The properties of tension springs

[edit] Introduction

Tension springs are often used in lever-based mechanisms such as garage doors and are one of the most popular spring types. They are frequently used to provide return force to components that extend in an actuated position.

Tension springs absorb energy to create a resistance to a pulling force. The initial tension determines how tightly together a spring is coiled.

[edit] What are tension springs?

Tension springs are archetypal, tightly-wound springs commonly referred to as ‘extension springs’ and are designed to operate with tension. The spring attaches at both ends to other components, and when the components move apart, the spring attempts to bring the components together again by reverting to its original shape.

The coils of the spring initially touch when no force is applied, but the coils are pulled apart as the components move in an outward direction.

[edit] How are tension springs made?

Even though tension springs differ from compression springs, they are usually made from similar materials including copper, titanium and steel. Steel is the most durable of these, and there are different types of steel used, such as; stainless, cold rolled and alloy steel.

The process of making tension springs involves highly-advanced, hot and cold coiling procedures.

Tension springs are typically manufactured in dimensions of between 0.1 mm and 26 mm, using tension coiling machines. There are a variety of end types available, such as hooks and coiled loops.

Before a tension spring is sold, it undergoes a range of tests. Spring sellers will commonly list features for the spring, including seat pressure and coil bind height.

[edit] Properties of tension springs

The distinguishing feature that sets tension springs apart from other types of springs is the tightness of their coils. Compression springs are commonly a looser type of spring compared to tension springs.

The design of the tightly-wound coil springs is essential in enabling the spring to stretch. The manufacturing process is important in ensuring the design of the springs can hold the components together.

Tension springs vary in size from small medical devices to off-road machinery brake springs, which are considerably larger in size.

[edit] Common uses of tension springs

Tension springs are an essential component of many appliances that would not be able to function without the benefit of the spring’s unique properties.

Given the versatility of tension springs, they are found in products across a range of different industries:

• Construction components.
• Automotive interiors and exteriors
• Carburettors
• Trampolines
• Washing devices
• Farm machinery
• Toys
• Robotics
• Levers

--European Springs and Pressings Ireland Ltd

[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki

• Compression springs.
• E-spring.
• Flat springs.
• Key qualities of springs.
• Tension springs v torsion springs.
• The Difference Between Tension and Torsion Springs
• Types of spring.