Crosswall construction
Crosswall construction is a form of construction in which load bearing walls provide the primary vertical support and lateral stability for precast floors. External wall panels, lift cores or staircases are used to provide the required longitudinal stability. Bridging components such as floors, roofs and beams are supported by the load bearing walls or façade wall.
If both walls and floors are of cast in situ reinforced concrete, the series of ‘boxes’ so formed is sometimes referred to as ‘box frame construction’.
The system is ideal for buildings with cellular and orthogonal grids, with rooms of up to 4 x 9 m. It is suitable for buildings up to a height of five storeys where the floors are similar and where internal separating or party walls are required, such as in blocks of flats and student accommodation.
It creates a structurally efficient building with high levels of acoustic and fire separation between adjacent rooms. This is due to the high mass of the structure and good airtightness. Cross wall construction also has good thermal mass.
Crosswall systems can offer significant time and cost savings in comparison to traditional building techniques as the components can often be prefabricated. In addition, the arrangement of windows between crosswalls is unrestricted.
The precast elements are typically brought to site 'just in time'. Hidden joints and ties, both horizontally and vertically are grouted in place as the work develops. Other works such as installation of mechanical and electrical services and finishes that are required can start prior to the completion of the entire structure.
Crosswall construction involves a number of key connections:
- Wall-to-wall at vertical joints.
- Wall-to-wall at horizontal joints.
- Wall-to-base/foundation.
Care must be taken in both design and construction to ensure that the junctions between the non-load bearing claddings and the crosswalls are weather resistant.
If a pitched roof is to be included with the ridge parallel to the lateral axis, there will need to be an edge beam to provide a seating for the rafters and to transmit roof loads to the crosswalls.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Cavity wall.
- Cladding.
- Concrete frame.
- Diaphragm wall.
- Modular buildings.
- Offsite manufacturing.
- Off-site prefabrication of buildings: A guide to connection choices.
- Party wall.
- Precast flat panel system.
- Prefabricated structural panels.
- Prefabrication.
- Preventing wall collapse.
- Wall types.
[edit] External resources
- ‘Building Construction Handbook’ (6th ed.), CHUDLEY, R., GREENO, R., Butterworth-Heinemann (2006)
Featured articles and news
Excellent Black civil engineers in the UK
Recognising past and present role models for the future.
So why not write something?
Climate Emergency Retrofit Guide
LETI publishes guidance for energy efficient home retrofits.
The new normal for ventilation
Predictions about adequate post-pandemic IAQ in non-domestic buildings.
Government publishes plans to 'build back greener'.
Fire safety exclusions and insurance
The contentious nature of claims associated with cladding, fire safety and EWS1 forms.
ECA comments on low-carbon heating systems initiative and Heat and Buildings Strategy.
Victorian dust heaps of London
Cinders and other forms of domestic rubbish created filth but also generated great wealth.
Young professionals in construction survey
CIC 2050 Group requests input to find out priorities for future industry leaders.
Comments
Hi my house is of this design, I want to remove a timber and plasterboard partitionwall in my kitchen and make it bigger but am worried if it’s load bearing as it is pretty much the only interior wall downstairs of the house? Any help appreciated thanks in advance.
nick
If you're not certain, you should get a structural engineer to check it out for you. It should be relatively quick and straight forward job for them.