Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a measure of the mean annual growth rate of an investment over a specified time period. It measures the growth rate effecting the value of the initial investment to that of the end-of-period investment, with the assumption that over that time period the investment has been compounding.
While CAGR isn’t a true return rate, it is a representational figure used to understand an investment’s returns and is considered a better measure of return over time. The effects of compounding are ignored by the average annual return figures, which can overestimate an investment’s growth. By contrast, CAGR uses a geometric average to represent the consistent rate at which, if compounding had occurred at the same annual rate, the investment would have grown.
The formula for CAGR is:
CAGR = (EV / BV)^(1 / n) - 1
where:
- EV = Investment's end-of-period value
- BV = Investment's beginning value
- n = Number of periods (months, years, etc.)
As an example, if an investment of £2,000 is made for six years, with year-end values of the investment as follows:
- Year 1: £1,500
- Year 2: £2,000
- Year 3: £6,000
- Year 4: £8,000
- Year 5: £10,000
- Year 6: £12,000
The CAGR is: (12,000 / 2,000)^(1/6) – 1 = 0.348 = 34.8%
As it is a simple metric, CAGR is also flexible and can be used in a variety of ways, for example, comparing investments of different types, or tracking the performance of various measures alongside one another.
However, it should be used with other metrics to give a representative overall picture as it does have some limitations. For instance, it ignores volatility and implies that growth over the time period was steady, whereas in reality growth can be higher or lower from one year to the next. In addition, CAGR does not predict that the investment will continue to grow at the same rate, as it is only a historical metric. Many other factors might affect the rate of growth in future years.
[edit] Find out more
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Accounting.
- Base year.
- Cash flow.
- Cost engineering.
- Cost performance index (CPI).
- Cost-benefit analysis in construction.
- Discounting.
- Gross value added (GVA).
- Internal rate of return.
- Net Present Value.
- Profitability.
- Residual value.
- Turnover.
- Yield.
[edit] External resources
- Investopedia - CAGR
Featured articles and news
The UK heating industry and the Brexit transition
An overview of the current state of the market.
UEFA guide to renovating football training facilities
Organisation offers best practices for construction and modification.
Heritage on the edge?
Prioritising tax considerations.
Reviewing the Double Diamond Design model
The four D creative process: discover, define, develop and deliver.
National Cyber Security Centre initiative is announced.
The impact of COVID-19 on global HVAC&R markets
Reviewing trends and projections.
Legislation will establish initiatives to move towards net zero.
Status determination statement
How to document contractor employment status.
Social distancing goes high tech
Tech tools to help manage people and space post-pandemic.
Eclectic Edwardian architecture
A style that ranges from mock Tudor to arts and crafts to the 'Wrenaissance'.
Free guide from Secured by Design.
Building Back Better: Circularity
BREEAM strategy for sustainability and the circular economy.
Free tool to improve the construction programming process.