Ashlar
Ashlar is a type of masonry which is finely cut and/or worked, and is characterised by its smooth, even faces and square edges. It can also be used to refer to an individual stone that has been finely cut and worked until squared.
Ashlar has been used in construction as an alternative to brick or other materials dating back to classical architecture, where it was often used to contrast with rustication (masonry with a purposefully rough or patterned surface).
Courses of ashlar can be horizontal, with blocks laid in parallel, or may be random with deliberately discontinuous vertical and horizontal joints.
Since ashlar blocks are precisely cut on all faces which are adjacent to other masonry, very thin joints can be achieved. The face of the block away from joints may be left rough and unpolished (known as quarry-faced), or may be polished or rendered decoratively. Mason’s drag is a form of decoration used on softer stone ashlar which involves small grooves applied by a metal comb-like device.
Mortar, or another joining material, is used to bind ashlar blocks together. Other methods of assembly such as metal ties can be used, in a process known as dry ashlar. Such a technique can be seen in the Inca architecture of Cusco and Machu Picchu.
In the UK, ashlar walling can be found in many historic buildings; one notable example being the Royal Crescent in Bath. It is also becoming more popular as a form of exterior cladding in urban commercial developments.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
Featured articles and news
Heat pump announcements, what homeowners need to know
An 'ultimate guide to heat pumps' from a heating company.
Construction contract awards reach £7.1bn in February
Their highest level in seven months.
The journey to sustainability in heritage
Research is the key to better understanding.
Heritage approaches to adaptation, mitigation and loss.
Bridging the gap between policy, finance and installation.
Development on brownfield land
Definition, background, policy and the latest consultation.
With the Design Framework for Building Services.
Retrofit of Buildings, a CIOB Technical Publication
Pertinent technical issues, measures and the roles involved.
ECA joins HSE campaign to support mental health
Working Minds’ five simple steps based on risk assessment.
Mental health in the construction industry
Mental health issues in brief with related articles.
Transitional arrangements, Building Control and the BSR.
For pre-October buildings with substantial progress by April.
How to write an inspection and test plan
ITPs for quality control and assurance particular elements.
Why quality counts in domestic ventilation systems
From products, to systems to the installation.
Empowering the Future with CIOB Academy
Lifelong learning, upscaling, and reskilling for the built environment.
Winners of the 2024 ASBP Awards
Project, Product and Initiative according to the 6 pillars.