Natural cements
Durability Guaranteed - Pulhamite Rockwork - Its conservation and repair, published by Historic England in 2008, defines natural cements as: ‘…a class of hydraulic materials distinguishable from eminently hydraulic limes by their higher silica and alumina content. They are produced by burning argillaceous limestones with a high clay content, and their characteristics are somewhere between those of eminently hydraulic limes and modern artificial cements. Unlike hydraulic limes, calcined natural cements cannot slake in lump form (because there is no free lime) and must be ground before use.’
See also: Artificial cements.
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