HVAC balancing

[edit] Introduction

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) balancing is the process of conducting a comprehensive inspection of all aspects of HVAC systems, even when the systems involve independent components. The purpose of the process is to ensure that HVAC systems are operating properly by delivering the correct airflow throughout the facility.

The need for HVAC balancing becomes particularly apparent, for example, when space occupancy or usage change over time, but HVAC systems are not adjusted to respond to these changes. Consequently, temperatures may fluctuate from space to space, resulting in rooms that are too hot or too cold.

Regular inspection and maintenance ensures that systems are operating optimally. This form of maintenance is generally conducted by HVAC balancing consultants trained to evaluate system interaction with other elements of the building.

[edit] Inspection components

A typical report details all equipment found, the normal operating range or load design and the actual conditions found. The report should include comprehensive visual and mechanical evaluations.

The visual inspection of the components will uncover air leaks, loose connections or joints, pinched or perforated ducts, blockages, inappropriate ductwork (too long, too small or too sharply turned) or other parts of the system that may be malfunctioning.

During the mechanical evaluation, technicians test system performance by measuring airflow. They also record humidity levels, heat gains and heat losses.

This report is then used as the framework for the necessary repairs or corrections that will optimise the equipment and return it to its original performance levels. It also notes other potential problems that may be discovered during the visual and mechanical inspection process.

[edit] Inspection outcomes

In addition to resetting HVAC systems to their proper operating conditions, balancing activities can help improve overall efficiency and decrease energy demands. HVAC balancing can also help to increase the operational lifespan of equipment by repairing mechanical issues that occur over time. Building occupants should also experience more comfortable temperatures and improved indoor air quality as a result of the HVAC balancing process.

HVAC balancing will also take place during the commissioning process. For more information see: Commissioning.

[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki

• Air conditioning.
• Air infiltration testing.
• Approved Document F.
• Building services.
• Commissioning.
• Ductwork.
• Effective ventilation in buildings.
• Humidity.
• HVAC.
• Indoor air quality.
• Mechanical, electrical and plumbing MEP.
• Ventilation.