Designing Buildings - User contributions [en]

File:3d-bim-services-in-uk.png

2023-06-13T13:19:32Z

Cresire:

Facilities management

2023-06-13T12:34:35Z

Cresire:

In 2006, European countries agreed to define facilities management (FM) as the ‘integration of processes within an organisation to maintain and develop the agreed services which support and improve the effectiveness of its primary activities’. Ref EN15221-1: 2006 Facility Management – Part 1: Terms and definitions.

FM is concerned with the management of facilities in the built environment at both a strategic and a day-to-day level to deliver operational objectives and to maintain a safe and efficient environment.

Whilst there has always been a need for facilities management, it has emerged, developed and grown as a profession in recent years, partly as a result of the increasing rate of change required in the built environment, but also due the trend for outsourcing services, and the introduction of procurement routes that include operation and maintenance in integrated supply contracts.

[https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/6d-bim-modeling-services/ Facilities management services] can be provided by:

* In-house facilities management departments.
* FM contractors, sometimes offering a fixed price and so taking the risk of facilities management from the client.
* Managing agents.
* Multi-service companies providing full or partial services.
* Special purpose vehicles delivering design, build and operate, or design, build, finance and operate contracts such as the private finance initiative (PFI).

However it is provided, it is vital that facilities management is seen as an integral part of the strategic thinking and day-to-day operation of businesses, and not as an add on. Even where facilities management is out-sourced, FM contractors must be embedded in the client organisation with their service provision aligned to the client’s strategic objectives.

Facilities management is an interdisciplinary activity that can include:

* Estates strategies.
* Asset management.
* Space management.
* Masterplanning.
* Acquisitions and sales.
* The provision of infrastructure and information and communications technology.
* Maintenance, cleaning, testing and inspection.
* Refurbishment, retrofitting and renovation.
* Enabling changes in working practices.
* Delivering new technology.
* Brand management.
* Rationalisation of services and assets.
* Ensuring business continuity.
* Ensuring safety and security and establishing emergency procedures.
* Traffic, transport and parking.
* Budget management.
* Asset exploitation and income generation.
* Performance and usage assessment, optimisation and improvement.
* Sustainability.
* Procurement and project management.
* Contract management.
* Regulatory compliance and liaison with the local authority and emergency services.
* Quality assessment.
* Help desk and other support services.
* Mechanical electrical and plumbing ([https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/mep-bim-modeling-services/ MEP services]) and technical services.

The recent emergence of building information modelling (BIM) requires FM input during inception to ensure that the information generated during the design and construction phases is appropriate for operational needs and asset management (that is the development of the project information model into an appropriate asset information model that can be used to assist facilities management).

Computer Aided Facilities Management (CAFM) software can be used to help manage property portfolios and ensure that they are operated optimally.

Training and qualification programmes exist for facilities managers, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes. [https://www.iwfm.org.uk/ The Institute of Workplace and Facilities Management (IWFM)] - formerly the British Institute of Facilities Management - was established in 1993 to promote excellence in facilities management and to provide qualifications and training.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* Asset information model.
* Asset management.
* BIM and facilities management.
* Bird deterrent programmes.
* BOMA International.
* BS 8210:2020 facilities maintenance management code of practice.
* BS EN 15221.
* BSRIA Noise in the built environment TG 20/2021.
* BSRIA updates Handover and O&M manuals.
* Building information modelling.
* Building manager.
* Building services and health risk resilient buildings.
* Computer aided facilities management.
* Computerised managed maintenance system CMMS.
* Creating an asset register for construction projects.
* Design, build, finance, maintain DBFM.
* Enterprise asset management.
* Experience Exchange Report EER.
* Facade maintenance.
* Facilities management audit FMA.
* Facility condition assessment FCA.
* Facility condition index FCI.
* Facility Management Technology
* Facility procurement standards.
* FM Navigate.
* Hard facilities management.
* Insourcing.
* ISO 41001:2018.
* Institute of Workplace and Facilities Management IWFM.
* Maintenance.
* Maintenance contracts - a guide to best practice for procurement.
* Maintenance Repair Operations MRO.
* Move management.
* NEC4 Facilities Management Contract.
* Operation, maintenance and training (OMT).
* Operational costs.
* Products as a Service PaaS.
* Property factor.
* Property management.
* Reliability centred maintenance.
* Requirements management.
* SAGE EMG guidance on ventilation and COVID-19.
* Site administrator.
* Soft facilities management.
* Software as a Service SaaS.
* Statutory Compliance Inspection Checklist.
* Sustainability in facility management.
* Vendor Managed Inventory VMI.
* Vested outsourcing.
* Work order management system.

= External references =

* EN15221-1: 2006 Facility Management – Part 1: Terms and definitions.
* [https://www.iwfm.org.uk/ The Institute of Workplace and Facilities Management] (IWFM) - formerly the British Institute of Facilities Management.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Operations]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]] [[Category:People]]

Cost information

2023-06-13T12:30:58Z

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[[File:Saving-money-piggy.jpg|link=File:Saving-money-piggy.jpg]]

In the construction industry the term ‘cost’ generally refers to the amount that has to (or will have to) be paid to receive goods or services. Different types of cost include capital costs, construction costs, operational costs, whole-life costs, environmental costs, social costs and so on.

[https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/5d-bim-construction-cost-estimation-services/ Cost information] is an important element across several activities that are involved in cost engineering (the practice of managing costs involved on a construction project), such as cost control, budgeting, forecasting, estimating, investment appraisal and risk analysis. It is also used to help measure profit margins, value assets and make decisions.

The type of cost information will depend on the particular type of costs that are being managed.

In relation to construction costs, cost information can be used to help set prices, which are typically the actual cost plus a percentage to allow for profit.

In the context of estimating construction or capital costs, cost information should be aligned with the project budget and can be set out in cost plans. These are generally prepared by cost consultants (often quantity surveyors) and evolve through the life of the project, developing in detail and accuracy as more information becomes available about the nature of the design, and then actual prices are provided by specialist contractors, contractors and suppliers.

Types of cost plan include:

* Initial cost appraisal (studies of options prepared during the feasibility study stage).
* Elemental cost plan (prepared during the project brief stage and carried through to detailed design).
* Approximate quantities cost plan (from the end of detailed design through to tender).
* Pre-tender estimate (prepared alongside tender documentation).
* Tender pricing document (strictly speaking this is not a priced document, but is part of the tender documentation issued to the contractor for pricing).
* Contract sum (agreed with the contractor during the tender period and adjusted during the construction period).
* Contract sum analysis (a break down of the contract sum prepared by the contractor on design and build projects).
* Final account (agreed during the defects liability period).

For more information see: Cost plan.

Cost reporting is the process of providing a client (or other party) with information about the magnitude of a project’s predicted, or actual cost. This can be expressed either in absolute terms or as a variance compared to the project budget. Cost reports are typically prepared by a cost consultant (such as a quantity surveyor) and updated regularly (perhaps monthly), to keep the client informed and to help them and the project team control costs.

BCIS is the Building Cost Information Service of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS). Cost and price information is collected by BCIS from across the UK construction industry, then collated, analysed, modelled, interpreted and made available to the industry to facilitate accurate cost planning.

For more information see: BCIS

NB The [https://www.ribaplanofwork.com/Help/Glossary.aspx RIBA Plan of Work 2013] defines cost information as: 'All of the project costs, including the cost estimate and life cycle costs where required.'

= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

* BCIS.
* BCIS elements.
* Bills of quantities.
* Business plan.
* Cost.
* Cost control.
* Cost engineering.
* Cost plans.
* Cost reports.
* Direct cost.
* Elemental cost plan.
* Estimate.
* Initial cost appraisal.
* Overheads.
* Price.
* Spon's Price Book.
* Whole-life costs.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Cost_/_business_planning]] [[Category:Procurement]]

Building Information Modelling BIM

2023-06-13T12:28:45Z

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[[File:BIM_guide_600.jpg|link=Step-by-step_guide_to_using_BIM_on_projects]]

= What is building information modelling? =

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process for specifying, creating, and managing digital information about a built asset such as a building, bridge, highway or tunnel.

Fundamentally, the purpose of BIM is to ensure that appropriate information is created in a suitable format at the right time so that better decisions can be made throughout the design, construction and operation of built assets. It is not about creating a 3D model for its own sake, and it is not an add-on process. BIM is fundamental to the way a project is set up and run.

= How is building information modelling defined? =

ISO 19650:2019 defines BIM as the: 'Use of a shared digital representation of a built asset to facilitate design, construction and operation processes to form a reliable basis for decisions.'

[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/transforming-infrastructure-performance-roadmap-to-2030/transforming-infrastructure-performance-roadmap-to-2030#action-plan Transforming Infrastructure Performance: Roadmap to 2030], Published by the Infrastructure and Projects Authority 13 September 2021, defines BIM as: ‘…a combination of process, standards and technology through which it is possible to generate, visualise, exchange, assure and subsequently use and re-use information, including data, to form a trustworthy foundation for decision-making to the benefit of all those involved in any part of an asset’s lifecycle. This includes inception, capital phase procurement and delivery, asset and facility management, maintenance, refurbishment, and ultimately an asset’s disposal or re-use.’

= What is government policy on building information modelling? =

In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy published in May 2011, stated that the '...government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This represented a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects from April 2016 where:

* Level 0: represented unmanaged CAD (Computer Aided Design).
* Level 1: represented managed CAD in 2D or 3D.
* Level 2: represented managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate discipline models.
* Level 3: represented single, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and life-cycle management information.

BIM Level 2 was superseded by the UK BIM Framework in 2018.

The UK BIM Framework sets out the overarching approach to implementing [[Building_Information_Modelling|BIM]] in the UK. It was developed jointly by the [[UK_BIM_Alliance|UK BIM Alliance]], [[British_Standards_Institution|BSI]] and the [[Centre_for_Digital_Built_Britain|Centre for Digital Built Britain]] to implement international BIM standards within a UK context.

The UK BIM Framework includes:

* The published standards called upon to implement BIM in the UK.
* The UK BIM Guidance Framework.
* Useful links to other resources.

= What are the benefits of adopting building information modelling? =

NBS has suggested that adopting BIM can cost a practice £10,000 per workstation (ref. NBS: [http://www.thenbs.com/pdfs/NBS-NationalBIMReport12.pdf National BIM report 2012]). However, this depends on whether implementation is simply an exercise in buying hardware and software and then training staff to use it, or whether it is part of a wider process of business change.

The justification for this cost is in the value that adopting BIM brings to a project throughout its life-cycle.

The BIM Task Group was created to strengthen the public sector's BIM capability and provide the information the industry needed to meet the government's BIM requirement. It suggested that '...if successfully implemented, (BIM) will help organisations strip the waste from their processes which in many cases could be in the bandwidth of 20-30%' (ref. BIM Task Group FAQ's).

= Has the construction industry adopted building information modelling? =

The requirement for the adoption of BIM in the public sector has led to an increase in uptake, meaning that the UK now ranks alongside Singapore, USA and Scandinavia (in particular Finland) in terms of BIM usage. Adoption of BIM in the UK is most common among architects and larger contractors, while there is less adoption by services engineers, facilities managers and smaller contractors.

The [http://www.thenbs.com/pdfs/NBS-NationalBIMReport12.pdf 2012 NBS BIM survey] found that 31% of respondents were using BIM. By the [https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/national-bim-report-2020 2020 survey], this had increased to 73%.

However, the 2017 [http://www.constructionmanagermagazine.com/agenda/cms-bi5m-survey-2017-re4sults-ana8lysed/ Construction Manager BIM survey] revealed 49% of clients did not make BIM a requirement on projects, and only 20% said they asked for BIM Level 2 on all projects, and a survey of 173 manufacturers published by NBS in conjunction with the Construction Products Association (CPA) in November 2017, found that more than half felt the BIM mandate had not been successful because of a lack of rigorous enforcement. (ref. [https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/nbs-manufacturers-bim-report-2017 https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/nbs-manufacturers-bim-report-2017]).

In May 2018, the NBS 2018 National BIM Report found that 62% did not think the government was enforcing the BIM mandate. Ref [https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/the-national-bim-report-2018 https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/the-national-bim-report-2018]

The 2019, the NBS National BIM Report found that 69% of respondents were aware of and using BIM. However, the report suggested there was an emerging two-speed industry, and that there was a fall in awareness of government activity. [https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/national-bim-report-2019 https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/national-bim-report-2019]

= What are the characteristics of BIM? =

BIM centres around the creation of employer's information requirements (EIR), which define the information that the employer wishes to procure in order to develop and operate a built asset. Setting this out in a contract document ensures that appropriate information is created in a suitable format at the right time.

Very broadly, building information that might be required is categorised as:

* 2D.
* 3D.
* [https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/4d-bim-construction-scheduling-simulation-services/ 4D] (including time / programme information).
* [https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/5d-bim-construction-cost-estimation-services/ 5D] (including cost information).
* [https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/6d-bim-modeling-services/ 6D] (including facilities management information).

For more information see: BIM dimensions.

At level 2 (the standard set by the government as a minimum requirement for public sector projects), building information models are likely to comprise a series of federated models prepared by different design teams, and including model files, documents and structured data files containing non-geometric information about the facility, floors, spaces, systems and components. Together these create a digital replica of the built asset that starts early in the project by representing design intent, but by handover, reflects what has actually been built and installed.

The creation of a geometric model as part of this process allows buildings to be conceived collaboratively and tested virtually, before they are built and operated for real. This should reduce the problems that are encountered in construction and occupation. See clash avoidance for more information.

These models are created from a series of parametric objects. Each object is defined only once and then placed in the model in multiple locations as required. If the object is then changed, these changes will appear throughout the model. This makes models automatically consistent and reduces errors. See parametric modelling for more information.

The common data environment (CDE), is the single source of information for the project, used to collect, manage and disseminate documentation, the graphical model and non-graphical data for the whole project team. Creating this single source of information facilitates collaboration between project team members and helps avoid duplication and mistakes.

= What is the most popular building information modelling software? =

According to the [https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/national-bim-report-2020 NBS National BIM Report 2020], the 5 most popular design tools used in the construction industry are:

* Autodesk Revit – (Architecture / Structures / MEP) 50%
* Graphisoft ArchiCAD 16%
* Autodesk AutoCAD 13%
* Autodesk AutoCAD LT 7%
* Vectorworks 4%

= Protocols standards and tools =

A number of reference protocols, standards and tools have been created in the UK to help the industry adopt level 2 BIM, including:

* PAS 1192-2 Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling. (Now replaced by BS EN ISO 19650).
* PAS 1192-3 Specification for information management for the operational phase of construction projects using building information modelling.
* BS EN ISO 19650. Organisation of information about construction works - information management using building information modelling.
* CIC BIM Protocol. This establishes specific obligations, liabilities and limitations on the use of building information models and can be adopted by clients to mandate particular working practices. It can be incorporated into appointments or contracts by a model enabling amendment.
* Uniclass2015. A classification system that can be used to organise information throughout all aspects of the design and construction process.
* Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). The standard data format facilitating interoperability between different software systems.
* COBie (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange). A spreadsheet data format for the publication of a subset of building model information focused on delivering building information (rather than geometric modelling), such as equipment lists, product data sheets, warranties, spare parts lists and preventive maintenance schedules. COBie presents information in a more accessible format, so that it is easier to use and re-purpose. This is essential to support operations, maintenance and asset management once the built asset is in service.
* BIM Toolkit. Developed by NBS, and offering a Digital Plan of Work to help define roles and responsibilities for preparing information and a verification tool to identify correctly classified objects and confirm that required data is present in the model.

{{:CIOB_CTA_setup|Blockchain}}

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* Asset information requirements AIR.
* Blockchain in the built environment.
* BIM 2018-2026 market predictions.
* BIM and facilities management.
* BIM articles.
* BIM dimensions.
* BIM execution plan.
* BIM glossary of terms.
* BIM level 2.
* BIM maturity levels.
* BIM resources.
* Building drawing software.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie).
* Collaborative practices.
* Common data environment.
* Data drops..
* Digital engineering.
* Digital information.
* Digital model.
* Employers information requirements.
* Enterprise asset management.
* Federated building information model.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* Government Soft Landings.
* Improving health and safety using BIM.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* Information management.
* Information manager.
* Level of detail.
* MEP BIM and the building lifecycle.
* NBS Chorus.
* NBS National BIM Report 2020.
* PAS 1192-2:2013.
* PAS 1192-3:2014.
* Revit.
* Soft landings.
* Uniclass.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Policy]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Policy]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Public_procedures]] [[Category:BIM]]

Project manager

2023-06-13T12:23:02Z

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{|
| [[File:PM_graphic.jpg|link=File:PM_graphic.jpg]]
|}

= What is a project manager? =

A project manager (sometimes referred to as a promoter's manager or project director) is a specialist advisor that represents the client, or sometimes an employer, in the day-to-day management of a project. They seldom participate directly in activities that produce the end result but rather maintain progress and facilitate interaction and collaboration in the project team so as to reduce the risk of failure, maximise benefits and control cost.

The project manager should be appointed as early as possible in the development of the project so that they can ensure the correct structure and systems are in place from the outset.

Experienced clients may have their own in-house project managers, but If an external project manager is appointed, they function most effectively when they operate as if they were part of the client or employer organisation rather than as part of the consultant team. This allows them to issue instructions and review progress as if they were the client. During the briefing process however the project manager should allow the consultant team direct access to the client and user panels without interference.

On publicly-funded projects, a project manager might be appointed from the private sector, or an experienced project sponsor might act as project manager. The Office of Government Commerce (OGC) guidance described the project manager as: '...the named individual (often from the private sector) responsible for the day-today detailed management of the project and who provides the interface between the project sponsor and the supplier members of the project team. (Ref. [http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100503135839/http://www.ogc.gov.uk/documents/CP0062AEGuide2.pdf Achieving Excellence in Construction Procurement Guide: Project organisation, roles and responsibilities.])

= The history of project managers =

Project management has existed as a function for thousands of years, but it was in the USA in the 1950s that project management began to emerge as a formal role. This was the period when processes such as the program evaluation review technique (PERT), and the critical path method (CPM) became increasingly popular as the benefits of [https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/bim-project-management structured project management] became apparent.

The International Project Management Association and the Project Management Institute were established in the 1960’s, and the Association for Project Management (APM) was created in the UK in 1972.

The role has evolved considerably with the development of computers and digital project control systems, and as projects have become more complex, so the prominence of project managers has increased, both as overall managers of projects, but also within individual organisations such as client and contracting organisations, and as managers of parts of projects.

= What are the main roles of a project manager? =

The main roles of a project manager include:

* Heling the client develop their preliminary business case and initial strategic brief.
* Advising on the selection and appointment of the consultant team (and perhaps managing the appointment process).
* Helping the client organise themselves and identify the roles and responsibilities of client representatives, champions and user panels.
* Issuing information and instructions on behalf of the client.
* Developing a project execution plan, including selection of a procurement route and forms of contract.
* Contributing to risk management exercises.
* Contributing to value management exercises.
* Contributing to design reviews.
* Advising on the selection of contractors.
* Validating payments.
* Overseeing change control procedures.
* Advising on disputes.
* Monitoring and assessing overall client programmes and cost plans (which may include items beyond the scope of the main contract or consultant's appointments).
* Advising on the transition from construction to occupation.
* Reporting to the client.

= What characteristics should a project manager have? =

The success of a project manager is generally reliant on the effectiveness of the specific individual appointed rather that the reputation of the company they work for. It i important therefore that the individual selected is named in appointment documents and that they cannot be substituted without the agreement of the client.

The required characteristics of an effective project manager are:

* An ability to solve problems with intellectual rigour.
* Energy coupled with the ability to inspire others.
* Confident leadership and communication skills.
* The ability ti see the whole picture.
* Good negotiating skills.
* Understanding how to collaborate.

= Where does a project manager fit in the project organisation? =

The position of the project manager within the overall project organisation is illustrated below:

[[File:Project_organisation.JPG|link=File:Project_organisation.JPG]]

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* APM articles.
* Client design advisor.
* Code of practice for project management.
* Code of practice for programme management.
* Commercial management.
* Commercial manager.
* Construction project manager - morning tasks.
* David Trench - A career in projects.
* Design management.
* Dynamic conditions for project success.
* Independent client advisor.
* Interview with Paloma Hermoso, Senior Project Manager CIOB MAPM, Baker Ruff Hannon.
* Interview with Stephen Trench - Project manager.
* Lead consultant.
* Lead designer.
* Project manager's report.
* Project sponsor.

= External references =

* [http://www.apm.org.uk Association for Project Management].
* PACE [http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100503135839/http://www.ogc.gov.uk/documents/PACE_-_GACC.pdf Guidance on the Appointment of Contractors and Consultants] P533 and 74.
* OGC AE5:[http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100503135839/http://www.ogc.gov.uk/documents/CP0062AEGuide2.pdf The integrated project team] for details of OGC project manager role.
* [https://www.projectcubicle.com/skills-needed-for-project-managers/ Skills Needed For Project Managers]

[[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Scan to BIM: Enhancing Building Information Modeling with 3D Laser Scanning

2023-06-13T12:18:05Z

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= Introduction =

Scan to BIM (Building Information Modelling) is a process that involves the use of 3D laser scanning technology to create accurate as-built models of buildings or structures. The resulting models are used in construction, engineering, and architectural projects to enhance decision-making, project management, and coordination of different disciplines.

[[File:Scan-to-bim-project-mars-trans-usa.jpg|link=File:Scan-to-bim-project-mars-trans-usa.jpg]]

= The Process =

[[File:Scan-to-bim-process.jpg|link=File:Scan-to-bim-process.jpg]]

* The quality and accuracy of the point cloud data obtained through laser scanning can be affected by several factors, such as the type and quality of the scanner, the scanner's location and orientation, and the complexity of the building or structure being scanned.
* Point cloud data processing into a 3D model involves various techniques such as filtering, registration, and meshing. These techniques help to eliminate noise and unwanted data and produce a more accurate and realistic model.
* The [https://marsbiminternational.com/bim/3d-modeling.html 3D BIM modeling] can be done using different softwares, such as Autodesk Revit, Bentley MicroStation, and Trimble SketchUp. The choice of software depends on factors such as the project requirements, the level of detail needed, and the expertise of the users.

= Advantages =

* Scan to BIM allows for the creation of detailed and accurate as-built models that can be used to identify clashes, conflicts, and interferences among various building systems, such as HVAC, electrical, and plumbing. This helps to prevent delays and rework during the construction phase.
* [https://marsbiminternational.com/bim/scan-to-bim.html Point Cloud to BIM] can also be used to identify and mitigate safety hazards, such as the presence of asbestos, mold, or other hazardous materials, by providing detailed information on the building's components and systems.
* [https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/point-cloud-scan-to-bim-modeling-services/ Scan to BIM] can help to improve the overall sustainability of a building project by enabling designers and architects to optimize the use of resources and materials, reduce waste and energy consumption, and minimize the environmental impact of the building.

= Applications =

* Scan to BIM can be used to facilitate the restoration and preservation of historical or heritage buildings, by providing accurate and detailed information on the building's structure and components.
* Scan to BIM can be used to support the maintenance and repair of existing buildings, by providing information on the condition and performance of the building's systems and components.
* Scan to BIM can also be used to support the development of smart cities and buildings, by providing real-time information on the building's performance and energy consumption, and facilitating the integration of various building systems and technologies.

Scan to BIM is a powerful technology that has revolutionized the way that as-built models are created and used in the construction industry. It offers a range of benefits that can help to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and sustainability of building projects. As technology continues to evolve, it is expected to become an increasingly important tool for architects, engineers, and construction professionals.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* 6 Uses of 3D Laser Scanning in Construction Project.
* Asset information requirements AIR.
* Building information modelling BIM
* BIM dimensions.
* BIM resources.
* Building drawing software.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie).
* Common data environment.
* Construction site investigation methods.
* Digital technology in the historic environment.
* Data drops..
* Digital information.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* Laser scanning for building design and construction.
* Uniclass.

[[Category:Education]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]] [[Category:BIM]]

Revit families

2023-06-13T12:11:54Z

Cresire:

= Introduction =

Revit Family creation can be part of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) life cycle.

'Components' that are developed during the process of creating a virtual construction model are known as 'BIM components'. Since Revit is one of the most popularly used software in BIM modelling, they are sometimes known as 'Revit Families'.

This article looks at how the families are created and used based on the project requirements.

BIM family creation can be performed using the 'Revit family editor tool'. The components can be created without a lot of restrictions and utilisation of parameters become easier with the help of the family editor utility. People using Revit for the first time can easily use this tool to create a seamless user interface. In order to understand the functionalities of this tool, we will need to understand the overall '[https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/bim-revit-family-creation-services/ Revit Family Creation]' process.

Any BIM model developed in 3D actually comprises a group of 'Revit Families'. Each and every element that we develop is actually a part of the BIM family or library. They are small components or bigger components bifurcated into different categories. These categories cannot be modified or changed as they are pre-defined. These categories can be defined by discipline within the Revit software. The families will be defined as elements within these categories. They can be walls, doors, windows and so on with different variations like a single door, double door, etc. There are three types of families:

= System Family or default families =

System families are the families that are in-built in the Revit software. These families cannot be edited or modified as they are pre-set within the software. These families are system built and cannot be used for multiple user interface or models. The system families cannot be deleted from the software. These families are used for developing basic 3D models where we need to only show the placements.

Though system families have different properties or features, basic root characteristics remain same.

= Loadable families =

Loadable families are one of the most commonly-used for BIM modelling. These families can be created independently of any specific user interface or model requirement. They can be used in different user interfaces, many other models with similar setups and can also be sold as individual families to manufacturers or product design companies.

Loadable Revit families are also known as component families. BIM engineers or Revit Family Creation Services providers can create, edit or delete the families. They can also assign parameters so that the family can adjust itself based on the user interface or model requirement. It is easy to customise the loadable families using a family editor.

Loadable families can be nested and parametric in nature. It is possible to add restraints and parameters based on requirements. The Revit families can have variations with each family. These family types can be added later in the project with the help of family editors.

Parameters that control the appearance of a particular family can be added. Some of the parameters are dimensions, instances, materials, visibility, etc. When a family is inserted and loaded on to a model the user can modify the family to suit the overall project environment. This is one of the most prominent features available in Revit. You can use the family editor feature to ease the utilisation of BIM content or families.

= In Place families =

In Place families is a family type that is similar to loadable families, however, there is one major difference. In Place families cannot be created or used as standalone families. However, these families can be developed, edited and placed within a model that the in place family is hosted in. There will not be any separate .RFA file created while working on in place families.

In Place families are easier to create and can serve the purpose efficiently if the model is unique and specific in nature. If you are sure of not utilising the families in any other project in-place families are a better option than system or default families. You can create Revit families like walls, doors, windows, roofs, etc. using In Place families.

= Nested families =

Nested families are used when a BIM modeller wants to build complex geometry using multiple forms. Nested families can be built using family editors too. Sometimes owing to the complexities of the geometries it becomes important to create nested families. Nested families can also be defined as families inserted within families. If the family is complex, it is possible to create simple families and insert them into another family. By creating Nested Revit families, we can operate and manage families with good flexibility and control.

= Visibility parameters =

When we work with BIM family creation or load the families, we should keep in mind that these families are a part of a particular category. Hence every element of the particular BIM content will be a part of the sub category in a family. These elements assist in visibility of the family along with good flexibility of changing the geometry when required. You can have sub categories of windows, doors, floors, etc.

Visibility parameters can also help in managing the elements easily just like the subcategories. It helps us to place a particular family in a particular project environment to check how the component is visible. The user can always switch on and off the visibility parameters based on the requirements.

Before the advent of Revit, such components were drawn in AutoCAD. There were AutoCAD blocks that were used to depict any geometrical component in a drawing. AutoCAD blocks cannot be modified or changed according to any project or used in any other project. It is project specific and can be managed only within a project. They can be created once and placed in multiple locations within the specific project.

Revit Family creation basically works on a different platform and offers components that can be used in many ways. These can be fully parametric or generic in nature. For example, drawing a door as a block and creating it as a BIM component or family will be very different. Revit works with a parametric approach while AutoCAD works with a 2D approach. When we have to place multiple doors in model, we can create one family and keep modifying it according to the requirements of different doors across different locations instead of just placing a simple block or 3D geometry. You can have multiple variations of a single window. We can create nested families that can provide you with dynamic models. They can also give you an excellent grip on the BIM Models that you create enabling you to change them later depending on requirements.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* AutoCAD.
* Brewer Smith Brewer Group London Office.
* Building information modelling BIM.
* How should Facility managers use Revit BIM?
* Revit.
* Rolling Out New Retail Concepts Across Chain Outlets Efficiently.
* The future of construction - BIM.

[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]] [[Category:BIM]]

BIM execution plan BEP

2023-06-13T12:08:05Z

Cresire:

= Introduction =

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process of creating a digital model of a building. In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy published in May 2011, stated that the '...government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This represents a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects.

PAS 1192-2:2013 'Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling' (now replaced by BS EN ISO 19650) specifies the requirements for achieving building information modelling (BIM) Level 2.

PAS 1192-2:2013 proposes the creation of a BIM Execution Plan (BEP sometimes abbreviated as BxP or referred to as a BIM delivery plan or Digital Execution Plan) for managing delivery of the project:

* A pre-contract BEP is prepared by prospective suppliers, setting out their proposed approach, capability, capacity and competence to meet the Employer's Information Requirements ([https://www.cresireconsulting.com/services/bim-consulting-services/ EIR)].
* Once the contract has been awarded, the successful supplier then submits a further BIM Execution Plan confirming the supply chain's capabilities and providing a Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP). The MIDP is the primary plan setting out when project information is to be prepared, by whom, using what protocols and procedures, it is based on a series of individual Task Information Delivery Plans setting out responsibility for specific information tasks.

= Pre-contract BIM execution plan =

PAS 1192-2:2013, proposes that the pre-contract BIM Execution Plan is a direct response to the Employer's Information Requirements (EIR). The EIR is a crucial document which sets out the information required by the employer aligned to key decision points or project stages.It may be considered to sit alongside the project brief.

Whilst the project brief defines the nature of the built asset that the employer wishes to procure, the Employer's Information Requirements defines information about the built asset that the employer wishes to procure to ensure that the design is developed in accordance with their needs and that they are able to operate the completed development effectively and efficiently.

The pre-contract BIM Execution Plan may include:

* A project implementation plan (PIP) setting out the capability, competence and experience of potential suppliers bidding for a project, along with quality documentation.
* Goals for collaboration and information modelling.
* Project milestones in line with the project programme.
* Deliverable strategy.

= Post-contract BIM execution plan =

The post contract-award BIM Execution Plan sets out how the information required in the Employer's Information Requirements will be provided:

Management:

* Roles, responsibilities and authorities.
* Project milestones in line with the project programme.
* Deliverable strategy.
* Survey strategy.
* Existing legacy data use.
* Approval of information.
* Authorisation process.

Planning and documentation:

* Revised project implementation plan (PIP) confirming the capability of the supply chain.
* Agreed processes for collaboration and modelling.
* Agreed matrix of responsibilities.
* Task Information Delivery Plan (TIDP) setting out responsibility for delivery of each supplier's information.
* Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP) setting out when project information is to be prepared, by whom and using what protocols and procedures.

Standard method and procedure:

* Volume strategy.
* Origin and orientation.
* File naming convention.
* Layer naming convention.
* Construction tolerances.
* Drawing sheet templates.
* Annotation, dimensions, abbreviations and symbols.
* Attribute data.

IT solutions:

* Software versions.
* Exchange formats.
* Process and data management systems.

Template pre-contract and post-contract BIM Execution Plans can be found on the [http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix-bim-execution-plan/ CPIC website] (Construction Project Information Committee).

NB: Where more than one supplier has been appointed, there may be one overarching BIM execution plan, with responsibility for its preparation set out in appointment documents. Subsequent BIM execution plans prepared by later appointments should be compatible with the overarching BIM execution plan.

The RIBA Plan of Work 2020 suggests that the Digital Execution Plan (DEP): ‘…represents an evolution of the BIM execution plan (BEP) promoted by UK BIM level 2.' For more information see: Digital Execution Plan.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki: =

* Building Information Modelling.
* BIM for dummies - an interview.
* BIM Task Group.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange.
* CIC BIM Protocol.
* Collaborative practices.
* Digital Execution Plan.
* Digital plan of work.
* Employer's Information Requirements.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* Master information delivery plan.
* PAS 1192-2:2013.
* Project implementation plan.
* RACI matrix.
* Soft landings.
* Standard method and procedure.
* Supplier BIM Resource Assessment form.
* Supplier Information Technology Assessment form.
* Task information delivery plan.
* Uniclass.

= External references: =

* [http://shop.bsigroup.com/Navigate-by/PAS/PAS-1192-22013/ PAS 1192-2:2013].
* CPIC [http://www.cpic.org.uk/cpix/cpix-bim-execution-plan/ BEP templates].

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Template]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:BIM]]