Designing Buildings - User contributions [en]

TruVision

2016-04-04T13:18:41Z

TruVision:

[[File:Truvision3.png|link=File:Truvision3.png]]

= Introduction =

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created by architects and use state-of-the-art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before it’s built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision1.jpg|link=File:Truvision1.jpg]]

= History =

The company was founded in 2015 by four university graduates, Joe Taylor, Connor Handley-Collins, Lewis Goodall and Gary Roberson. During their time at university they were tasked with creating with a real business plan for a particular module in their final year. It was here that TruVision was born. Nearing the end of the year, the feedback, grades and research showed that the idea was certainly viable, with much potential for the future.

TruVision began shortly after their final piece of work in June 2015. At this stage in the virtual reality timeline, the Oculus Rift was still only at ‘developer kit 2’ and the HTC Vive developer editions had yet to be released, requiring TruVision to face the challenge of creating their own market. TruVision are still in their infancy as the virtual reality market continues to grow.

[[File:Truvision2.jpg|link=File:Truvision2.jpg]]

As claimed by the BBC, 2016 is set to be the year when virtual reality goes from niche to mainstream. With Oculus, who were recently acquired by Facebook for $2bn, among other industry big hitters such as HTC and Samsung releasing consumer versions of their respective virtual reality headsets this year, it is only a matter of time until one can be found in every living room. Recognising this, several industries are beginning to adapt to the new technology, particularly the construction industry.

TruVision currently provides virtual reality for a wide variety of clients including universities, architects, yacht builders, interior designers, property developers and house builders.

= How it works =

Virtual reality takes a blueprint/drawing and transforms it into a 3D model that has life-like textures, animations, furniture and features, all of which work to trick the mind into thinking it is immersed within the space. Through involving a client in their designs with virtual reality, the industry will be able to demonstrate exactly how the structure will feel once built, something which is impossible through the use of 2D blueprints and flat image renderings. Being able to virtually experience a building and its surroundings also enables the industry and their clients to spot any potential issues pre-build, reducing the chance of any costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision4.png|link=File:Truvision4.png]]

Using interactive technology like virtual reality leads to increased levels of interaction with designs. When walking through a building, users can open doors, turn on lights and even make stylistic changes to the interior.

Watch the YouTube video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABUZLQdza8g here].

At TruVision, our projects can be developed to allow users to change almost any aspect of the building’s interior design, ranging from kitchen units, wallpaper styles, furniture and much more. Features such as day/night mode are also increasingly popular, allowing the user to experience the project in the day with natural sunlight or at night with artificial light.

You can follow TruVision’s journey by following them on social media.

* [https://www.facebook.com/truvisionvr Facebook]
* [https://twitter.com/TruVisionVR Twitter]
* [https://www.instagram.com/truvisionvr/ Instagram]
* [https://www.linkedin.com/company/truvision-limited LinkedIn]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXiLFSyGjm_z3Lfw9G4q2Sw YouTube]

--[[User:TruVision|TruVision]]

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D concrete printer.
* 3D MOVE: Mobile Immersive Visualisation Environment.
* Big data.
* BIM articles.
* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
* Computer aided design CAD.
* Concept architectural design.
* Construction drones.
* Design programme.
* [[Integrated_modelling,_simulation_and_visualisation_(MSV)_for_sustainable_built_healing_environments_(BHEs)|Integrated modeling, simulation and visualisation (MSV) for sustainable built healing environments (BHEs)]].
* Projections.
* Samples and mock-ups.
* TenderSpace.
* Types of drawings for building design.

=== External references ===

* TruVision - [http://www.truvisionvr.com/ Official site]

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

TruVision

2016-04-04T13:17:45Z

TruVision:

[[File:Truvision3.png|link=File:Truvision3.png]]

= Introduction =

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created by architects and use state-of-the-art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before it’s built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision1.jpg|link=File:Truvision1.jpg]]

= History =

The company was founded in 2015 by four university graduates, Joe Taylor, Connor Handley-Collins, Lewis Goodall and Gary Roberson. During their time at university they were tasked with creating with a real business plan for a particular module in their final year. It was here that TruVision was born. Nearing the end of the year, the feedback, grades and research showed that the idea was certainly viable, with much potential for the future.

TruVision began shortly after their final piece of work in June 2015. At this stage in the virtual reality timeline, the Oculus Rift was still only at ‘developer kit 2’ and the HTC Vive developer editions had yet to be released, requiring TruVision to face the challenge of creating their own market. TruVision are still in their infancy as the virtual reality market continues to grow.

[[File:Truvision2.jpg|link=File:Truvision2.jpg]]

As claimed by the BBC, 2016 is set to be the year when virtual reality goes from niche to mainstream. With Oculus, who were recently acquired by Facebook for $2bn, among other industry big hitters such as HTC and Samsung releasing consumer versions of their respective virtual reality headsets this year, it is only a matter of time until one can be found in every living room. Recognising this, several industries are beginning to adapt to the new technology, particularly the construction industry.

TruVision currently provides virtual reality for a wide variety of clients including universities, architects, yacht builders, interior designers, property developers and house builders.

= How it works =

Virtual reality takes a blueprint/drawing and transforms it into a 3D model that has life-like textures, animations, furniture and features, all of which work to trick the mind into thinking it is immersed within the space. Through involving a client in their designs with virtual reality, the industry will be able to demonstrate exactly how the structure will feel once built, something which is impossible through the use of 2D blueprints and flat image renderings. Being able to virtually experience a building and its surroundings also enables the industry and their clients to spot any potential issues pre-build, reducing the chance of any costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision4.png|link=File:Truvision4.png]]

Using interactive technology like virtual reality leads to increased levels of interaction with designs. When walking through a building, users can open doors, turn on lights and even make stylistic changes to the interior.

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ABUZLQdza8g" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

At TruVision, our projects can be developed to allow users to change almost any aspect of the building’s interior design, ranging from kitchen units, wallpaper styles, furniture and much more. Features such as day/night mode are also increasingly popular, allowing the user to experience the project in the day with natural sunlight or at night with artificial light.

You can follow TruVision’s journey by following them on social media.

* [https://www.facebook.com/truvisionvr Facebook]
* [https://twitter.com/TruVisionVR Twitter]
* [https://www.instagram.com/truvisionvr/ Instagram]
* [https://www.linkedin.com/company/truvision-limited LinkedIn]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXiLFSyGjm_z3Lfw9G4q2Sw YouTube]

--[[User:TruVision|TruVision]]

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D concrete printer.
* 3D MOVE: Mobile Immersive Visualisation Environment.
* Big data.
* BIM articles.
* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
* Computer aided design CAD.
* Concept architectural design.
* Construction drones.
* Design programme.
* [[Integrated_modelling,_simulation_and_visualisation_(MSV)_for_sustainable_built_healing_environments_(BHEs)|Integrated modeling, simulation and visualisation (MSV) for sustainable built healing environments (BHEs)]].
* Projections.
* Samples and mock-ups.
* TenderSpace.
* Types of drawings for building design.

=== External references ===

* TruVision - [http://www.truvisionvr.com/ Official site]

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Types of drawings for building design

2016-04-01T10:43:55Z

TruVision:

= Location drawings and general arrangement drawings =

The information shown on a locating drawing will be overall sizes, levels and references to assembly drawings. They are intended to show the location of the works, not detail (a common mistake). The location drawings, which can be plans, elevation or sections, are numbered consecutively with the prefix L.

Typically, location drawings will include:

* Block plans.
* Site plans.
* Floor plans.
* Foundations plans.
* Roof plans.
* Section through the entire building.
* Elevations.

British Standard Specification 1192 includes recommended or preferred scales for location drawings.

== Block plans ==

Block plans usually show the siting of the project in relation to Ordnance Survey Maps. Conventions are used to depict boundaries, roads and other details. Recommended scales are:

* 1 : 2500
* 1 : 1250
* 1 : 500

[[File:Typical_location_plan.png|600px|link=File:Typical_location_plan.png]]

== Site plans ==

Site plans usually show the extent of the site but no surrounding detail. Recommended scales are:

* 1 : 500
* 1 : 200

The function of the site plan is to show:

* The location of the building or buildings in relation to their surroundings.
* The topography of the site, with both existing and finished levels.
* Buildings to be demolished or removed.
* The extent of earthworks, included, cutting and filling, and the provision of bank and retaining walls.
* Roads, footpaths, hardstandings and paved areas.
* Planting.
* The layout of external service runs, including drainage, water, gas, electricity, telephone, etc.
* The layout of external lighting.
* Fencing, walls and gates.
* The location of miscellaneous external components – bollards, litter bins, etc.

[[File:Typical_site_plan.png|599px|link=File:Typical_site_plan.png]]

== Floor plans ==

Floor plans usually show the layout of rooms, key dimensions and levels, and may also use conventions and symbols to show materials and locations of fittings and appliances. Recommended scales are:

* 1 : 200
* 1 : 100
* 1 : 50

Line types are used to differentiate information in floor plans. Hatching or conventions are used to illustrate materials, while symbols are used to show fittings and appliances, often with standard abbreviations.

[[File:Typical_house_ground_floor_plan.png|599px|link=File:Typical_house_ground_floor_plan.png]]

There are three situations that must be considered:

* General arrangement (location) drawings designed to show a single building element and what it should contain.
* General arrangement drawings designed to be complete in themselves (clearly this type of drawing would only arise on the smallest and simplest of projects.)
* Basic floor plan drawings – the drawings which provide the fundamental and minimal information which will appear as the framework for each individual elemental plan. The basic drawing, in fact, from which future drawing containing elemental information will be taken.

=== Basic floor plan ===

If a set of working drawings for a project is prepared, the floor plans may be divided into five elements in the following manner:

(2-) Primary elements

(3-) Secondary elements (5-) Services (piped and ducted) (6-) Services (electrical) (7-) Fittings

=== General arrangement plans ===

Where the elemental plans are to be drawn by CAD or manually, you must fist consider what common features of the plans will need to appear in all five elementalised plans given in the example above. It is clearly important that the information carried by the base negative, (manual) or layers common to all drawings in a CAD set shall be, not too little, and not too much. Below is a check list of what the basic plan should contain and a list of those items which more often than not get added to the original needlessly and superfluously to the subsequent inconvenience of everyone.

To be included:

* Walls
* Main openings in walls (i.e. doors and windows)
* Partitions
* Main openings in partitions (doors)
* Door swing
* Room names and numbers
* Grid references (when applicable)
* Stairs (in outline)
* Fixed furniture (including loose furniture where its disposition in a room is predetermined - e.g. desks set out on a modular gird, etc.)
* Sanitary fittings
* Cupboards
* North point

Items which tend to be included, but should not be:

* Dimensions
* Annotations
* Details of construction – e.g. cavity wall construction
* Hatching and shading
* Loose furniture where its disposition is not predetermined
* Section indications

== Elevations ==

Elevations usually show the outline of the building, opening details and sizes, level datums and floor position. An elevation should give an impression of how one face of the building will look from the outside.

[[File:Typical_elevations_drawing.png|600px|link=File:Typical_elevations_drawing.png]]

== Estate road layout ==

Should be at either 1:1250 or 1:500 scales. Line types will fulfil an important role in this type of location drawing. The identity of buried items will be indicated by different line types. Conventions and symbols will indicate hard and soft landscape details and street furniture should be indicated by symbols.

= Assembly drawings =

The purpose of assembly drawings is to show how the building is erected on site. Information will include component identification and reference, assembly dimensions and tolerances with reference to component drawings.

The assembly drawings can be:

* Plans
* Elevations
* Section

The assembly drawing number is prefixed by the letter A. Standard details need an efficient library coding system to aid retrieval and sorting, and the Common Arrangement of Work Section (CAWS) reference system found in the standard old Method of Measurement (SMM7 - now replaced by the NMR2 and Uniclass). Some assembly drawings will show:

* Substructure section
* External wall details
* Wall openings such as head, sill and jamb sections, plans
* Eaves details
* Internal walls
* Stair details

The structuring of drawn information into specific sheets helps the search patterns of the end user. Some unenlightened designers will fill the drawing sheet with a mixture of plans, elevations and, if there is room, detailed sections. The titled chosen for the drawing sheet is the first indication of the content of the sheet. Search procedures by the end users follow a pattern and the drawings should be structured and titled to maximise this procedure. Recommended scales fore assembly drawings are: 1:50; 1:20; 1:10.

[[File:Typical_section_drawing.png|link=File:Typical_section_drawing.png]]

The drawings will comprise plan view and sections, and the thickness of lines will depend on the information hierarchy. Outlines and different components drawn with thicker lines alert the user to key information as the eye scans the entire drawing. The placing of the section on the drawing sheet should be carefully laid out to minimise search time for the end user.

Identification of materials using standard conventions will complement the annotation and convey the extent of the materials used in the assembly detail.

The amount of text and dimensions included on the sheet should be just enough to achieve the purpose of the drawing. For example, a drawing of a substructure detail should not include text or specification relating to the roof. When placing text and dimensions onto the sheet, it is best to assist the end user by leaving the drawing area uncluttered. The focal point is the drawn detail. Once the diagram has been assimilated, further information is sought, with the eye radiating out form the focus diagram. The diagram should therefore be encircled with dimensions and text, and the text should be legible, concise and accurate.

Code references direct the user to further drawn information such as component drawings or to the bill of quantities. The specification or the measured section of the bill of quantities should explain the quality of the material or workmanship. This will avoid expensive duplication of specifications on the drawings, reducing the possibility of discrepancies between tender and contract documents.

= Component drawings =

This type of drawing shows individual components in the unfixed state. Information will include component sizes, tolerance and specification with reference to the bill of quantity.

The component drawing number is prefixed by the letter C, and typical component details are:

* Wood window head detail
* Special door construction
* Sill
* Coping stone

[[File:Typical_construction_detail.png|link=File:Typical_construction_detail.png]]

Component drawings are often large-scale, sometime full-sized drawings showing individual components. Assembly drawings will contain several components, showing how the individual components fit together to make a building element.

Recommended scales are:

* 1 :10
* 1 : 5
* 1 : 2
* 1 : 1

The component drawings will contain dimensions and some text, but the material specification and the minimum acceptable quality will be defined in the specification section of the bill of quantities. The CAWS reference code will direct the end user to the correct part of the bill of quantities.

= Projections =

== Orthographic projection ==

Orthographic projection is a way of illustrating three-dimensional objects in a two-dimensional drawing. The basic drawing layouts are shown below.

[[File:First_and_third_angle_projection.png|link=File:First_and_third_angle_projection.png]]

Drawing projections must comply with the relevant British Standard to prevent misunderstanding and avoid errors in interpreting the drawing. The orthographic projection commonly used in Britain is called the first angle projection, but there are other less common projections that can be used to illustrate a three-dimensional object.

== Axonometric projection ==

The advantage of an axonometric projection is the true plan set at 45 degrees. It is suitable for interior and kitchen layout. Planning drawings are effective as axonometric projection to show the relationship of existing buildings, topography and the proposed building.

== Isometric projection ==

Unlike the axonometric projection, the isometric plan view is slightly distorted and can be used to show the nature of the design more clearly than an orthographic projection. It is sometimes used during the conceptualisation of the design to help the client grasp the mass of the proposal.

== Oblique projection ==

When primary information is drawn in elevation, the interpretation can be enhanced by an oblique projection.

= Preliminary drawings =

These drawings are often refereed to as thinking drawings, and illustrate elements of the design. The freehand sketches are broad strokes with little detail and illustrate mass, proportion or other aesthetic principles. Soft pencil or a fineliner pen on detail paper is the preferred medium. To avoid deception the detail paper is often grid paper to ensure a correct proportion of images. The focal point of the building can be quickly illustrated by a preliminary sketch. Simplicity and avoidance of detail are the main aspects of a good preliminary drawing.

= Sketch drawings =

The entire range of drawings can be illustrated as sketch drawings. A location drawing can be ‘key’ or control drawing, showing control dimensions or levels. A sketched assembly drawing can be used by the architect to instruct the technician preparing the ink negative. To avoid misinterpretation of size, it is advantageous to use a modular, grid ruled plan, in which the main grid is 300 mm, with a secondary grid of 100 mm.

[[File:Typical_sketch_drawing.png|599px|link=File:Typical_sketch_drawing.png]]

= Working drawings =

These are the final drawn instructions which the builder will use on site to convert the design ideas into a real building, and care must be taken to ensure accuracy of dimensions and specification. In preparing the location plan it is best to use a control box when hand drawing a working drawing – that is, maximum design length and width are drawn on the tracing film. All details should fit within this control box, and if you find you are drawing outside the control box you should stop immediately as this indicates an error in the detailed measurements. Once the drawing has been completed in ink, clean up the drawing and erase the control box.

When a drawing is being produced, thought must be given to the structuring of information. A drawing contains certain information that must be observed. This is primary information, shown by thicker lines and/or high intensity. Secondary information will be shown by lines of medium thickness, while tertiary information will be indicated by thin lines. With ink drawings on film or tracing paper, different pen thickness will achieve the necessary information hierarchy.

== Specification ==

All drawings require annotation describing the elements or identifying the components. As these descriptive notes and words must be clearly understood, it is essential to aim for legibility if they are hand written, which means taking time to:

* Form and shape each individual letter.
* Space letters and words correctly.
* Arrange the text to help the end user.
* Arrange the text in hierarchical context.

To help achieve clarity of specification, stencils and dry letter transfers are available. When using CAD, take the time to select a clear and suitable font. Fonts like Comic Sans should never be used on any formal documents, signage, publications or drawings.

== Bill of quantities ==

The bill of quantities – which is, first, a vital tender document, then a contract document – should be an accurate description and quantification of the project. There should therefore be a cross-reference to the tender drawing and architect’s notes or specifications.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* As-built drawings and record drawings.
* Assembly drawing.
* Bill of quantities.
* Blueprint.
* Building information modelling.
* Component drawing.
* Computer aided design.
* Concept drawing.
* Detail drawing.
* Elevations.
* General arrangement drawing.
* Installation drawings.
* North American Paper Sizes
* Notation and symbols.
* Paper sizes (ISO 216 A, B and C series)
* Production information.
* Projections.
* Section drawing.
* Shop drawings.
* Site plan.
* Specification.
* Technical drawing.
* TruVision.
* Working drawing.

[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Taxation]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Procurement]] [[Category:Products_/_components]] [[Category:Property_development]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

TenderSpace

2016-04-01T10:43:23Z

TruVision:

[[File:Tenderspace.jpg|link=File:Tenderspace.jpg]]

= Overview =

[https://www.thetenderspace.com/ TenderSpace] is a new digital procurement platform offering a unique suite of web-based tools for those involved in property or construction related businesses. It was founded by David and Emma Stapleton and launched on 21st January 2016. It is aimed at all professionals working in the property or construction sector, including clients and advisors, contractors, professionals, suppliers and manufacturers and trades.

TenderSpace connects professionals via its ‘ToolBox’ function which provides a suite of tools to help people connect, analyse and manage workflows and procurement processes in an easier and more efficient way:

=== Team Builder ===

Designed to help with the sourcing of new team members, according to parameters controlled by the user.

=== Work Finder ===

By subscribing, the user is able to define the type of work they would like to search for by sector, region, value or type and submit Expressions of Interest to suitable projects they find.

=== Quick Quote ===

Designed to speed up the process of getting a quote from a trade, supplier or contractor. Details and descriptions are posted by the user and left open for response.

=== Cost Analysis ===

Modifiable Cost Analysis templates enable responses from contractors and subcontractors to be easily collated and compared.

=== Project Manager ===

Designed to cover the project from feasibility to completion in one place, with the ability to upload and store documents, communicate with team members, analyse costs, and so on.

=== Sercha ===

The user is able to place a material/product request that is sent to all applicable suppliers in the database. The idea is that the most competitive or innovative solutions will be identified easily.

=== Reward Builder ===

This is a rating system that enables users to build up their personal credit to use in the ToolBox.

=== Profile Builder ===

This allows users to build a profile and make it visible to other users.

The site is free to subscribe, and there are a range of upgrade options with different pricing structures that enable full use of the site’s tools.

Mike Jeffries, the former chairman and chief executive of Atkins, is the non-executive chairman and in an interview with Construction Manager said:

“I have been involved in the construction industry for my entire working career. It is an industry built on trust and relationships but in recent years there has been an increasing need for those involved in the industry to broaden their relationships, in order to keep pace with change, much of which has been driven by technology.

“Any platform that potentially improves communication and transparency such as TenderSpace can only help businesses work better together. In an industry that thrives on relationships, TenderSpace creates an opportunity to manage existing relationships and develop new ones.”

= Find out more =

Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki:

* Big data.
* BIM articles.
* Building management systems BMS.
* Computer aided design.
* Computer aided facilities management CAFM.
* Internet of things.
* Masterplanning.
* Open data.
* Smart cities.
* TruVision.
* WiFi.

=== External references ===

* The TenderSpace - [https://www.thetenderspace.com/ official site]
* Construction Manager - [http://www.construction-manager.co.uk/news/ex-atkins-chief-mi5ke-jeffries-b4acks-new-digi4tal/ Ex-Atkins chief Mike Jeffries backs new digital]

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Procurement]] [[Category:Products_/_components]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Samples and mock-ups for construction

2016-04-01T10:43:04Z

TruVision:

Samples and mock-ups have become more common requirements on construction projects as the number and complexity of goods and materials that are available and that are required for a single project has increased.

Samples might include simple items such as paint, tiles, bricks, or carpets. Mock-ups are scaled-down or full-size assemblies, such as sections of cladding, window assemblies or masonry.

There are a number of reasons that samples and mock-ups may be required:

* They may be required as part of the tender process when alternative suppliers or products are being considered before an order is placed.
* They may be required after selection to demonstrate compliance with the specification, to allow review of appearance or for testing to be carried out.
* Some suppliers may prepare them themselves to verify their ability to produce a product to the required specification.

The benefits of requiring samples or mock-ups include:

* Lessons can be learned from failures discovered through the tests that are performed.
* Potential issues and causes of failures can be taken into consideration and mitigated against.
* The process of testing and approval can improve the durability and longevity of the finished building.
* They can help test the way installed materials interact.
* They can help improved energy efficiency.
* They provide assurance that the specified materials will function as required under a variety of conditions.
* They can help understand the boundaries between trades.
* They can help improve installation techniques prior to actual work beginning.
* They can be useful obtaining approval from stakeholders who may find it difficult to understand drawings and specifications.

Mock-ups can be built and tested either on site, as part of the building itself, at the manufacturer’s premises, or in a third-party testing facility such as a laboratory.

The benefits of the manufacturer’s premises or a testing facility are that the controlled indoor environment can allow for quicker testing, and alterations to the product and the testing procedure can be made relatively easily. Laboratory conditions are also more likely to produce more reliable test results. However, this may involve the project team and the client travelling to the facility, and there may be time limitations, travel considerations, and additional costs involved.

The benefits of site-built mock-ups are that the installation can take place under the actual conditions that the actual structure will be exposed to, there are no additional travel or hire fees, and there are likely to be fewer time constraints. Potential drawbacks include difficulties in the construction and testing schedule because of inclement weather, site conditions, site availability, and so on.

If mock-ups are required, the project documents and specifications should include the precise requirements and test procedures. Test procedures should cover the specific tests, how they will be carried out, the conditions under which the test should be carried out, the qualifications for pass or failure and any requirement for witnesses to attend, such as designers or the client. This allows for the cost of the mock-up to be included as part of the original bid.

Once the supply contract has been let, comments on samples and mock-ups can only be made in relation to what is allowed by the contract. Comments that amount to a change in requirements would have to be consented to by the supplier and may result in an adjustment to the contract sum and a claim for extension of time.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki: ===

* Buildability in construction.
* Construction progress meeting.
* Construction site inspection.
* Contingency plan.
* Design review.
* Modular building.
* Offsite manufacturing.
* Pre-construction information.
* Prefabrication.
* Quality control.
* TruVision.

=== External references ===

Nibs.org - [https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/BEST/BEST2_057_EE14-4.pdf Why a mock up? (PDF)]

[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Drawing projections

2016-04-01T10:42:43Z

TruVision:

There are a number of techniques of projection that can be used to represent three-dimensional objects in two-dimensions by 'projecting' their image onto a planar surface.

Drawing projections should comply with relevant standards (such as British Standards) to prevent misunderstanding and avoid errors in interpreting the drawing.

= Orthographic projection =

Orthographic projection is a type of 'parallel' projection in which the four orthogonal views of an object are shown. The orthographic projection commonly used in the UK is called first angle projection.

[[File:First_and_third_angle_projection.png|link=File:First_and_third_angle_projection.png]]

[[File:Projections.png|link=File:Projections.png]]

= Axonometric projection =

Axonometric projection creates a true plan set at 45 degrees, which retains the original orthogonal geometry of the plan. It is particularly suitable for representing interior designs, such as kitchen layouts. Planning drawings can also be effective represented as axonometric projections, showing the relationships between buildings and topography.

The axonometric method became increasingly popular in the 20th century as a formal presentation technique, but recently has become less widely used due to the emergence of CAD programmes and building information modelling.

= Isometric projection =

The isometric was the standard view until the mid-20th century. Unlike the axonometric projection, the isometric plan view is slightly distorted, using a plan grid at 30 degrees from the horizontal in both directions. It can be used to show the nature of the design and explain construction details more clearly than an orthographic projection. It is sometimes used during concept design to help the client grasp the mass of the proposal.

= Oblique projection =

[[File:Oblique_projections.jpg|link=File:Oblique_projections.jpg]]

When primary information is drawn in elevation, the interpretation can be enhanced by an oblique projection. This is a simple method of producing two-dimensional images of three-dimensional objects. The differentiating characteristic of oblique projection is that the drawn objects are not in perspective, and so do not correspond to any actual obtainable view.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on [http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Designing_Buildings_Wiki Designing Buildings Wiki] ===

* As-built drawings and record drawings.
* Assembly drawing.
* Bill of quantities.
* Blueprint.
* Building information modelling.
* Component drawing.
* Computer aided design.
* Concept drawing.
* Detail drawing.
* Elevations.
* General arrangement drawing.
* Installation drawings.
* North American Paper Sizes
* Notation and symbols.
* Paper sizes (ISO 216 A, B and C series)
* Production information.
* Section drawing.
* Shop drawings.
* Site plan.
* Specification.
* Technical drawing.
* TruVision.
* Types of drawings.
* Working drawing.

[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Property_development]]

Construction drones

2016-04-01T10:42:07Z

TruVision:

[[File:Drone.jpg|link=File:Drone.jpg]]

The general term ‘drone’ refers to robotic vehicles. However, it has come to be associated more specifically with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).

Unmanned aerial vehicles cane be:

* Remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) controlled from the ground.
* Autonomously controlled by on-board computers.
* Pre-programmed to fly specified routes.

They range in size from full-scale aeroplanes or helicopters, to small hand-held vehicles similar to the model aircraft used for recreational purposes.

Drones are widely known for their use in military operations, but as the cost of the technology required has fallen, they have been developed for a number of civil applications such as; film making, surveying, crop spraying and so on.

In the construction industry they can give relatively easy access to large or difficult sites or to large, complex or tall structures. They can gather aerial data, mapping information and images that can be used for:

* Surveys.
* Inspections.
* Providing visual material for clients and other stakeholders.
* Monitoring activities on site.
* Security surveillance.
* Mapping data across sites.

Their set up costs are generally low compared with full LIDAR surveys, or the use of cherry pickers or scaffolding to access difficult areas, and they can gather information over a wide area and from a variety of viewpoints. They can also be faster than other methods and can reduce safety risks.

Drones can be operated remotely from safe areas several hundred meters away from construction works, as long as the pilot has a clear line of sight of the flying zone. Small drones can be transported in a case, set up quickly and can gather high-resolution information and continuous footage. The pilot is given a real-time view on a remote monitor and can manoeuvre the drone and zoom in to obtain additional information where issues are identified during flight.

Drones can return and land automatically in the event of problems occurring, and have can be shut down in emergency situations. If required, they can be programmed to take-off, follow a flight path, perform specific tasks at defined locations and auto land. Information gathered can be automatically uploaded to the cloud and viewed on tablets by the project team.

However, there are dangers associated with flying aircraft, as well as public concerns about privacy. In addition, drones have limited payload and may be difficult to operate in poor weather conditions, or where there is poor visibility.

In 2010 the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) introduced regulations for ‘…the operation of small unmanned aircraft used for aerial work purposes and those equipped for data acquisition and/or surveillance’. Certain sizes of vehicle must be registered, and where a flight is proposed within a congested area or in proximity to people or property permission must be obtained from the CAA. The CAA require that operators demonstrate piloting competence and that they have considered safety implications before permission is issued. This may involve a risk assessment for a one-off flight or submission of operating manuals for regular operators. Insurance is also required. Ref [https://www.caa.co.uk/default.aspx?catid=1995 CAA].

Some larger construction companies have made significant investment in construction drones, with the intention of having multiple drones continually flying over sites monitoring safety and tracking construction progress. They might also include additional sensing capabilities such as; ultrasonic sensors for avoiding collisions, LiDAR capability, infrared scanners, temperature sensors, air quality detectors, radiation monitors and so on.

Mike Lewis, Bechtel’s manager of construction, said: “This technology helps improve safety and quality of project delivery by providing real-time data and analysis to project teams so they can act in a timely manner.” Ref [http://www.globalconstructionreview.com/news/bechtel-gets-green-li8g8ht-d8r8o8n8e-e8n8a8b8l8e8d/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=bim_2015-03-11 Global Construction Review 8 April 2015].

Experiments are also underway to see whether construction work itself might be possible with drones, for example, placing objects in difficult to access locations, positioning and fixing cables and so on. However, this is likely to be restricted in the short term by the weight that affordable drones are able to carry.

In August 2015, [http://www.technologyreview.com/news/540836/new-boss-on-construction-sites-is-a-drone/ MIT Technology Review] reported that drones were being used on the construction of the Sacramento Kings’ stadium in California. Drone footage of progress on site was converted into a 3D model that could be compared to digital drawings to identify where progress was behind programme.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D concrete printer
* 3D printer.
* Building information modelling.
* How can drones transform construction processes?
* LIDAR.
* Prefabrication.
* Printing 3D models of buildings.
* Site information.
* Site surveys.
* Surveyor.
* TruVision.
* WikiHouse.

[[Category:Products_/_components]]

Computer aided design CAD

2016-04-01T10:41:45Z

TruVision:

= Introduction =

The term Computer Aided Design (CAD) refers to the use of computers to create graphical representations of physical objects to assist in the design process. It can also refer to the use of computers to prepare presentational images or to prepare production information enabling objects to be manufactured, although sometimes this is referred to as computer aided drafting as it does not necessarily involve designing. In combination, these processes may be referred to as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD).

CAD can be used to create 2D or 3D representations, and can also be used to generate animations and other presentational material. It may allow the addition of supplementary information such as dimensions, descriptions of components, references to specifications and so on.

Specialist CAD software is available for specific purposes, and a wide range of software applications have been developed for use in the design and construction of built assists such as buildings.

= Benefits of CAD =

CAD can be used to help:

* Improve the speed of production.
* Improve the quality of drawn information.
* Reduce development costs.
* Generate visualisations during the design process to help decision making.
* Improve accuracy.
* Reduce errors.
* Enable changes to be made more easily and so facilitate the consideration of a wider range of options.
* Allow drawings to be generated at a wide range of scales, and with the addition of accurate information such as dimensions.
* Allow easy re-use of information.

= Computer aided manufacturing =

The combination of computer aided draughting and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) has allowed computer numerical control (CNC) of highly-automated end-to-end component design and manufacture. Computers can produce files that translate design information into commands to operate machines, singularly or collectively, to perform pre-set sequences of tasks in the production of building components.

See Computer aided manufacturing for more information.

More recently, the range of possibilities has been increased further by the introduction of economically viable 3d printing.

= BIM =

The introduction of building information modelling (BIM) allows further reduction of errors and improvement to the quality of information and can enable the automatic generation of quantities, cost estimates, ordering and tracking information.

BIM is a very broad term that describes the process of creating and managing a digital model of a building or other facility (such as a bridge, highway, tunnel and so on), which includes:

* Level 0: Unmanaged CAD.
* Level 1: Managed CAD in 2D or 3D.
* Level 2: Managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate discipline models.
* Level 3: Single, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and lifecycle management information.

See Building information modelling for more information.

= Common standards and collaborative practices =

Particularly important to the effective use of CAD is the ability to share and re-use information, and this requires the disciplined application of agreed standards of drawing preparation across project teams. This means that the effective use of CAD is as much about collaborative practices as it is about software.

Project standards can be formalised as standard methods and protocols (SMP) which should be agreed as early in the project as possible and should describe how information is structured, how it will be produced and how it will be managed and exchanged.

The SMP might include agreed standards and procedures for:

* Software.
* Layering.
* Zoning.
* Co-ordination
* Origin.
* Orientation.
* Fonts, line types and weights.
* Dimensions, abbreviations and symbols.
* File structure and file naming.
* Standard templates (for example drawing titles).
* Page sizes and scales.
* Permissions and change control procedures.

The great variety in the extent to which CAD and building information modelling can be used on a project means that it is important to clearly define what is expected and to set this out in tender documents and appointment documents.

= Software =

According to the NBS National BIM Report 2015, the most popular drawing tools are:

* Nemetschek Vectorworks 29%
* Autodesk Revit (Architecture/Structures/MEP) 25%
* Autodesk AutoCAD 15%
* Autodesk AutoCAD LT 13%
* Graphisoft ArchiCAD 8%
* Other 7%
* Bentley Microstation 3%
* Bentley Building Suite (Architecture /Mechanical/Electrical/Structural) 1%
* Trimble Sketchup (formerly Google Sketchup) 1%
* Nemetschek Allplan 0%

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Building information modelling (BIM).
* Concept drawing.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie)
* Collaborative practices.
* Computer aided manufacturing.
* Computers in building design.
* Document control.
* Elevations.
* Information and communications technology.
* Geographic information systems.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* TenderSpace.
* TruVision.

=== External references ===

* [http://shop.bsigroup.com/en/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000001464565 BS 1192 Part 5: 1998: 'Construction drawing practice'.]
* [http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26766 ISO 13567: 'Technical product documentation: Organisation and naming of layers for CAD', 'Part 1: Overview and principles' and 'Part 2: Concepts, format and codes used in construction documentation'].

[[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]

3D concrete printer

2016-04-01T10:41:13Z

TruVision:

[[File:Shutterstock_152095514cropped.jpg|link=File:Shutterstock_152095514cropped.jpg]]

The RAF recently publicised their use of metal and 3D printers to manufacture spare parts for their Tornado jets, and in 2013 we were told a rifle was manufactured in the USA that used plastic and 3D printing.

So it should come as no surprise to hear concrete could also be used as a layering medium with 3D printers. The University of California have been ‘[http://www.contourcrafting.org/ contour crafting]’ in concrete to produce small-scale models of the external and internal walls of houses. The researchers under Professor Behrokh Khoshnevis are now testing a giant transportable 3D printer that could be used to build the walls of an entire house in just twenty four hours. Consistency, accuracy and speed could lead to the replacement of a large element of labour-intensive work.

The robotic system requires a flat ground slab with underground services in place. Rails are installed either side of the footprint to take a gantry crane that spans the building. A nozzle, driven by a computer-controlled crafter then delivers the layering of concrete. The layers build up to form an inner and outer skin to each wall, leaving them to be filled later with insulation or concrete.

In November 2014, Skanska and Loughborough University signed a deal to develop what they describe as the world’s first commercial concrete printing robot. Ref [http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2014/11/24/skanska-to-print-3d-concrete-products/ Construction Enquirer, Skanska to print 3D concrete products].

Building information model (BIM) enthusiasts will be watching such developments with great interest as it is a small step to link BIM design to 3D printing. It could offer an answer to accelerating the provision of UK housing without having to mass produce units to the exact same design.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D printing in construction.
* Flying factory.
* Prefabrication.
* Offsite manufacturing.
* TruVision.
* WikiHouse.

=== External references. ===

* [http://www.contourcrafting.org/ Contour Crafting.]
* MSN, [http://innovation.uk.msn.com/design/the-3d-printer-that-can-build-a-house-in-24-hours The 3D printer that can build a house in 24 hours], 20 November 2013
* Discover Magazine, [http://discovermagazine.com/2005/apr/whole-house-machine The Whole House Machine], 28 April 2005.
* [http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2014/11/24/skanska-to-print-3d-concrete-products/ Construction Enquirer, Skanska to print 3D concrete products]. 24 November 2014.

[[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:News]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

TruVision

2016-04-01T10:40:58Z

TruVision:

[[File:Truvision3.png|link=File:Truvision3.png]]

= Introduction =

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created by architects and use state-of-the-art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before it’s built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision1.jpg|link=File:Truvision1.jpg]]

= History =

The company was founded in 2015 by four university graduates, Joe Taylor, Connor Handley-Collins, Lewis Goodall and Gary Roberson. During their time at university they were tasked with creating with a real business plan for a particular module in their final year. It was here that TruVision was born. Nearing the end of the year, the feedback, grades and research showed that the idea was certainly viable, with much potential for the future.

TruVision began shortly after their final piece of work in June 2015. At this stage in the virtual reality timeline, the Oculus Rift was still only at ‘developer kit 2’ and the HTC Vive developer editions had yet to be released, requiring TruVision to face the challenge of creating their own market. TruVision are still in their infancy as the virtual reality market continues to grow.

[[File:Truvision2.jpg|link=File:Truvision2.jpg]]

As claimed by the BBC, 2016 is set to be the year when virtual reality goes from niche to mainstream. With Oculus, who were recently acquired by Facebook for $2bn, among other industry big hitters such as HTC and Samsung releasing consumer versions of their respective virtual reality headsets this year, it is only a matter of time until one can be found in every living room. Recognising this, several industries are beginning to adapt to the new technology, particularly the construction industry.

TruVision currently provides virtual reality for a wide variety of clients including universities, architects, yacht builders, interior designers, property developers and house builders.

= How it works =

Virtual reality takes a blueprint/drawing and transforms it into a 3D model that has life-like textures, animations, furniture and features, all of which work to trick the mind into thinking it is immersed within the space. Through involving a client in their designs with virtual reality, the industry will be able to demonstrate exactly how the structure will feel once built, something which is impossible through the use of 2D blueprints and flat image renderings. Being able to virtually experience a building and its surroundings also enables the industry and their clients to spot any potential issues pre-build, reducing the chance of any costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision4.png|link=File:Truvision4.png]]

Using interactive technology like virtual reality leads to increased levels of interaction with designs. When walking through a building, users can open doors, turn on lights and even make stylistic changes to the interior.

At TruVision, our projects can be developed to allow users to change almost any aspect of the building’s interior design, ranging from kitchen units, wallpaper styles, furniture and much more. Features such as day/night mode are also increasingly popular, allowing the user to experience the project in the day with natural sunlight or at night with artificial light.

You can follow TruVision’s journey by following them on social media.

* [https://www.facebook.com/truvisionvr Facebook]
* [https://twitter.com/TruVisionVR Twitter]
* [https://www.instagram.com/truvisionvr/ Instagram]
* [https://www.linkedin.com/company/truvision-limited LinkedIn]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXiLFSyGjm_z3Lfw9G4q2Sw YouTube]

--[[User:TruVision|TruVision]]

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D concrete printer.
* 3D MOVE: Mobile Immersive Visualisation Environment.
* Big data.
* BIM articles.
* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
* Computer aided design CAD.
* Concept architectural design.
* Construction drones.
* Design programme.
* [[Integrated_modelling,_simulation_and_visualisation_(MSV)_for_sustainable_built_healing_environments_(BHEs)|Integrated modeling, simulation and visualisation (MSV) for sustainable built healing environments (BHEs)]].
* Projections.
* Samples and mock-ups.
* TenderSpace.
* Types of drawings for building design.

External references

* TruVision - [http://www.truvisionvr.com/ Official site]

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

TruVision

2016-04-01T10:40:38Z

TruVision:

[[File:Truvision3.png|link=File:Truvision3.png]]

= Introduction =

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created by architects and use state-of-the-art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before it’s built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision1.jpg|link=File:Truvision1.jpg]]

= History =

The company was founded in 2015 by four university graduates, Joe Taylor, Connor Handley-Collins, Lewis Goodall and Gary Roberson. During their time at university they were tasked with creating with a real business plan for a particular module in their final year. It was here that TruVision was born. Nearing the end of the year, the feedback, grades and research showed that the idea was certainly viable, with much potential for the future.

TruVision began shortly after their final piece of work in June 2015. At this stage in the virtual reality timeline, the Oculus Rift was still only at ‘developer kit 2’ and the HTC Vive developer editions had yet to be released, requiring TruVision to face the challenge of creating their own market. TruVision are still in their infancy as the virtual reality market continues to grow.

[[File:Truvision2.jpg|link=File:Truvision2.jpg]]

As claimed by the BBC, 2016 is set to be the year when virtual reality goes from niche to mainstream. With Oculus, who were recently acquired by Facebook for $2bn, among other industry big hitters such as HTC and Samsung releasing consumer versions of their respective virtual reality headsets this year, it is only a matter of time until one can be found in every living room. Recognising this, several industries are beginning to adapt to the new technology, particularly the construction industry.

TruVision currently provides virtual reality for a wide variety of clients including universities, architects, yacht builders, interior designers, property developers and house builders.

= How it works =

Virtual reality takes a blueprint/drawing and transforms it into a 3D model that has life-like textures, animations, furniture and features, all of which work to trick the mind into thinking it is immersed within the space. Through involving a client in their designs with virtual reality, the industry will be able to demonstrate exactly how the structure will feel once built, something which is impossible through the use of 2D blueprints and flat image renderings. Being able to virtually experience a building and its surroundings also enables the industry and their clients to spot any potential issues pre-build, reducing the chance of any costly post-build alterations.

[[File:Truvision4.png|link=File:Truvision4.png]]

Using interactive technology like virtual reality leads to increased levels of interaction with designs. When walking through a building, users can open doors, turn on lights and even make stylistic changes to the interior.

At TruVision, our projects can be developed to allow users to change almost any aspect of the building’s interior design, ranging from kitchen units, wallpaper styles, furniture and much more. Features such as day/night mode are also increasingly popular, allowing the user to experience the project in the day with natural sunlight or at night with artificial light.

You can follow TruVision’s journey by following them on social media.

* [https://www.facebook.com/truvisionvr Facebook]
* [https://twitter.com/TruVisionVR Twitter]
* [https://www.instagram.com/truvisionvr/ Instagram]
* [https://www.linkedin.com/company/truvision-limited LinkedIn]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXiLFSyGjm_z3Lfw9G4q2Sw YouTube]

--[[User:TruVision|TruVision]]

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* 3D concrete printer.
* 3D MOVE: Mobile Immersive Visualisation Environment.
* Big data.
* BIM articles.
* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
* Computer aided design CAD.
* Concept architectural design.
* Construction drones.
* Design programme.
* [[Integrated_modelling,_simulation_and_visualisation_(MSV)_for_sustainable_built_healing_environments_(BHEs)|Integrated modeling, simulation and visualisation (MSV) for sustainable built healing environments (BHEs)]].
* Projections.
* Samples and mock-ups.
* TenderSpace.
* Types of drawings for building design.

External references

* TruVision - [http://www.truvisionvr.com/ Official site]

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

User:TruVision

2016-04-01T10:40:11Z

TruVision:

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created by architects and use state of the art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before its built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

For more information, see our [[TruVision|dedicated page on Designing Buildings Wiki.]]

User:TruVision

2016-04-01T10:40:00Z

TruVision:

TruVision offers futuristic virtual reality for architecture experiences, allowing you to virtually walk around your new structure or environment prior to its construction. We take models and drawings created byarchitects and use state of the art technology to create fully immersive architectural visualisations and environments designed to be used with virtual reality headsets.

Experiencing a structure in virtual reality allows you to grasp a sense of scale that a flat architectural blueprint or visualisation simply cannot provide. It also gives the opportunity to spot any issues with the structure before its built, avoiding costly post-build alterations.

For more information, see our [[TruVision|dedicated page on Designing Buildings Wiki.]]