Proxy climate indicator
Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis, Annex VII: Glossary, written by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press in 2023, states: ‘A proxy climate indicator is any biophysical property of materials formed during the past that is interpreted to represent some combination of climate-related variations back in time. Climate-related data derived in this way are referred to as proxy data, and time series of proxy data are proxy records. Examples of proxy types include pollen assemblages, tree ring widths, speleothem and coral geochemistry, and various data derived from marine sediments and glacier ice. Proxy data can be calibrated to provide quantitative climate information.’
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