Designing Buildings - User contributions [en]

Construction industry acronyms - F

2020-10-22T08:15:43Z

IulianPo:

This article presents a list of construction industry acronyms beginning with 'F'.

For other letters click on the list below:

[[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_A|A]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_B|B]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_C|C]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_D|D]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_E|E]] - F - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_G|G]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_H|H]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_I|I]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_J|J]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_K|K]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_L|L]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_M|M]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_N|N]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_O|O]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_P|P]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Q|Q]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_R|R]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_S|S]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_T|T]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_U|U]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_V|V]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_W|W]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_X|X]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Y|Y]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Z|Z]]

= F =

F&RA - Fire and Rescue Authority

FA - Floor Above

FA - Forms of Appointment

FAAP - Fitzrovia Area Action Plan

FAD - Fresh Air Duct

FAME - Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

FAO - For attention of

FAP - Fire Alarm Panel

FAR - Floor Area Ratio

FARL - Flood attenuation due to reservoirs and lakes

FAS - Fall Arrest System

FAST - Function Analysis System Technique (value management)

FAT - Factory Acceptance Test

FB - Footing Beam

FB - From Below

FBTA - From Below To Above

FC - False Ceiling

FC - Fixing Channel

FC - Flexible Connection

FC - Foot Candle.

FC - TUFLOW Flow constriction layer

FCA - Facility Condition Assessment

FCA - Flood Consequence Assessment

FCI - Facility Condition Index

FC(SP)R - Fire Certificate (Special Premises) Regulations 1976

FCCP - Fire Curtain Control Panel

FCD - field capacity days

FCEC - Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors (dissolved in November 1996 and superseded by the Civil Engineering Contractors Association (CECA))

FCERM - flood and coastal erosion risk management

FCEV - Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

FCL - Finished Ceiling Level

FCRM - Flood & Coastal Risk Management

FCU - Fan Coil Unit

FD - Fire Door

FD - Floor Drain

FDAS - Fire Detection and Alarm Systems

FDC - FLow Duration Course

FDFAS - Fire Detection and Fire Alarm System

FDIS - Final Draft International Standard

FEED - Front End Engineering and Design (contract)

FEES - Fabric Energy Efficiency Standard

FEF - Fire and Emergency File

FEH - Flood Estimation Handbook

FEM - Finite Element Method (simulation techniques)

FER - Fundamental Expenditure Review

FES - Fabric Energy Storage

FETA - Federation of Environmental Trade Associations

FF - Far Face

FF - Floor Finishes (plan)

FF - Fridge Freezer

FF&E / FFE - Furniture Fittings & Equipment

FFC - Flat Flexible Cables

FFI - Fee for Intervention (Health and Safety Executive)

FFL - Finished Floor Level

FFOG - Food, Fats, Oils and Grease

FFP - Filtering Facepieces

FFP - Finished Floor Plan

FFR - Firm Frequency Response

FFU - Fan Filter Unit

FG - Floor Gully

FGL - Finished Ground Level

FH - Fire Hydrant

FIA - Fire Industry Association

FICE - Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers

FIDIC - Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs-Conseils

FIM - Facilities Information Model

FIS - Finishes and Interiors Sector.

FISP - Financial Systems and Payments

FIStructE - Fellow of the Institution of Structural Engineers

FIT - Feed-In Tariff

FIXT - Fixture

FL - Floor Level

FL - Floor Light

FLP - Flameproof

FLR - Floor

FLS - Flygt Leakage Sensor

FLS - Funding for Lending Scheme

FLT - Fork Lift Truck

FM - Facilities Management

FMA - Facilities Management Administrator

FMA - Facilities Management Audit

FMAS - Financial Management Accounting System

FMB - Federation of Master Builders

FMECA - Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis

FMfSW - Flood Map for Surface Water

FMU - Field Management Unit

FND - Foundation

FO - Fibre Optic

FOC - Face of Concrete

FOC - Fibre Optic Cable

FOD - Field Operations Directorate

FOF - Face of Finish

FOG - Fat Oil and Grease

FOG - Flat over Garage

FOPS - Falling Object Protective Structure

FORS - Fleet Operator Recognition Scheme

FOS - Face of Stud

FoS - Factor of Safety

FOU - For official Use

FoV - Field of View

FP - Field Professional

FP - Foamed Polyethylene

FP(W)R - Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997

FPA71 - Fire Precautions Act 1971

FPC - Factory Production Control

FPC - Flat Printed Circuits

FPEXT - Floodplain extent, the fraction of the catchment inundated by a 1 in 100

FPL - Fireplace

FPO - Fire Prevention officer

FPS - Functional Performance Specification

FR - Fire Rated

FR - Fire-Resistant

Fr - Froude number

FRA - Fire and Rescue Authority

FRA - Fire Risk Assessor

FRA - Flood Risk Assessment

FRAP - Flood Risk Activity Permit

FRD - Fire Rated Ductwork

FRe - Flood Resilience (technologies)

FRI - Full Repairing and Insuring (Lease)

FRL - Fibre Reinforced Laminate

FRMP - Flood Risk Management Plan

FRP - Fibre Reinforced Plastic

FRP - Fibre Reinforced Polymer

FRR - The Flood Risk Regulations 2009

FRS - Fire and Rescue Service

FRSD - Fire and Rescue Service Directorate

FS - Fire Strategy (drawing)

FS - Fixing Strap

FS - Fused Spur

FSC - Federal Standard Colour

FSC - Forest Stewardship Council

FSD - Fire and Smoke Damper

FSD - Full Scale Deflection

FSI - Floor Space Index

FSMS - Field Survey Methods and Standards

FSO - Formal Second Opinion

FSO- Fire Safety Officer

FSO - Fire Safety Order

FSR - Filter Self-Rescuer (Mining)

FSR - flood studies report

FSSR - flood studies supplementary report

FSSU - Field Scientific Support Unit Now Field Services Unit

FSU - Field Services Unit

FSU - Floating Storage Unit

FSV - Free Steered Vehicle

FTE - Full-Time Equivalent

FTG - Footing

FTN - Fixed Telecommunications Network

FWH - Flexible Working Hours

FWMA - Flood and Water Management Act

FWR - Functional Work Recording System

FZM - Flood Zone Map (Environment Agency)

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

Construction industry acronyms - A

2020-10-22T08:14:15Z

IulianPo:

This article presents a list of construction industry acronyms beginning with 'A'.

For acronyms beginning with other letters, click on the list below.

A - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_B|B]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_C|C]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_D|D]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_E|E]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_F|F]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_G|G]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_H|H]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_I|I]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_J|J]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_K|K]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_L|L]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_M|M]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_N|N]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_O|O]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_P|P]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Q|Q]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_R|R]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_S|S]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_T|T]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_U|U]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_V|V]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_W|W]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_X|X]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Y|Y]] - [[Construction_industry_acronyms_-_Z|Z]]

= A =

A - Area

A2A - Air-To-Air

A2W - Air-To-Water

AA - Alkali-Activated (binders)

AA - annual average

AABC - Architects Accredited in Building Conservation

AACO - Association of Architectural Conservation Officers

AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic

AAP - Area Action Plan

AAR - annual average rainfall

AAV - Air Admittance Valve (sometimes referred to as a Durgo valve)

AAWT - annual average weekday traffic

AB - Acoustic Brace

AB - Airbrick

AB - Alarm Bell

AB - Anchor Bolt

AB - As Built

ABC - Above Ceiling

ABE - Association of Building Engineers

ABR - Alternative Bars Reversed

ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

AC - Air Conditioning

AC - Alternating Current.

AC - Annual Cost.

AC - Appeal Case

AC - Asbestos cement

AC - asphalt concrete

ACA - Association of Consultant Architects

ACA 3 - Form of Building Agreement

ACAS - Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service

ACASFA - Association of Consultant Architects Standard Form of Agreement CA - Conditions of Appointment

ACD - Accredited Construction Detail

ACE - Association for Consultancy and Engineering

ACFM - Alternating Current Field Measurement

ACSM - Alternating Current Stress Measurement

ACM - Aluminium Composite Material

ACM - Asbestos Containing Materials

ACO - Architectural Conservation Officer

ACS - Average Cold Spell

ACT - Acoustic Ceiling Tile

ACT - Action Counters Terrorism

ACT - Advanced Curtain Walling Technology

ACWP - Actual Cost of Work Performed

AD - Anno Domini

AD - Anaerobic Digestion

AD - Approved Document

AD - Area Drain

AD - Aspirated Detector

ADA - Association of Drainage Authorities

ADCAC - Approval of Details (relating to CAC)

ADFULL - Approval of Details (relating to FULL)

ADH - Adhesive

ADLBC - Approval of Details (relating to LBC)

ADQ - Actual Digital Questions

ADR - Alternative Dispute Resolution

ADS - Area Data Sheets

ADV - Advert Application

AEA - Allowed Enforcement Appeal

AEC - Annual Equivalent Cost.

AEC - Architectural, Engineering and Construction

AECB - Association for Environment Conscious Building

AECO - Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation

AECOO - Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operator

AEDET - Achieving Excellence in Design Evaluation Toolkit (healthcare buildings)

AEP - Annual Exceedance Probability

AES - Afflux Estimation System

AEV - Annual Equivalent Value.

AFF - Above Finished Floor

AFFL - Above Finished Floor Level

AFL - Agreement For Lease

AHERA - Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act

AHU - Air Handling Unit

AHVLA - Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency

AI - Approved Inspector

AI - Architect's Instruction

AIA - Asbestos International Association

AIB - Asbestos Insulation Board

AIL - Abnormal Indivisible Load

AIM - Architectural Information Model

AIM - Asset Information Model

AIOSH - Associate of the Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

AIR - Asset Information Requirements.

ALARP - As Low As Reasonably Practicable

ALB - Arm's Length Body

ALC - Agricultural Land Classification

ALC - Alliance Contract

ALG - Association of London Government

ALGAO - Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers

ALGE - Association of Local Government Ecologists

ALM - Alarm

ALO - Architectural Liaison Officer

ALOS - Average Length of Stay

ALR - All Lane Running (ALR) motorways

ALUM - Aluminium

AM - Additive Manufacturing (3D printing)

AM - Asset Management

AMF - Automatic Mains Failure (detection)

AMF - Above Main Floor

AMIN - Annual Minium Flow

AMP - Agreed Maximum Price

AMP - Asset Management Plan

AMP5 - Asset management plan for the 5-year period 2010-2015

AMT - Automatic Monitoring and Targeting

ANC - Association of Noise Consultants

ANOD - Anodised

ANSI - American National Standards Institute

AOB - Any Other Business

AoC - Attestation of Conformity

AOCTs - Associated Overseas Countries and Territories

AOD - above Ordnance Datum

AoE - Audio over Ethernet

AOM - Asset Optioneering Model

AONB - area of outstanding natural beauty

AoS - appraisal of sustainability

AOV - Automatic Opening Vent

AoV - Angle of View

AP - Access Panel

AP - Accredited Professional (BREEAM)

AP130 - 30-day antecedent precipitation index

APAD - Application for Prior Approval to Demolish

APC - Aminopolycarboxylate

APC - Assessment of Professional Competence

APE - Association of Planning Engineers

APF - Assigned Protection Factor

APF - Assured Performance Framework

API - antecedent precipitation index

APPG - All Party Parliamentary Group

APQP - Advanced Product Quality Planning

APS - Association of Planning Supervisors

APUDG - All Party Urban Development Group

APW - available profile water

APX - Approx.

AQAP - air quality action plan

AQMA - air quality management area

AQMA - Air Quality Management Area

AQMP - Air Quality Management Plan

AQP - Academically Qualified Person

ARB - Architects Registration Board

ARC - Alarm Receiving Centre

ARCA - Asbestos Removal Contractors Association

ARL - Asset Remaining Life

ARPT - Annual Residential Property Tax

ARS - Average Risk Score

AS - Acoustic Sealant

AS - AcouStud

AS - Aspirated Detector

AS - Audio Speaker

ASBA - Association of Self-Build Architects

ASBU - Advanced Social Building Unit

ASC - Above Suspended Ceiling

ASC - Asset support contractor

ASD - Allowable Strength Design

ASD - Aspirated Detector

ASFP - Association for Specialist Fire Protection

ASHP - Air Source Heat Pump

ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers

ASI - Architect and Surveying Institute

ASL - advanced stop line

ASLIC - Asbestos (Licensing) Regulations

ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASP - Application service provider

ASR - Aquifer storage and recovery

AST - Assured Shorthold Tenancy.

ASTM - ASTM International (originally American Society for Testing and Materials).

AStSWF - area susceptible to surface water flooding

ASZ - archaeological sub-zone

ATC - automatic traffic count

ATC - Assessment of Technical Competence

ATC - Automatic Temperature Control

ATD - Above Tunnel Datum

ATE - Actual Time Expended

ATH - Aluminium Trihydrate

ATO - accumulated temperature above 0°C

ATP - Acceptance Test Protocol/Acceptance To Proceed

ATS - Aerobic Treatment System

ATS - Automatic Transfer Switch

AURN - Automatic Urban and Rural Network

AV - Air Vent

AV - Audio Visual (equipment)

AVCL - Air and Vapour Control Layer

AVH - AV Hub

AVS - Automated vendor selection

AWC - available water capacity

AWS - Automatic warning system

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

Quality assurance

2020-10-20T15:04:54Z

IulianPo:

= Introduction =

Quality assurance (QA) is a way of preventing mistakes or defects in manufactured products and avoiding problems when delivering solutions or services to customers; which ISO 9000 defines as "part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled".[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_assurance#cite_note-1 []1] This defect prevention in quality assurance differs subtly from defect detection and rejection in quality control, and has been referred to as a shift left as it focuses on quality earlier in the process.[2]

Quality assurance comprises administrative and procedural activities implemented in a quality system so that requirements and goals for a product, service or activity will be fulfilled.[3] It is the systematic measurement, comparison with a standard, monitoring of processes and an associated feedback loop that confers error prevention.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_assurance#cite_note-4 []4] This can be contrasted with quality control, which is focused on process output.

Two principles included in quality assurance are: "Fit for purpose" (the product should be suitable for the intended purpose); and "right first time" (mistakes should be eliminated). QA includes management of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management, production and inspection processes.

Suitable quality is determined by product users, clients or customers, not by society in general. It is not related to cost, and adjectives or descriptors such as "high" and "poor" are not applicable. For example, a low priced product may be viewed as having high quality because it is disposable, whereas another may be viewed as having poor quality because it is not disposable.

= QA Aims =

The aims of QA are the standardisation and auditing processes to help ensure that products and services meet client expectations, that work is done right the first time, and that a culture of continuous improvements is introduced, all of which give added value to the product and associated benefits to the office in terms of reaping economic gain. A QA system can give structure to and demonstrate compliance with statutory legal requirements, such as CDM and health and safety.

== Quality management system QMS ==

* To demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and regulatory requirements
* process + procedure related to running projects and practice
* Can appoint QM consultant

== Tools ==

* Office manual
* Knowledge management (CPDs)
* Risk management
* Auditing
* Induction process
* ISO accredited Standards

== Office Manual ==

* Outlines how the firm works
* The company
* HR policies
* The office
* Appointment & project process - filing - quality plan/ review process

== Quality management system requirements ==

* Small -10: min to have RIBA project quality plan for each project
* Medium 11-50: Reg to use full RIBA project QM+ procedures on all projects
* Large 51+: Fully ISO9001 accredited

= Relevant ISO Standards =

== ISO9000 ==

The ISO 9000 family addresses various aspects of quality management and contains some of ISO’s best known standards. The standards provide guidance and tools for companies and organizations who want to ensure that their products and services consistently meet customer’s requirements, and that quality is consistently improved.

Assure client of quality and efficiency of practice

ISO 9001 - Quality Management - Sets out requirements of a QMS to ensure meet needs of customers and other stakeholders

ISO 14001 - Environmental Management

== ISO9001 ==

An accredited standard that proves a companies ability to consistently provide products and services that meet the needs of their customers.

It should include:

* Office manual - outlines QMS
* Procedures - how will meet requirements
* instructions - how tasks and functions should be performed.

Benefits

* Meet certain criteria to be accredited externally
* more competitive in the market - seen as reliable, efficient
* helps meet customer needs
* efficient working
* improved operational performance - cut errors, increase profits
* better customer services - win more work
* ensures always improving

8 Principles:

# Customer focused - meeting/ exceeding client requirements
# Leadership - clear leadership = clear direction + purpose
# Involvement of all - most efficient way through making all feel part of the process.
# Ensure process approach - Process more effective than all in. focus on small aspects + increasing quality.
# Systematic approach to management - manage multiple processes as a system to increase efficiency
# Continual Improvement - ISO 9001 ensures standards are high, efficient and productive contributing to continual improvement of practice.
# Factual approach to decisions - Base on prior experience and knowledge, more effective
# Mutually beneficial supplier relations - strong relationships can enhance productivity + encourage seamless working practices.

Sections and content:

* Section 1—scope: specifies that the organization needs to meet customer and regulatory requirements and ensure its employees follow its policies and procedures while advancing quality through continual improvement.
* Section 2—normative reference: provides normative references—those that conform to ISO 9000’s related norms—to constitute the terms of ISO 9001.
* Section 3—terms and definitions: defines the terms used in the standard and highlights the differences between the 2000 version and the 1994 version.
* Section 4—quality management system: describes the standard’s general requirements, which encompass all activities from quality manual documentation and control of documents and records to determining the sequence and interaction of the processes to implementing actions to achieve planned results.
* Section 5—management responsibility: requires management’s commitment to the QMS and explains that management must be dedicated to the organization’s products, customers and planning and review processes.
* Section 6—resource management: provides the criteria needed to perform a job competently and in a safe environment. Human resources, infrastructure planning and work environment are discussed in this section.
* Section 7—product realisation: defines the steps in product development. These steps include everything from the initial design phase to the final delivery phase. For example: product realisation planning, customer related processes, design and development, the product purchasing process, production and service provisions and the control of monitoring and measuring devices.
* Section 8—measurement, analysis and improvement: focuses on measuring, analyzing and improving the QMS by having companies perform periodical internal audits, monitor customer satisfaction, control nonconforming product, analyze data and take corrective and preventive actions.

= ISO14001 =

A standard showing ongoing commitment to meet environmental operating standards.

3 fundamental commitments:

* Prevent pollution
* Comply with legislation
* Continual improvement of EMS

Benefits:

* Cost saving + improved profitability
* Improve the environment
* Ensure compliance with legislation
* Reduce the risk of fines for non-compliance
* Brand image + advantage over others when tendering

= Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) =

The [https://www.ciria.org/Memberships/The_SuDs_Manual_C753_Chapters.aspx SuDS Manual] published by CIRIA in 2015 defines construction quality assurance (CQA) as: ‘A documented management system designed to provide adequate confidence that items or services meet contractual requirements and will perform adequately in service. CQA usually includes inspection and testing of installed components and recording the results.’

{{:CQI_CTA_setup|Article}}

= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

* Benchmarking.
* Concept architectural design checklist.
* Design quality for buildings.
* Design review.
* Design risk management.
* Digital quality management in construction.
* Key performance indicators.
* Independent client advisers.
* Project quality plan.
* Quality control.
* OGC.
* Quality in construction projects.
* Quality management systems (QMS) - beyond the documentation.
* Quality manuals and quality plans.
* Third party accreditation.
* Value management.

= External references =

# ISO 9000:2005, Clause 3.2.11.
# Larry, Smith (2001). [http://www.drdobbs.com/shift-left-testing/184404768 "Shift-Left Testing"].
# [http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/quality-assurance-quality-control/overview/overview.html ASQ Definition].
# The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing_Accountability_Standards_Board Marketing Accountability Standards Board] (MASB) endorses this definition as part of its ongoing [http://www.commonlanguage.wikispaces.net/ Common Language in Marketing Project].
# [http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/history-of-quality/overview/overview.html ASQ – History of Quality]. Accessed 17 November 2014.
# Evans, James R. (1994) Introduction to Statistical Process Control, Fundamentals of Statistical Process Control, pp 1–13.
# www.nctr.usf.edu/jpt/pdf/JPT%208-2%20Smith_Chaudhry.pdf.
# [http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/statistical-process-control/overview/overview.html Statistical Process Control (SPC) – ASQ].
# Thareja, Mannu; Thareja, Priyavrat (February 2007). [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1498550 "The Quality Brilliance Through Brilliant People"]. Quality World 4 (2). Retrieved 2010-01-11.
# [http://www.slideshare.net/spartasystems/managing-quality-across-the-enterprise "Managing Quality Across the Enterprise: Enterprise Quality Management Solution for Medical Device Companies"]. Sparta Systems. 2015-02-02.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]]