Designing Buildings - User contributions [en]

Common data environment CDE

2016-07-30T14:08:12Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process of creating and managing a model containing digital information about a built asset.

In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy stated that the '...Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This represents a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects.

Level 2 is the creation of a managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate, distinct discipline models. These separate models may originate with the client, architect, structural engineer, building services engineering, contractor, sub-contractors, suppliers and so on. A federated model is an assembly of these distinct models to create a single, complete model of the building.

The common data environment (CDE), is the single source of information used to collect, manage and disseminate documentation, the graphical model and non-graphical data for the whole project team (i.e. all project information whether created in a BIM environment or in a conventional data format). Creating this single source of information facilitates collaboration between project team members and helps avoid duplication and mistakes.

Ownership of information within the CDE remains with the originator of that information. Individual models produced by different project team members do not interact, they have clear authorship and remain separate. This means that the liabilities of the originators are not changed by the incorporation of their model into the federated model. There may be complications however where ownership changes as the project progresses, for example replacing design team objects with specialist sub-contractor objects.

Generally, a licence is granted to the client to use the information contained in the separate models for the 'permitted purpose' (ie for the purpose for which that level of detail of information was intended). A sub-license from the client enables project team members to use models prepared by other project team members.

The CIC BIM protocol proposes that an information manager, appointed by the client, should set up and manage the common data environment. The information manager is essentially a procedural gate-keeper, policing the common data environment to ensure that it follows the agreed protocols and that the data is secure. They are not a BIM co-ordinator and have no design responsibility and no responsibility for clash detection or model coordination.

The common data environment may include a number of different information environments. It may include a supply-side common data environment used by the project delivery team, and an employer's information environment that provides an employer-side document and data management system for the receipt, validation and approval of project information delivered by suppliers.

Responsibility for supplying and managing the supply-side common data environment should be clearly identified in the employer's information requirements.

PAS 1192 2: Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling, suggests that a CDE may use a project server, an extranet, a file-based retrieval system or other suitable toolset.

It proposes that the advantages of a CDE are:

* 'Ownership of information remains with the originator, although it is shared and reused, only the originator shall change it.
* Shared information reduces the time and cost in producing co-ordinated information.
* Any number of documents can be generated from different combinations of model files.'

And that, ' If the procedures for sharing information are consistently used by the design teams, spatial coordination is a by-product of using the CDE processes, and will deliver production information that is right first time... It provides the ability to produce traditional drawings or documents as views of multiauthored data within the CDE. It also gives greater control over the revisions and versions of that data.'

Information within the CDE can have a wide variety of status levels, however there will generally be four main areas of information, with a sign-off process allowing information to pass from one area to the next:

* Work in progress (WIP). This area is used to hold unapproved information for each organisation.
* Shared (or client shared) area. This information has been checked, reviewed and approved for sharing with other organisations, perhaps including the client.
* Published: This information has been 'signed off' by the client or their representative (often the lead designer).
* Archive. This area is used to create a record progress at each project milestone as well as all transaction and change orders.

A typical structure is illustrated below.

[[File:Areas_of_the_common_data_environment.jpg|link=File:Areas_of_the_common_data_environment.jpg]]

Whilst this may sound complex, on small projects, the CDE might simply be common folders on server, or may use a free, web-based file sharing application. Even on large projects, where sophisticated software might be used, during the early stages of the project it might simply be matter of creating four folders in which files are stored, with files named in accordance with a standard naming protocol such as that outlined in BS 1192:2007.

It should be noted that the CDE itself is not collaboration tool, although it may be used with one or more collaboration tools.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Asset information model.
* BIM.
* BIM Task Group.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie).
* CIC BIM Protocol.
* Collaborative practices.
* Data drop.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* Information manager.
* PAS 1192-2:2013.
* PAS 1192-3.
* Project information model.
* Soft landings.
* Uniclass.

= External Resources =

* Video: [http://www.theb1m.com/video/what-is-a-common-data-environment What is a Common Data Environment?] By The B1M

[[Category:Design]] [[Category:BIM]]

Computer aided design CAD

2016-07-30T13:49:35Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

= Introduction =

The term Computer Aided Design (CAD) refers to the use of computers to create graphical representations of physical objects to assist in the design process. It can also refer to the use of computers to prepare presentational images or to prepare production information enabling objects to be manufactured, although sometimes this is referred to as computer aided drafting as it does not necessarily involve designing. In combination, these processes may be referred to as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD).

CAD can be used to create 2D or 3D representations, and can also be used to generate animations and other presentational material. It may allow the addition of supplementary information such as dimensions, descriptions of components, references to specifications and so on.

Specialist CAD software is available for specific purposes, and a wide range of software applications have been developed for use in the design and construction of built assists such as buildings.

= Benefits of CAD =

CAD can be used to help:

* Improve the speed of production.
* Improve the quality of drawn information.
* Reduce development costs.
* Generate visualisations during the design process to help decision making.
* Improve accuracy.
* Reduce errors.
* Enable changes to be made more easily and so facilitate the consideration of a wider range of options.
* Allow drawings to be generated at a wide range of scales, and with the addition of accurate information such as dimensions.
* Allow easy re-use of information.

= Computer aided manufacturing =

The combination of computer aided draughting and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) has allowed computer numerical control (CNC) of highly-automated end-to-end component design and manufacture. Computers can produce files that translate design information into commands to operate machines, singularly or collectively, to perform pre-set sequences of tasks in the production of building components.

See Computer aided manufacturing for more information.

More recently, the range of possibilities has been increased further by the introduction of economically viable 3d printing.

= BIM =

The introduction of building information modelling (BIM) allows further reduction of errors and improvement to the quality of information and can enable the automatic generation of quantities, cost estimates, ordering and tracking information.

BIM is a very broad term that describes the process of creating and managing a digital model of a building or other facility (such as a bridge, highway, tunnel and so on), which includes:

* Level 0: Unmanaged CAD.
* Level 1: Managed CAD in 2D or 3D.
* Level 2: Managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate discipline models.
* Level 3: Single, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and lifecycle management information.

See Building information modelling for more information.

= Common standards and collaborative practices =

Particularly important to the effective use of CAD is the ability to share and re-use information, and this requires the disciplined application of agreed standards of drawing preparation across project teams. This means that the effective use of CAD is as much about collaborative practices as it is about software.

Project standards can be formalised as standard methods and procedures (SMP's) which should be agreed as early in the project as possible and should describe how information is structured, how it will be produced and how it will be managed and exchanged.

The SMP might include agreed standards and procedures for:

* Software.
* Layering.
* Zoning.
* Co-ordination
* Origin.
* Orientation.
* Fonts, line types and weights.
* Dimensions, abbreviations and symbols.
* File structure and file naming.
* Standard templates (for example drawing titles).
* Page sizes and scales.
* Permissions and change control procedures.

The great variety in the extent to which CAD and building information modelling can be used on a project means that it is important to clearly define what is expected and to set this out in tender documents and appointment documents.

= Software =

According to the NBS National BIM Report 2015, the most popular drawing tools are:

* Nemetschek Vectorworks 29%
* Autodesk Revit (Architecture/Structures/MEP) 25%
* Autodesk AutoCAD 15%
* Autodesk AutoCAD LT 13%
* Graphisoft ArchiCAD 8%
* Other 7%
* Bentley Microstation 3%
* Bentley Building Suite (Architecture /Mechanical/Electrical/Structural) 1%
* Trimble Sketchup (formerly Google Sketchup) 1%
* Nemetschek Allplan 0%

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Advanced construction technology.
* Building information modelling (BIM).
* Concept drawing.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie)
* Collaborative practices.
* Computer aided manufacturing.
* Computers in building design.
* Document control.
* Elevations.
* Information and communications technology.
* Geographic information systems.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* TenderSpace.
* TruVision.

=== External references ===

* [http://shop.bsigroup.com/en/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000001464565 BS 1192 Part 5: 1998: 'Construction drawing practice'.]
* [http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26766 ISO 13567: 'Technical product documentation: Organisation and naming of layers for CAD', 'Part 1: Overview and principles' and 'Part 2: Concepts, format and codes used in construction documentation'].

[[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:BIM]]

BuildingSMART

2016-07-30T08:16:10Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

[http://www.buildingsmart.org/ buildingSMART] is an alliance of construction and facilities management organisations established to standardise processes, workflows and procedures for building information modelling (BIM). It has representation across Europe, North America, the Middle East, Far East and Australasia.

It suggests its mission is to, 'Proactively facilitate with key leaders the active use and promulgation of standards enabling civil infrastructure and building asset data and life-cycle processes to be seamlessly integrated openBIM standards, improving the value achieved from investments in the built environment and enhancing opportunities for growth.'

[https://www.bre.co.uk/news/BRE-takes-over-BuildingSMART-UK-855.html buildingSMART UK] is the United Kingdom and Ireland chapter of the international buildingSMART programme. It is managed by the Building Research Establishment (BRE). Organisations within buildingSMART include consultants, contractors, supplies, building owners, facility managers, software vendors, government agencies, researchers and academics.

buildingSMART UK develops standards, tools and training for the construction industry to ensure it is familiar with open BIM and how it can be used to '…achieve greener, leaner and more efficient buildings and infrastructure in the UK.' It helps BIM users gain familiarity with BIM and encourages experienced users to extend the application of BIM.

Its work includes:

* BIM training and Accredited Professional status.
* International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) development.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie), a non-proprietary multi-page, spreadsheet data format for the publication of a subset of building information models (BIM) focused on delivering asset data rather that geometric information..
* Developement of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), a neutral, non-proprietary data format used to describe, exchange and share information.
* International Framework for Dictionaries (IFD) development.
* Information Delivery Manual (IDM) development. Now known as the buildingSMART standard for processes.
* Interfacing with buildingSMART international.
* [http://www.ifd-library.org/index.php?title=Main_Page BuildingSMART Data Dictionary] (bSDD). A catalogue of what objects are called (the 'vocabulary').

buildingSMART UK consists of:

* The BuildingSMART UK Management Board.
* The BuildingSMART UK Technical Group.
* The BuildingSMART UK User Group.
* BuildingSMART UK Training and accreditation.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Building information modelling.
* BIM articles.
* BIM resources.
* BIM glossary of terms.
* COBie.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* International Organisation for Standardisation ISO.
* Open BIM.
* xBIM.

=== External references ===

* [http://www.buildingsmart.org/ buildingSMART].
* [http://www.buildingsmart.org.uk/ buildingSMART UK].

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:BIM]]

BIM toolkit

2016-07-24T17:33:17Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

= Introduction =

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process of creating and managing digital information about a building or other facility such as a bridge, highway, tunnel and so on.

In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy published in May 2011, stated that the '...Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This represents a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects.

In preparation for the roll out of Level 2 BIM, a number of standards, protocols and classification systems have be created.

The NBS [https://toolkit.thenbs.com/ BIM Toolkit] provides '...step-by-step help to define, manage and validate responsibility for information development and delivery at each stage of the asset lifecycle'.

= History =

The idea originated with the BIM Task Group, a group supported by the Department for Business Innovation & Skills (BIS) and the Construction Industry Council (CIC) to bring together expertise from industry, government, institutes and academia to strengthen the public sector's capability at building information modelling (BIM).

In February 2014, the Technology Strategy Board (TSB) published a brief for a two-stage Small Business Research Initiative (SBRI) competition for 'A digital tool for building information modelling'. The competition was for '…up to £1.5m to support the development of a free-to-use digital tool that can exploit the standards being made publicly available for building information modelling (BIM).'

In September 2014, the contract was awarded to a team led by NBS, a subsidiary of RIBA Enterprises Ltd, responsible for the National Building Specification. The team also included; the BIM Academy, RICS, Microsoft, BDP, Mott MacDonald, Newcastle University and Laing O'Rourke.

The project started in October 2014, and the nbs BIM toolkit public beta went live on 8 April 2015 for public evaluation.

[[File:Bim_toolkit_logo.png|link=https://toolkit.thenbs.com/]]

= BIM Toolkit =

The BIM toolkit can be used to help '…define, manage and validate responsibility for information development and delivery at each stage of the asset lifecycle...'. It can help ensure that information meets the requirements of Level 2 BIM and is suitable for private and public sector projects, including buildings and infrastructure projects such as rail and highways as well as buildings.

The BIM toolkit comprises a digital plan of work, a unified classification system, thousands of definition templates and a verification tool that can be used to:

* Define information requirements aligned to specific project stages.
* Assemble the project team, define deliverables and assign roles and responsibilities.
* Manage the delivery of information.
* Access free-to-use BIM objects and manufacturer's technical literature.
* Follow a reference library of definition templates describing the typical level of definition for different stages of a project consistent with the unified classification system Uniclass 2015. Classification mappings are in place for mapping to NRM1 and NBS Create and may be expanded to include systems such as CESSM.
* Provide digital information to specifiers.
* Verify that the required information has been delivered, by identifying correctly classified objects and confirming that the required data is present.

In September 2015, five months after its launch, the BIM toolkit was declared "out of beta" at the BSI BIM conference. However, the verification tool, which allows teams to check that submitted data meets clients' requirements and to create a COBie submission, is still in beta testing phase.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* BIM.
* BIM articles.
* BIM resources.
* BIM Task Group.
* Building information modelling.
* COBie.
* Construction Industry Council.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* Level of detail.
* Nbs.
* RIBA.
* Technology Strategy Board.
* Uniclass 2.

= External Resources =

* [http://www.theb1m.com/video/nbs-bim-toolkit-explained NBS BIM Toolkit Explained].
* [http://www.theb1m.com/video/nbs-bim-toolkit-the-benefits NBS BIM Toolkit: The Benefits].

[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:BIM]]

Accelerating Change

2016-07-24T10:36:48Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

In 1997, the then Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott set up the Construction Task Force, chaired by Sir John Egan. In 1998, the task force published 'Rethinking Construction' (the Egan Report), on the scope for improving the quality and efficiency of UK construction'. The report set very ambitious targets, including annual reductions of 10% in construction cost and construction time and a reduction in defects of 20% per year.

The earlier 1994 Latham report had led to the creation of the Construction Industry Board (CIB) to oversee reform, this was replaced in 2001 by the Strategic Forum for Construction in 2001, chaired by Sir John Egan. In September 2002 the Strategic Forum for Construction published a report on its first year of activity Accelerating change: A report by the Strategic Forum for Construction.

[[File:Accelerating_change_front_cover.jpg|133px|link=File:Accelerating_change_front_cover.jpg]]

In it, Egan stated 'I have been greatly impressed by the industry's efforts to apply 'Rethinking Construction' principles'.

The report stated that 'Our vision is for the UK construction industry to realise maximum value for all clients, end users and stakeholders and exceed their expectations through the consistent delivery of world class products and services.'

It proposed that:

* By the end of 2004, 20% of construction projects should be undertaken by integrated project teams and integrated supply teams.
* By the end of 2004, 20% of client activity should embrace the principles of the Clients' Charter.
* By the end of 2007 both these figures should rise to 50%.
* The industry will recruit and retain 300,000 qualified people by the end of 2006.
* There will be a 50% increase in applications to built environment higher and further education courses by 2007.

The Strategic Forum for Construction tasked itself, amongst other things to:

* Ensure a 'Toolkit' is developed to help assemble integrated teams.
* Produce models for payment mechanisms and key performance indicators for payment.
* Develop a code of good working practices.
* Make the business case for Investors in People (IIP).

It also made a great number of recommendations, including the appointment of independent client advisers to help clients address their business needs and assemble teams, and that project insurance products should be made available to underwrite the whole team.

However, the Egan report was not entirely welcomed by the industry, and there was some perception that applying Egan's experience in manufacturing to an industry as different as construction was unrealistic. In May 2008, ten years after publication of Rethinking Construction, Sir John Egan stated that 'we have to say we've got pretty patchy results. And certainly nowhere near the improvement we could have achieved, or that I expected to achieve…..I guess if I were giving marks out of 10 after 10 years I'd probably only give the industry about four out of 10' ref [http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/pdf/CLIP/SirJohnEgan21-05-08.pdf Egan: I'd give construction about 4 of 10].

NB In 2002, the Rethinking Construction Group Ltd, chaired by Alan Crane, published Rethinking Construction 2002: Achievements, Next Steps, Getting Involved. The report offered an update on progress as well as outlining a strategy for the following two years.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Construction industry reports since 1944.
* Egan Report.
* Integrated project teams.
* Integrated supply teams.
* Latham Report.
* Rethinking Construction 2002: Achievements, Next Steps, Getting Involved.
* Strategic Forum for Construction.

=== External References ===

* [http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/pdf/CLIP/SirJohnEgan21-05-08.pdf Egan: I'd give construction about 4 of 10].
* [http://www.strategicforum.org.uk/ Strategic Forum for Construction].

[[Category:Publications_/_reports]]

Accelerating Change

2016-07-24T10:36:17Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

In 1997, the then Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott set up the Construction Task Force, chaired by Sir John Egan. In 1998, the task force published 'Rethinking Construction' (the Egan Report), on the scope for improving the quality and efficiency of UK construction'. The report set very ambitious targets, including annual reductions of 10% in construction cost and construction time and a reduction in defects of 20% per year.

The earlier 1994 Latham report had led to the creation of the Construction Industry Board (CIB) to oversee reform, this was replaced in 2001 by the Strategic Forum for Construction in 2001, chaired by Sir John Egan. In September 2002 the Strategic Forum for Construction published a report on its first year of activity Accelerating change: A report by the Strategic Forum for Construction 2002.

[[File:Accelerating_change_front_cover.jpg|133px|link=File:Accelerating_change_front_cover.jpg]]

In it, Egan stated 'I have been greatly impressed by the industry's efforts to apply 'Rethinking Construction' principles'.

The report stated that 'Our vision is for the UK construction industry to realise maximum value for all clients, end users and stakeholders and exceed their expectations through the consistent delivery of world class products and services.'

It proposed that:

* By the end of 2004, 20% of construction projects should be undertaken by integrated project teams and integrated supply teams.
* By the end of 2004, 20% of client activity should embrace the principles of the Clients' Charter.
* By the end of 2007 both these figures should rise to 50%.
* The industry will recruit and retain 300,000 qualified people by the end of 2006.
* There will be a 50% increase in applications to built environment higher and further education courses by 2007.

The Strategic Forum for Construction tasked itself, amongst other things to:

* Ensure a 'Toolkit' is developed to help assemble integrated teams.
* Produce models for payment mechanisms and key performance indicators for payment.
* Develop a code of good working practices.
* Make the business case for Investors in People (IIP).

It also made a great number of recommendations, including the appointment of independent client advisers to help clients address their business needs and assemble teams, and that project insurance products should be made available to underwrite the whole team.

However, the Egan report was not entirely welcomed by the industry, and there was some perception that applying Egan's experience in manufacturing to an industry as different as construction was unrealistic. In May 2008, ten years after publication of Rethinking Construction, Sir John Egan stated that 'we have to say we've got pretty patchy results. And certainly nowhere near the improvement we could have achieved, or that I expected to achieve…..I guess if I were giving marks out of 10 after 10 years I'd probably only give the industry about four out of 10' ref [http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/pdf/CLIP/SirJohnEgan21-05-08.pdf Egan: I'd give construction about 4 of 10].

NB In 2002, the Rethinking Construction Group Ltd, chaired by Alan Crane, published Rethinking Construction 2002: Achievements, Next Steps, Getting Involved. The report offered an update on progress as well as outlining a strategy for the following two years.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Construction industry reports since 1944.
* Egan Report.
* Integrated project teams.
* Integrated supply teams.
* Latham Report.
* Rethinking Construction 2002: Achievements, Next Steps, Getting Involved.
* Strategic Forum for Construction.

=== External References ===

* [http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/pdf/CLIP/SirJohnEgan21-05-08.pdf Egan: I'd give construction about 4 of 10].
* [http://www.strategicforum.org.uk/ Strategic Forum for Construction].

[[Category:Publications_/_reports]]

National Engineering Services (NES)

2016-07-24T10:19:20Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "= National Engineering Services (NES) = [https://www.thenbs.com/support/nbs-engineering-services https://www.thenbs.com/support/nbs-engineering-services] "

= National Engineering Services (NES) =

[https://www.thenbs.com/support/nbs-engineering-services https://www.thenbs.com/support/nbs-engineering-services]

BIP 2207

2016-07-23T20:27:31Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "This book is a guide to BS 1192:2007 Collaborative production of architectural, engineering and construction information, the British Standard that is the code of practice that p..."

This book is a guide to BS 1192:2007 Collaborative production of architectural, engineering and construction information, the British Standard that is the code of practice that provides a best practice method for the development, organization and management of production information for the construction industry.

It explains in detail the processes and procedures needed to improve the quality of production information. It will help designers prepare the information before passing it to a construction team to enable a project to be constructed.

[[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Construction_management]]

ISO 19650-2

2016-07-23T20:12:54Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

[http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=68080 ISO/WD 19650-2]

Organization of information about construction works -- Information management using building information modelling -- Part 2: Delivery phase of assets

[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

ISO 19650-2

2016-07-23T20:11:36Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "= [http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=68080 ISO/WD 19650-2] = = Organization of information about construction works -- Information man..."

= [http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=68080 ISO/WD 19650-2] =

= Organization of information about construction works -- Information management using building information modelling -- Part 2: Delivery phase of assets =

[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

Mervyn Richards

2016-07-23T18:41:29Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "[https://www.linkedin.com/in/mervynrichards?trk=extra_biz_connect_hb_upphoto https://www.linkedin.com/in/mervynrichards?trk=extra_biz_connect_hb_upphoto] "

[https://www.linkedin.com/in/mervynrichards?trk=extra_biz_connect_hb_upphoto https://www.linkedin.com/in/mervynrichards?trk=extra_biz_connect_hb_upphoto]

Avanti

2016-07-23T18:37:48Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "[http://www.avanti-partnership.com/ Avanti Partnership] is a research and education provider, founded in 2013 by Mervyn Richards OBE and Paul Shillcock. Our mission is to continu..."

[http://www.avanti-partnership.com/ Avanti Partnership] is a research and education provider, founded in 2013 by Mervyn Richards OBE and Paul Shillcock. Our mission is to continue the research into the cause and effect of poor quality information within the construction industry, first started in 2004 by the government funded Avanti Research Programme; plus provide practical education for current and future construction industry professionals, based upon on research led, industry best practice and national standards.

[[Category:Education]] [[Category:DCN_Education_and_Training]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]]

International Organization for Standardization

2016-07-23T09:48:28Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

[http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm International Organization for Standardization] (ISO)

International Standards Organisation or ISO is an independent, non-governmental international organisation with a membership of 163 national standards bodies. Through its members it brings together experts to share knowledge and develop voluntary, consensus-based, market relevant International Standards that support innovation and provide solutions to global challenges.

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:DCN_Organisation]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]]

International Organization for Standardization

2016-07-23T09:46:48Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

[http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm International Organization for Standardization] (ISO)

ISO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 163 national standards bodies. Through its members it brings together experts to share knowledge and develop voluntary, consensus-based, market relevant International Standards that support innovation and provide solutions to global challenges.

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

International Organization for Standardization

2016-07-23T09:45:39Z

Andrew@ArcDox: Created page with "[http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm International Organization for Standardization] (ISO) SO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 163..."

[http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm International Organization for Standardization] (ISO)

SO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 163 national standards bodies. Through its members it brings together experts to share knowledge and develop voluntary, consensus-based, market relevant International Standards that support innovation and provide solutions to global challenges.

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]

Common data environment CDE

2016-03-09T11:17:37Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a very broad term that describes the process of creating a model containing digital information about a built asset.

In the UK the Government Construction Strategy states that the '...Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) as a minimum by 2016'. This will represent a minimum requirement for Level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects.

Level 2 is the creation of a managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate, distinct discipline models. These separate models may originate with the client, architect, structural engineer, building services engineering, contractor, sub-contractors, suppliers and so on. A federated model is an assembly of these distinct models to create a single, complete model of the building.

The Common Data Environment (CDE), is the single source of information for the project, used to collect, manage and disseminate documentation, the graphical model and non-graphical data for the whole project team (i.e. all project information whether created in a BIM environment or in a conventional data format). Creating this single source of information facilitates collaboration between project team members and helps avoid duplication and mistakes.

Ownership of information within the CDE remains with the originator of that information. Individual models produced by different project team members do not interact, they have clear authorship and remain separate. This means that the liabilities of the originators are not changed by the incorporation of their model into the federated model. There may be complications however where ownership changes as the project progesses, for example replacing design team objects with specialist sub-contractor objects.

Generally, a licence is granted to the client to use the information contained in the separate models for the ‘permitted purpose’ (ie for the purpose for which that level of detail of information was intended). A sub-license from the client enables project team members to use models prepared by other project team members.

The CIC BIM protocol proposes that an information manager, appointed by the client, should set up and manage the common data environment. The information manager is essentially a procedural gate-keeper, policing the common data environment to ensure that it follows the agreed protocols and that the data is secure. They are not a BIM co-ordinator and have no design responsibility and no responsibility for clash detection or model coordination. This appointment may change through the course of the project. For example the lead designer or lead consultant may be the information manager during the early stages of the project, but the contractor may take on the role during construction. The information manager may also host the common data environment, as an additional service.

It can however be argued that the client should host the common data environment, as they will be generating project information before consultants or contractors are appointed, for example; compiling existing information, preparing a business case, preparing a strategic brief and so on, and it is sensible that this should be prepared and stored in a way that is consistent with later stages of the project. Furthermore, the information held in the CDE will ultimately be used by the client for the operation of the building. If the client hosts the CDE this can also help avoid problems that can occur when it is transferred from one organisation to another.

PAS 1192 2: Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling, suggests that a CDE may use a project server, an extranet, a file-based retrieval system or other suitable toolset.

It proposes that the advantages of a CDE are:

* 'Ownership of information remains with the originator, although it is shared and reused, only the originator shall change it.
* Shared information reduces the time and cost in producing co-ordinated information.
* Any number of documents can be generated from different combinations of model files.'

And that, ' If the procedures for sharing information are consistently used by the design teams, spatial coordination is a by-product of using the CDE processes, and will deliver production information that is right first time... It provides the ability to produce traditional drawings or documents as views of multiauthored data within the CDE. It also gives greater control over the revisions and versions of that data.'

Information within the CDE can have a wide variety of status levels, however there will generally be four main areas of information, with a sign-off process allowing information to pass from one area to the next:

* Work in progress. This area is used to hold unapproved information for each organisation.
* Shared area. This information has been checked, reviewed and approved for sharing with other organisations.
* Published: This information has been ‘signed off’ by the client or their representative (often the lead designer). There may contractual complexities with this ‘sign off’ procedure and who is responsible for it.
* Archive. This area is used to record progress at each project milestone as well as all transaction and change orders.

[[File:Areas_of_the_common_data_environment.jpg|link=File:Areas_of_the_common_data_environment.jpg]]

Whilst this may sound complex, on small projects, the CDE might use a free, web-based file sharing application. Even on large projects, where sophisticated software might be used, during the early stages of the project it might simply be matter of creating four folders in which files are stored, with files named in accordance with a standard naming protocol.

It should be noted that the CDE itself is not collaboration tool, although it may be used with one or more collaboration tools.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Asset information model.
* BIM.
* BIM Task Group.
* Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie).
* CIC BIM Protocol.
* Collaborative practices.
* Data drop.
* Government Construction Strategy.
* Industry Foundation Classes.
* Information manager.
* PAS 1192-2:2013.
* PAS 1192-3.
* Project information model.
* Soft landings.
* Uniclass.

= External Resources =

* Video: [http://www.theb1m.com/video/what-is-a-common-data-environment What is a Common Data Environment?] By The B1M

[[Category:Design]]

BS 1192

2016-03-09T11:14:33Z

Andrew@ArcDox:

It is widely recognised that poorly prepared and coordinated construction information is a significant cause of delay, expense and conflict. BS 1192 sets out a method for managing the production, distribution and quality of construction information. This includes construction information produced using CAD systems. It was originally based on work by Avanti and CPI.

The first edition was BS 1192-5:1990, which was replaced in 1998 by the second edition, BS 1192-5:1998. Third edition, 'Collaborative production of architectural, engineering and construction information. Code of practice' was published in 31 December 2007 and provided a more comprehensive code of practice that could be applied to 2D and 3D model-based information systems.

It applies to those involved in the preparation and use of construction information during the design, construction, operation and decommissioning of the projects. It applies to buildings and infrastructure projects. The British Standards Institute (BSI) suggest that it might also offer useful guidance for software developers.

It establishes common methodologies for naming, classifying, layering and exchanging data when setting up projects that will involve collaborative working as well as setting out roles and responsibilities.

The exchange of data is managed through a Common Data Environment (CDE). This is the single source of information for the project, used to collect, manage and disseminate documentation, the graphical model and non-graphical data for the whole project team. Information in the CDE is classified as:

* Work-in-progress.
* Shared.
* Published.
* Archive.

On 1 July 2015, BSI published a revised version of BS 1192:2007 for consultation. As a result, in 2015, an amendment was published [http://shop.bsigroup.com/forms/PASs/BS-1192-2007 BS 1192:2007+A1:2015 Collaborative production of architectural, engineering and construction information. Code of practice].

= Relationship with other documents =

This standard is intended to form part of a suite of documents (some of which are still in their PAS – ‘publically available specification’ stage of development) that includes:

* PAS 1192-2:2013. Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling.
* PAS 1192-3:2014. Specification for information management for the operational phase of assets using building information modelling.
* BS 1192-4:2014. Collaborative production of information. Fulfilling employer’s information exchange requirements using COBie. Code of practice.
* PAS 1192-5:2015. Specification for security-minded building information modelling, digital built environments and smart asset management.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* BS 1192-4:2014. Collaborative production of information Part 4: Fulfilling employer’s information exchange requirements using COBie – Code of practice.
* BS 8536-1:2015 Briefing for design and construction. Code of practice for facilities management (Buildings infrastructure).
* Building information modelling.
* Computer aided design.
* Common data environment.
* CPIC.
* PAS 1192-2.
* PAS 1192-3.
* PAS 1192-5:2015.
* Uniclass.
* Uniclass 2.

[[Category:Design]]