First fix
First fix (sometimes described as shell and first fix ) is a short-hand term used to describe the processes that are undertaken during construction works up to the point of applying internal surfaces – typically plaster. It is normally used in relation to the work of specific trades such as carpenters, plumbers and electricians.
Generally first fix will include constructing the structure, cladding, flooring, doorframes, stairs and so on and installing cables for electrical and ICT distribution, pipework for water and gas distribution and heating ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) distribution. First fix is not normally visible when looking at the finished building. Where possible first fix should be tested before second fix (for example, plumbing riser stacks).
Second fix takes place after the internal surfaces have been applied. It comprises those items that are visible in a finished area and are held back to avoid damage, or sadly sometimes theft. This may include fitting internal doors, skirting, architraves, handrails, fixtures and fittings, including connection of appliances (such as electrical equipment, sanitaryware, radiators, and so on) testing and commissioning. For more information see: Second fix.
Typically there will be a change of trades operating on the site, and a break in activity for some trades between first and second fix.
In hotels and residential work there is sometimes a third fix of fixtures and fittings of high value that require fitting or service connections such as chandeliers, white goods, picture-lit artwork and fabrics.
As first fix, second fix and third fix do not have accurate standard definitions, it is very important that contract documentation sets out precisely what work is to be carried out and by who, rather than relying on ambiguous short-hand terms.
NB BG 87/2024, Useful Information Guide, written by Chin Hang “Kay” Lam and published by BSRIA in 2024, defines first fix as: ‘Work done in a new building up to the point that plaster is applied to walls, typically including (but not limited to) pipework, cable runs and back boxes. This term is typically used in housebuilding but may also be used in other types of project. While there is no universal definition, it generally relates to work done by plumbers, electricians and other trades on their first visit to a house.’
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
Featured articles and news
Net zero electricity grids BSRIA guide NZG 5/2024
Outlining the changes needed to transition to net zero.
CIOB Global Student Challenge 2024
Universitas Indonesia wins for second year running.
New project and cultural district described in detail.
The nature of EPCs, crticism and inaccuracies.
History, issues and redesign.
From waste recycling to energy performance the hierchy.
An introduction to WERCS and WEEE responsibilities
Dealing 2 million tonnes of waste equipment a year.
Global BACS Market: analytics and optimisation
A BSRIA glance at building automation and control systems.
What it is and how to use it.
Types of insulating plaster by binder and insulant.
Investors in People: CIOB achieves gold
Reflecting a commitment to employees and members.
Scratching beneath the surface; a guide to selection.
ECA 2024 Apprentice of the Year Award
Entries open for submission until May 31.
UK gov apprenticeship funding from April 2024
Brief summary the policy paper updated in March.
For the World Autism Awareness Month of April.
Comments
To take part in a discussion, click 'Add a comment' above.
Generally first fix is not visible when looking at the finished article. Where possible first fix should be tested prior to second fix such as plumbing riser stacks. Second fix comprises those items that are visible in a finished area and are held back to avoid damage, perhaps paintwork or sadly sometimes theft. In hotels and residential work there is sometimes a third fix of fixtures and fittings of high value that require fitting or service connections such as chandeliers, white goods, picture lit artwork and fabrics.