Types of chimneys
Contents |
[edit] Introduction
In traditional construction, a chimney is a structure consisting of a wall or walls enclosing one or more flues. Scottish Building Standards define a chimney as: ‘…a structure enclosing one or more flues, but not a flue pipe, and including any openings for the accommodation of a combustion appliance, but does not include a chimney terminal.’ A chimney terminal is another term for a chimney pot, cowl or other structure that finishes off the chimney top.
[edit] Materials
Chimneys can be identified by the materials used in their construction. Common types include:
Brick. This common type of chimney found in residential construction can tolerate temperatures up to approximately 980C. However, since bricks are porous, they can deteriorate under certain climate conditions, and repointing can be necessary to prevent rainwater penetration.
Stone. Also porous, but it can be more expensive than brick. It is generally more difficult to build with stone when the shapes are irregular. Again, repointing can be necessary.
Concrete block. This is an easy to use and affordable material for chimney construction, and offers flexibility in terms of colour.
Metal. Metal is a good conductor of heat, although it can warp at high temperatures and must be lined for protection. Typically flues are made from metal.
Pre-fabricated materials. These factory built structures can be made to certain specifications (such as double-walled, air-cooled and so on).
Wood burning stovepipe chimneys. These vertical structures are attached to stoves and go through the ceiling and out through the roof. Due to the high temperatures of wood burning stoves, these chimneys must be able to withstand high heat. This may be referred to as a flue.
[edit] Chimney classes
[edit] Class 1
Traditional masonry chimneys found on older buildings (built before the 1960s) tend to be designated as Class 1. These chimneys are positioned on an internal or external wall and can contain more than one flue for more than one fire. However, fires cannot share the same flue. These chimneys tend to require liners, due to their age.
[edit] Class 2
Chimneys outfitted with pre-fabricated flues are categorised as Class 2. These chimneys can sometimes be identified by a metal chimney terminal. They are more commonly found in newer properties.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
Featured articles and news
ECA Industry Awards 2024 shortlist revealed
22 leading businesses from across the electrotechnical and engineering services sector.
Government unveils Skills England strategy
Skills England to transform opportunities and drive growth.
New Government Hub for York Given Planning Green Light
For up to 2,600 civil servants, due for completion by 2028.
Construction Skills Certification Scheme cards
July update on Professionally Qualified and Academically Qualified Person Cards.
BSRIA Briefing 2024, November 22
Sustainable Futures: Redefining Retrofit for Net Zero Living.
The CLC on driving competency in the retrofit sector
Previously published roadmap on skills for net zero.
The first labour government King's speech in fifteen years
Construction industry reactions, support and some concern.
CIOB Retrofit of Buildings Technical Information Sheet
What retrofit is, the approach to be taken and processes to be followed.
Adapting Historic Buildings for Energy and Carbon Efficiency
Historic England advice note 18, free download published.
10 retrofit projects revisited 10 years after completion.
Information orders, building liability orders and SPVs
Key BSA terms and how they impact special purpose vehicles.
Listed despite problems with its design.
Zen and the art of cycling exploration.
Design Council Homes Taskforce launched
To support government 1.5 million homes target within UK climate commitments.