
Cost benefit model report of building safety regime in Wales
Proposed policy option costs for design and construction stage of the new building safety regime in Wales.
Do you receive our free biweekly newsletter?
If not you can sign up to receive it in your mailbox here.























