Air permeability testing

2015-02-24T13:12:50Z

ATTMA:

In April 2002 the UK government introduced legislation to enforce standards of building air tightness. This was intended to: lower running costs; verify the standards of materials, components and workmanship; prevent uncomfortable drafts and avoid condensation problems.

This is done by air permeability testing (air tightness, air infiltration or blower door testing), which measures the air leakage rate per hour per square metre of building envelope area at a test reference pressure differential across the building envelope of 50 Pascal (50 N/m2).

Generally this involves mounting a door, incorporating a fan, into the frame of an external door opening. The fan is used to depressurise the building by extracting air, and the resulting difference between the external and internal pressure can be used to calculate the permeability of the building envelope (given that the area of envelope is known). This permeability is an indicator of how well sealed the building is, and whether there are openings in the envelope. Testing requires that fires are put out, doors and windows are closed and ventilators are shut or sealed.

The method for testing required by the building regulations is set out in [http://www.attma.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ATTMA-TSL1-Issue-1.pdf ATTMA TSL1] (for dwellings) and [http://www.attma.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ATTMA-TSL2-Issue-1.pdf ATTMA TSL2] (for non-dwellings).

[http://www.attma.org ATTMA] is the Air Tightness Testing & Measurement Association. ATTMA was authorised on behalf of the government to create the testing standards.

[http://www.bindt.org BINDT] (the British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing) closed its doors on 31st December 2014 having formally run a competent persons scheme for air tightness testers.

ATTMA now run, what is currently the only, competent persons scheme in UK. ATTMA ensures testers are subject to more enhanced checks, such as on-site audits in order to increase the quality of the testing industry.

The regulations set a limiting air permeability of 10 m-3.h-1.m-2@50Pa (metres cubed, per hour, per metre squared of external building envelope area) and require that the Building Emission Rate (BER, or Dwelling Emission Rate (DER) for dwellings) calculated using the assessed air permeability does not exceed the Target Emission Rate (TER).

The ‘design air permeability’ is the target value used to calculate the TER. The ‘assessed air permeability’ is the measured value used to establish the BER (or DER).

Testing is required on all residential developments (this may be a sample of units) and non-dwellings. buildings with a useful floor area less than 500 m2 MAY be exempt. Where testing is not carried out, an assessed air permeability of 15 m3/h.m2 must be used in calculations.

On large developments, where a specific dwelling is not tested, the assessed air permeability is the average test result obtained from other dwellings of the same dwelling type on the development, increased by 2.0 m3/h.m2.

In compartmentalised buildings where pressure testing the whole unit may be impractical, testing may be carried out on a representative area.

Air permeability testing can be carried out as an isolated study, or may be provided as part of a complete service to demonstrate Part L compliance (including Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) calculations and Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs)) or may be part of an overall energy audit. Ideally, it should not be carried out simply as a compliance test, but should include an assessment of details, and diagnostic tests such as infrared thermography and if necessary smoke tests to pinpoint air leakage paths.

--[[User:ATTMA|ATTMA]] 13:12, 24 February 2015 (UTC)

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===
*Air tightness in buildings.
*Approved documents.
*Building emission rate.
*Domestic ventilation systems performance.
*Dwelling emission rate.
*Energy audit.
*Energy performance certificates.
*Infrared thermography.
*Performance gap.
*Standard assessment procedure.
*Target emission rate.
*The history of non-domestic air tightness testing.

=== External references ===
*[http://www.attma.org/ ATTMA] (Air Tightness Testing and Measurement Association).
*[http://www.attma.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ATTMA-TSL1-Issue-1.pdf ATTMA TSL1] (ATTMA Technical Standard for dwelling testing)
*[http://www.attma.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/ATTMA-TSL2-Issue-1.pdf ATTMA TSL2] (ATTMA Technical Standard for non-dwelling testing)
*[http://www.bindt.org/ BINDT] (British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing)
*USA government, [http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/blower-door-tests blower door tests].

[[Category:Regulations]]
[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]]
[[Category:Sustainability]]
[[Category:Construction_techniques]]

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Air permeability testing