Last edited 23 Apr 2025

Data assimilation

Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis, Annex VII: Glossary, written by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press in 2023, defines Data assimilation as: ‘Mathematical method used to combine different sources of information in order to produce the best possible estimate of the state of a system. This information usually consists of observations of the system and a numerical model of the system evolution. Data assimilation techniques are used to create initial conditions for weather forecast models and to construct reanalyses describing the trajectory of the climate system over the time period covered by the observations.’

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