Designing Buildings - User contributions [en]

Occupancy sensor

2022-06-09T12:57:02Z

Beringar: Created page with "== What are occupancy sensors? == [https://beringar.co.uk/technology/ Occupancy sensors] differ from motion sensors in that they don’t require significant motion in order to w..."

== What are occupancy sensors? ==

[https://beringar.co.uk/technology/ Occupancy sensors] differ from motion sensors in that they don’t require significant motion in order to work. Their purpose is not to detect motion, but to detect whether people are present, even if they’re not moving around.

Many occupancy sensors will use a combination of sensors and various technologies. As well as a PIR sensor, occupancy sensors may include ultrasonic (US) sensors that emit a high-frequency signal and monitor the frequency of the reflected signal. These sensors are a lot more accurate than a PIR sensor; they can detect small motions and don’t require a direct line of sight.

The best occupancy sensors, however, leverage computer vision technology, which is able to detect people through the use of cameras and sophisticated algorithms. These types of sensors can detect occupancy even if someone is not moving at all and, in the case of desk occupancy, can be effective down to the individual seat.

== The benefits of occupancy sensors ==

=== Determine occupancy without significant motion ===

The most obvious benefit of occupancy sensors is how accurate they are and how much useful data they can provide.

A motion sensor will allow you to determine when there is motion in an office, but it won’t tell you who caused that motion, where they’ve been or where they go next. Occupancy sensors can track multiple desks at once, so you can track desk usage throughout the entire office.

Occupancy sensors also allow you to see exactly how much time a desk is in use. Whilst a motion detector will only tell you when someone sits down at a desk, an occupancy sensor can tell you how long they stay there, even if they’re not moving at all.

=== Determine vacancy rates ===

Since motion detectors require motion to work, they can’t detect when someone isn’t there. Occupancy sensors are able to accurately determine if someone is or isn’t seated at a desk. This offers your business incredible insights, as you are able to see how often workspaces are vacant. You can then analyse whether those workspaces are being used efficiently.

=== Increase capacity ===

By analysing how your workspace is used, it allows you to increase the capacity of your office space without the need for a highly expensive investment in additional real estate. Occupancy sensors allow you to identify wasted capacity in your workspace, which you can then utilise to increase overall capacity if required.

=== Free up unused space ===

Conversely, through the use of occupancy sensors, you may discover that some space in your office is rarely used at all. If that’s the case, you can elect to repurpose that space for better use. If the space has been used, but very infrequently, your analysis will be able to help you find alternative capacity so that the space will become completely freed up.

=== Analyse meeting room usage ===

Occupancy sensors are a powerful way to analyse how you utilise your meeting rooms, too.

If you have multiple meeting rooms, you may find that you can run the same number of meetings using fewer rooms. You may also find that the capacity of your meeting rooms is too large, allowing you to redesign the space and make use of the unused office capacity.

=== Develop multipurpose spaces ===

A meeting room may get used once a day and then remain unused for the rest of the time. In corporate real estate management, this is tantamount to throwing cash down the drain.

This wasted capacity can be utilised by developing multipurpose spaces. For example, a meeting room in the morning could become a yoga room in the afternoon.

Modern offices are now multifunctional spaces, and the way we manage our space must reflect that. Meeting the well-being and lifestyle demands of your employees is made all the more easier through the use of occupancy sensors, which let you see exactly how and when all the rooms in your office are being used.

=== Reduce costs ===

One of the most common uses for motion sensors is to reduce energy costs by controlling lighting and heating. An occupancy sensor switch makes this far more accurate. You can ensure that you’re only lighting or heating rooms that are in use, without suffering from the most common downfall of motion sensors, and that is the lights going out when someone is in the room, but not moving.

[[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Building automation

2022-04-26T15:46:11Z

Beringar:

{|
| [[File:Digital_tech.jpg|link=File:Digital_tech.jpg]]
|}

= Introduction =

Building automation typically involves the automatic control of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, lighting, access control, energy management, fire alarms and other building services. This may involve the use of an electronic building management system (BMS). Commercial, industrial and residential buildings fitted with such systems are often called ‘smart buildings’ or intelligent buildings’.

Most commercial buildings constructed after 2000 are fitted with some form of Building automation systems ([[Building_Automation_Systems|BAS]]). These are typically distributed control systems in which a variety of electronic devices monitor and control mechanical devices which in turn can be instructed to alter the state of an environment at any particular time or at predetermined set times. The user interface – whether for homeowners or building maintenance personnel – displays the system status, detects possible problems and makes necessary adjustments. Building facilities managers and home owners can input their required comfort settings and these will be maintained until changed.

This may include maintaining room temperatures within a specific range at certain times; switching lights on and off depending on occupancy; lowering the energy consumption of a building’s water circulation pumps through variable frequency drives; monitoring system performance and, in the event of impending malfunctions, providing notifications via email, text message, mobile voice call and/or an audible alarm to the end user.

= Benefits =

Compared to a non-controlled building the benefits of a BAS can include:

* Enhanced occupant comfort and productivity.
* Improved operation of systems.
* Increased energy efficiency and so lower emissions.
* Better connectivity and monitoring of systems.
* Improved safety.
* Maintenance staff can be more efficient and productive.
* Lower maintenance costs.
* Time savings.

= Components =

A building automation system’s hardware typically comprises:

* Servers – which run the BAS software through desktop or rack-mounted PCs to collect and serve data.
* Controllers – small, programmable control systems to control inputs and outputs to air handling, heating and other systems (based on inputs received).
* Field buses – the way field controllers communicate with supervisory devices.
* Supervisory devices – usually installed in dedicated devices and typically with an Ethernet NIC and a field trunk port.
* Inputs – signals from devices such as temperature or pressure sensors.
* Outputs – BAS controller sends a command as an output to say, a relay or actuating device etc.

Software can include:

* Databases – store information, eg alarms, trends, reports, schedules etc.
* Configuration software – configures servers, other devices and field controllers.
* User interfaces (UI) – installing or downloading applications, using web browsers to access the BAS.

= Potential issues =

Cyber security can be a problem. A BAS may not be secure and can feature vulnerabilities which can be exploited by hackers. It is possible to improve the security of a BAS by taking steps such as:

* Ensuring each user has a unique username and password.
* Ensuring passwords are as complex as possible.
* Use of a firewall.
* Closing any unused ports.

For more information see: Cyber threats to building automation and control systems.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

* Air conditioning.
* Artificial intelligence.
* Automated blinds.
* BACS building automation controls - the information revolution.
* Building analytics market trends.
* Building energy efficiency - is building automation the answer?
* Building energy management systems BEMS.
* Building management systems.
* Building services.
* Commercial building automation market.
* Continental Automated Buildings Association CABA.
* Cyber threats to building automation and control systems.
* Energy management and building controls.
* Global building energy management systems market.
* HVAC.
* Internet of things.
* Mechanical, electrical and plumbing MEP.
* Parking reservation systems.
* Plant room.
* Smart building market projections through 2030.
* Smart buildings.
* US Smart Connected HVAC in Commercial Buildings Study 2017.
* Wireless vs wired building energy management system.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Building Automation Systems

2022-04-26T15:44:11Z

Beringar:

Technology has opened the doors for unique innovations in every sector, from big businesses to your personal life. One area where innovation is making a big impact is building automation systems, especially for commercial buildings.

Even if you’ve heard of building automation before, you might not know precisely what it is. And to be honest, you could hardly be blamed for it, as the industry often includes a wide array of features and concepts in its definitions.

So what do you need to know about a growing market worth over [https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/building-automation-controls-market#:~:text=The%20global%20building%20automation%20and,11.10%25%20from%202020%20to%202027. 100 billion dollars?] Keep reading for a complete guide on building automation systems!

== What Are Building Automation Systems? ==

A working BAS definition would be any system that controls electronic and mechanical systems in a building. Often, they help the occupiers control, among other things, the building environment. Common examples include [[HVAC|HVAC]], occupancy schedule, temperature and [[Access_control|access control]].

The most common implementations focus on just a few systems, like heating and cooling. More advanced systems monitor and control a range of functions. Some examples include [[Fire_suppression|fire suppression]] and security systems.

One of the most important benefits is controlling every system from one central space. The goal is to reduce costs and improve comfort.

== BAS Components ==

Every building is unique, and your control setup will be too! That said, there are several critical components in any design. Each part plays a key role!

=== Types of Building Automation Systems ===

Though HVAC systems are the most common, BAS can control many different functions, including:

* Lighting
* Chillers and cold storage
* HVAC (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning)
* Electrical systems
* [https://beringar.co.uk/technology/ Occupancy sensors]
* Fire Alarms and Fire Suppression
* Security system and Alarms
* [[CCTV|CCTV]]
* Plumbing and Water usage

=== ===

=== Sensors ===

Sensors may be as simple as a thermostat or motion detector. The sensor’s purpose is to monitor the state of a particular system, feeding information to the controllers. Every design relies on sensors from the most basic to the most advanced.

=== Controllers ===

The controller’s purpose is to collect data from the sensors and make decisions based on the input. Controllers direct the operation of connected systems, such as heating and air conditioning or other comfort systems. Controllers also communicate with the central system to coordinate operations or receive updates.

=== Connected Devices ===

Connected devices and [[Internet_of_things_IoT|IoT]] devices operate based on output from the controllers. Anything from light levels to HVAC and door controls is connected through a modern building automation system.

=== Central Server ===

The central server keeps tabs on every aspect of the system, from the controllers to the sensors and devices. The server processes reports and enables remote control of the connected devices.

== Benefits of Building Automation Systems ==

Smart buildings [https://retail-insider.com/articles/2020/08/building-automation-systems-benefits-in-todays-world/ offer many benefits], especially the reduction of operating costs. Keep reading to learn why building automation systems are good for your wallet and the environment, too.

=== Reduce Energy Costs ===

One of the primary benefits of automation is the reduction in energy consumption. Operating a large building daily involves a myriad of operating expenses. Renters and owners alike benefit from automating climate control, among other systems.

Reducing energy usage, especially at peak times, lowers your operating costs. Whether it’s the climate system or indoor lighting, automation intelligently controls operation.

=== Remote Monitoring and Control ===

Another benefit is the ability to adjust systems from anywhere. Instead of manually adjusting thermostats physically, you can change settings remotely.

It isn’t just about control! Remote monitoring can also collect data and create reports on usage and other statistics. Whether to schedule maintenance or adjust operations, connected systems offer better insight.

=== Smart Control ===

Smart adaptations to change are another key benefit. This allows the system to make changes without user input for the most efficient operation through artificial intelligence and other means.

Intelligent controls can adjust lighting, climate, and other systems to make minor changes throughout the day. In large buildings, cost savings add up quickly.

=== Reduce Maintenance Costs ===

In the past, systems would run at full tilt to meet their inputs before winding down. This was inefficient, but it also added unnecessary wear and tear to systems.

Another key benefit of building automation is the reduction of maintenance costs. Smart buildings operate their systems better and can also provide insights for scheduled downtime!

=== Additional Insights ===

Certain implementations also offer additional reports and insights based on building usage. For example, systems can generate reports on employee usage or individual room resource rates. Businesses and building owners can use these reports to tailor their operations to reduce costs and improve productivity.

Leverage reports to tune your systems and adjust your operations for maximum benefit. Reports enable you to better understand how things are running under the hood so you can make informed choices.

== Future Proof Your Control Systems ==

Implementing a building automation system (BAS) is an expensive and involved process. As a result, you need systems that play well with each other and can be upgraded in the future.

Any systems that don’t offer the potential for software and hardware updates become obsolete quickly. Technology changes at a rapid pace, and you need a system that is built with advances in mind.

== Commercial Real Estate ==

Offices and coworking spaces hold untapped potential for BAS systems. Space planning, high-traffic areas, occupancy insights, and room usage are key aspects for managers and owners to monitor.

If you’re looking to reduce costs, improve productivity, and manage office space, you need a Building Automation System built with these features in mind. Catering your intelligent building design to commercial ends improves both value and experience, as well as employee wellbeing and sustainability.

[[Category:Definitions]]

File:BAS Infographic - SM.png

2022-04-26T15:43:43Z

Beringar: Building Automation Systems Infographic

Building Automation Systems Infographic

Building Automation Systems

2022-04-26T15:41:26Z

Beringar: Created page with "Technology has opened the doors for unique innovations in every sector, from big businesses to your personal life. One area where innovation is making a big impact is building au..."

Technology has opened the doors for unique innovations in every sector, from big businesses to your personal life. One area where innovation is making a big impact is building automation systems, especially for commercial buildings.

Even if you’ve heard of building automation before, you might not know precisely what it is. And to be honest, you could hardly be blamed for it, as the industry often includes a wide array of features and concepts in its definitions.

So what do you need to know about a growing market worth over [https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/building-automation-controls-market#:~:text=The%20global%20building%20automation%20and,11.10%25%20from%202020%20to%202027. 100 billion dollars?] Keep reading for a complete guide on building automation systems!

== What Are Building Automation Systems? ==

A working BAS definition would be any system that controls electronic and mechanical systems in a building. Often, they help the occupiers control, among other things, the building environment. Common examples include [[HVAC|HVAC]], occupancy schedule, temperature and [[Access_control|access control]].

The most common implementations focus on just a few systems, like heating and cooling. More advanced systems monitor and control a range of functions. Some examples include [[Fire_suppression|fire suppression]] and security systems.

One of the most important benefits is controlling every system from one central space. The goal is to reduce costs and improve comfort.

== BAS Components ==

Every building is unique, and your control setup will be too! That said, there are several critical components in any design. Each part plays a key role!

=== Types of Building Automation Systems ===

Though HVAC systems are the most common, BAS can control many different functions, including:

* Lighting
* Chillers and cold storage
* HVAC (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning)
* Electrical systems
* [https://beringar.co.uk/technology/ Occupancy sensors]
* Fire Alarms and Fire Suppression
* Security system and Alarms
* [[CCTV|CCTV]]
* Plumbing and Water usage

=== ===

=== Sensors ===

Sensors may be as simple as a thermostat or motion detector. The sensor’s purpose is to monitor the state of a particular system, feeding information to the controllers. Every design relies on sensors from the most basic to the most advanced.

=== Controllers ===

The controller’s purpose is to collect data from the sensors and make decisions based on the input. Controllers direct the operation of connected systems, such as heating and air conditioning or other comfort systems. Controllers also communicate with the central system to coordinate operations or receive updates.

=== Connected Devices ===

Connected devices and [[Internet_of_things_IoT|IoT]] devices operate based on output from the controllers. Anything from light levels to HVAC and door controls is connected through a modern building automation system.

=== Central Server ===

The central server keeps tabs on every aspect of the system, from the controllers to the sensors and devices. The server processes reports and enables remote control of the connected devices.

[[File:3730-Darwin-1080x5787-FSM-1.01.png|478px|link=https://beringar.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/3730-Darwin-1080x5787-FSM-1.01.png]]

== Benefits of Building Automation Systems ==

Smart buildings [https://retail-insider.com/articles/2020/08/building-automation-systems-benefits-in-todays-world/ offer many benefits], especially the reduction of operating costs. Keep reading to learn why building automation systems are good for your wallet and the environment, too.

=== Reduce Energy Costs ===

One of the primary benefits of automation is the reduction in energy consumption. Operating a large building daily involves a myriad of operating expenses. Renters and owners alike benefit from automating climate control, among other systems.

Reducing energy usage, especially at peak times, lowers your operating costs. Whether it’s the climate system or indoor lighting, automation intelligently controls operation.

=== Remote Monitoring and Control ===

Another benefit is the ability to adjust systems from anywhere. Instead of manually adjusting thermostats physically, you can change settings remotely.

It isn’t just about control! Remote monitoring can also collect data and create reports on usage and other statistics. Whether to schedule maintenance or adjust operations, connected systems offer better insight.

=== Smart Control ===

Smart adaptations to change are another key benefit. This allows the system to make changes without user input for the most efficient operation through artificial intelligence and other means.

Intelligent controls can adjust lighting, climate, and other systems to make minor changes throughout the day. In large buildings, cost savings add up quickly.

=== Reduce Maintenance Costs ===

In the past, systems would run at full tilt to meet their inputs before winding down. This was inefficient, but it also added unnecessary wear and tear to systems.

Another key benefit of building automation is the reduction of maintenance costs. Smart buildings operate their systems better and can also provide insights for scheduled downtime!

=== Additional Insights ===

Certain implementations also offer additional reports and insights based on building usage. For example, systems can generate reports on employee usage or individual room resource rates. Businesses and building owners can use these reports to tailor their operations to reduce costs and improve productivity.

Leverage reports to tune your systems and adjust your operations for maximum benefit. Reports enable you to better understand how things are running under the hood so you can make informed choices.

[[File:BAS-Quote-SM.png|1200px]]

== Future Proof Your Control Systems ==

Implementing a building automation system (BAS) is an expensive and involved process. As a result, you need systems that play well with each other and can be upgraded in the future.

Any systems that don’t offer the potential for software and hardware updates become obsolete quickly. Technology changes at a rapid pace, and you need a system that is built with advances in mind.

== Commercial Real Estate ==

Offices and coworking spaces hold untapped potential for BAS systems. Space planning, high-traffic areas, occupancy insights, and room usage are key aspects for managers and owners to monitor.

If you’re looking to reduce costs, improve productivity, and manage office space, you need a Building Automation System built with these features in mind. Catering your intelligent building design to commercial ends improves both value and experience, as well as employee wellbeing and sustainability.

[[Category:Definitions]]

User:Beringar

2022-04-26T15:37:10Z

Beringar:

[[www.beringar.co.uk|Beringar]] delivers data and insights from powerful sensors that reduce your business space costs and transform the way you think about real estate. From moving to agile working in more flexible office environments to ensuring that you rightsize your estate, Beringar can provide the live and historic data you need to make your portfolio more efficient and effective.