Topmix Permeable - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 06:32, 24 September 2020

2020-09-24T06:32:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:32, 24 September 2020
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	* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.		* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

−	[[Category:~~Organisations~~]] [[Category:DCN_Organisation]] [[Category:~~Research_/_Innovation~~]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:~~Products_~~/~~_components~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Product_Knowledge~~]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Organisation]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 78.95.159.24 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2020-05-23T15:13:35Z

Reverted edits by 78.95.159.24 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 23 May 2020
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	* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.		* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

−	[[Category:~~Articles_needing_more_work~~]] [[Category:~~Conservation~~]] [[Category:~~Organisations~~]] [[Category:~~Research_/_Innovation~~]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:DCN_Organisation]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]]

78.95.159.24 at 12:00, 23 May 2020

2020-05-23T12:00:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:00, 23 May 2020
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	* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.		* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

−	[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 103.110.146.19 (talk) to last revision by Editor

2019-08-26T07:02:34Z

Reverted edits by 103.110.146.19 (talk) to last revision by Editor

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:02, 26 August 2019
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	* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.		* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

−	~~[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]]~~ [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

103.110.146.19 at 02:25, 26 August 2019

2019-08-26T02:25:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:25, 26 August 2019
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	* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.		* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

−	[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Editor at 14:25, 2 August 2017

2017-08-02T14:25:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:25, 2 August 2017
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	* Groundwater control in urban areas.		* Groundwater control in urban areas.
	* Highway drainage.		* Highway drainage.
		+	* Limecrete.
	* Materials.		* Materials.
	* Planning for floods.		* Planning for floods.

Designing Buildings at 10:14, 22 March 2017

2017-03-22T10:14:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:14, 22 March 2017
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	* Advanced construction technology.		* Advanced construction technology.
		+	* Cellular concrete.
	* Concrete.		* Concrete.
	* Groundwater control in urban areas.		* Groundwater control in urban areas.

Designing Buildings at 18:48, 7 December 2016

2016-12-07T18:48:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 7 December 2016
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	= Surface durability =		= Surface durability =
−
−	~~The following considerations should be addressed regarding surface durability:~~

	=== Heavy traffic ===		=== Heavy traffic ===

−	Topmix Permeable is scuff-resistant and is resistant to softening in hot weather; however, it is recommended that an impermeable surface is used in areas exposed to frequent tight turning circles and sections carrying particularly heavy traffic.	+	Topmix Permeable is scuff-resistant and resistant to softening in hot weather; however, it is recommended that an impermeable surface is used in areas exposed to frequent tight turning circles and sections carrying particularly heavy traffic.

	=== Freeze-thaw resistance ===		=== Freeze-thaw resistance ===
Line 78:		Line 76:
	=== Surface skid resistance ===		=== Surface skid resistance ===

−	The skid resistance of Topmix Permeable is comparable to low texture asphalt and concrete typically used in the construction of footpaths and car parks. Therefore, it is suited to low speed applications, typically of less than 30 mph. Additional design consideration ~~should be applied~~ in areas of higher slip risk, such as slopes or where heavy breaking may occur.	+	The skid resistance of Topmix Permeable is comparable to low texture asphalt and concrete typically used in the construction of footpaths and car parks. Therefore, it is suited to low speed applications, typically of less than 30 mph. Additional design consideration us necessary in areas of higher slip risk, such as slopes or where heavy breaking may occur.

	= Advantages =		= Advantages =

−	There are several benefits offered by Topmix Permeable~~, such as~~:	+	There are several benefits offered by Topmix Permeable:

	* Rapid water removal ensures more effective storm water management.		* Rapid water removal ensures more effective storm water management.
−	* Safer roads ~~due to~~ less standing water, reduced risk of hydroplaning.	+	* Safer roads are created as there is less standing water and so a reduced risk of hydroplaning.
−	* ~~Reduced~~ risk of flash flooding.	+	* There is a reduced risk of flash flooding.
−	* ~~Minimises urban~~ impact on the natural water cycle.	+	* There is reduced impact on the natural water cycle.
−	* ~~Reduced~~ storm water management costs.	+	* There are reduced storm water management costs.
−	* ~~Low~~ maintenance surface.	+	* It is a low-maintenance surface.
−	* No planning permission required in domestic applications such as driveways.	+	* No planning permission is required in domestic applications such as driveways.

	For more information, see [http://www.tarmac.com/solutions/readymix/topmix-permeable/ Topmix Permeable].		For more information, see [http://www.tarmac.com/solutions/readymix/topmix-permeable/ Topmix Permeable].

Designing Buildings at 18:45, 7 December 2016

2016-12-07T18:45:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:45, 7 December 2016
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−	[[File:Topmix1.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix1.jpg\|link=File:Topmix1.jpg]]

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	Topmix Permeable is a fast-draining concrete pavement solution that has been described as ‘thirsty concrete’ ~~for~~ the rate ~~at which~~ it is able to absorb surface water.	+	Topmix Permeable is a fast-draining concrete pavement solution that has been described as ‘thirsty concrete’ because of the rate it is able to absorb surface water.

−	Traditional concrete must be permeable enough to allow water through to ground level at a minimum rate of 300 mm/hour. By contrast, Topmix Permeable is capable of letting through ~~approximately 880 gallons every minute, amounting to~~ around 36,000 mm of water/hour.	+	Traditional concrete must be permeable enough to allow water through to ground level at a minimum rate of 300 mm/hour. By contrast, Topmix Permeable is capable of letting through around 36,000 mm of water/hour.

−	[[File:Topmix2.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix2.jpg\|link=File:Topmix2.jpg]]

−	This innovative new material system, manufactured by Tarmac, offers much potential to the design of sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS), in terms of being able to provide a practical answer to the perennial problems of surface water flooding.	+	This innovative new material system, manufactured by Tarmac, offers much potential for the design of sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS), in terms of being able to provide a practical answer to the perennial problems of surface water flooding.

−	Whereas conventional concrete is sand-based, Tarmac uses tiny pieces of crushed granite packed together. Known as ‘no-fines concrete’, this has a high void content of 20-35%, and allows surface water to drain through ~~the sub-strata~~ and dissipate naturally. This helps reduce the risk of surface water flooding and watercourse contamination.	+	Whereas conventional concrete is sand-based, Tarmac uses tiny pieces of crushed granite packed together. Known as ‘no-fines concrete’, this has a high void content of 20-35%, and allows surface water to drain through and dissipate naturally. This helps reduce the risk of surface water flooding and watercourse contamination.

−	[[File:Topmix3.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix3.jpg\|link=File:Topmix3.jpg]]

	Topmix Permeable can be used for a wide range of practical applications, including:		Topmix Permeable can be used for a wide range of practical applications, including:

−	* Low volume residential roads and ~~parking lots~~.	+	* Low volume residential roads and car parks.
	* Pavements, bike and pedestrian pathways.		* Pavements, bike and pedestrian pathways.
	* Patios.		* Patios.
Line 27:		Line 27:
	* Greenhouse floors.		* Greenhouse floors.
	* Pavement edge drains and gutters.		* Pavement edge drains and gutters.
−	* ~~Hardstanding for sports~~ facilities.	+	* Sports facilities.
−	* ~~Underneath~~ permeable blocks for ground stabilisation.	+	* Below permeable blocks for ground stabilisation.

	Applications where Topmix Permeable is not suitable include:		Applications where Topmix Permeable is not suitable include:
Line 38:		Line 38:
	* Areas with heavy silt loads, such as recycling centres.		* Areas with heavy silt loads, such as recycling centres.

−	[[File:Topmix4.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix4.jpg\|link=File:Topmix4.jpg]]

−	[[File:Topmix5.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix5.jpg\|link=File:Topmix5.jpg]]

	= System options =		= System options =
Line 48:		Line 48:
	=== System A – Full infiltration ===		=== System A – Full infiltration ===

−	[[File:Topmix6.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix6.jpg\|link=File:Topmix6.jpg]]

−	All water permeates through the surface layer, through the lower pavement courses and into the sub-grade. This system does not discharge any ~~additional~~ water into traditional drainage systems, but some water may be retained within the pavement before permeating into the sub-grade.	+	All water permeates through the surface layer, through the lower pavement courses and into the sub-grade. This system does not discharge any water into traditional drainage systems, but some water may be retained within the pavement before permeating into the sub-grade.

	=== System B – Partial infiltration ===		=== System B – Partial infiltration ===

−	[[File:Topmix7.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix7.jpg\|link=File:Topmix7.jpg]]

−	~~Where the~~ underlying ground offers some level of permeability and infiltration is acceptable~~, this system is more viable~~. Outlet pipes are installed within the sub-base layer to allow excess water that cannot penetrate into the existing ground to drain into watercourses, swales, sewers, and so on.	+	The underlying ground offers some level of permeability and infiltration is acceptable. Outlet pipes are installed within the sub-base layer to allow excess water that cannot penetrate into the existing ground to drain into watercourses, swales, sewers, and so on.

	=== System C – Full attenuation ===		=== System C – Full attenuation ===

−	[[File:Topmix8.jpg]]	+	[[File:Topmix8.jpg\|link=File:Topmix8.jpg]]

−	This system is typically used where water recycling is required, where water may be contaminated, or where the sub-grade is impermeable. An impermeable membrane is installed above the sub-grade and outlet pipes within the sub-base layer. Water can be captured and harvested for use-use in non-potable applications~~, i.e.~~ irrigation, toilet flushing, and so on.	+	This system is typically used where water recycling is required, where water may be contaminated, or where the sub-grade is impermeable. An impermeable membrane is installed above the sub-grade and outlet pipes installed within the sub-base layer. Water can be captured and harvested for use-use in non-potable applications such as irrigation, toilet flushing, and so on.

	= Surface durability =		= Surface durability =

Editor: Created page with "File:Topmix1.jpg = Introduction = Topmix Permeable is a fast-draining concrete pavement solution that has been described as ‘thirsty concrete’ for the rate at which it ..."

2016-12-07T15:23:07Z

Created page with "File:Topmix1.jpg = Introduction = Topmix Permeable is a fast-draining concrete pavement solution that has been described as ‘thirsty concrete’ for the rate at which it ..."

New page

[[File:Topmix1.jpg]]

= Introduction =

Topmix Permeable is a fast-draining concrete pavement solution that has been described as ‘thirsty concrete’ for the rate at which it is able to absorb surface water.

Traditional concrete must be permeable enough to allow water through to ground level at a minimum rate of 300 mm/hour. By contrast, Topmix Permeable is capable of letting through approximately 880 gallons every minute, amounting to around 36,000 mm of water/hour.

[[File:Topmix2.jpg]]

This innovative new material system, manufactured by Tarmac, offers much potential to the design of sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS), in terms of being able to provide a practical answer to the perennial problems of surface water flooding.

Whereas conventional concrete is sand-based, Tarmac uses tiny pieces of crushed granite packed together. Known as ‘no-fines concrete’, this has a high void content of 20-35%, and allows surface water to drain through the sub-strata and dissipate naturally. This helps reduce the risk of surface water flooding and watercourse contamination.

[[File:Topmix3.jpg]]

Topmix Permeable can be used for a wide range of practical applications, including:

* Low volume residential roads and parking lots.
* Pavements, bike and pedestrian pathways.
* Patios.
* Tennis courts.
* Road shoulders.
* Swimming pool decks.
* Alleyways.
* Driveways.
* Greenhouse floors.
* Pavement edge drains and gutters.
* Hardstanding for sports facilities.
* Underneath permeable blocks for ground stabilisation.

Applications where Topmix Permeable is not suitable include:

* Heavy goods vehicle delivery routes for shops.
* Access to car park ticket barriers.
* Tight turning areas in industrial yards.
* Bus routes.
* Areas with heavy silt loads, such as recycling centres.

[[File:Topmix4.jpg]]

[[File:Topmix5.jpg]]

= System options =

When constructing a pervious paving solution, Topmix Permeable offers three best practice applications that can be employed.

=== System A – Full infiltration ===

[[File:Topmix6.jpg]]

All water permeates through the surface layer, through the lower pavement courses and into the sub-grade. This system does not discharge any additional water into traditional drainage systems, but some water may be retained within the pavement before permeating into the sub-grade.

=== System B – Partial infiltration ===

[[File:Topmix7.jpg]]

Where the underlying ground offers some level of permeability and infiltration is acceptable, this system is more viable. Outlet pipes are installed within the sub-base layer to allow excess water that cannot penetrate into the existing ground to drain into watercourses, swales, sewers, and so on.

=== System C – Full attenuation ===

[[File:Topmix8.jpg]]

This system is typically used where water recycling is required, where water may be contaminated, or where the sub-grade is impermeable. An impermeable membrane is installed above the sub-grade and outlet pipes within the sub-base layer. Water can be captured and harvested for use-use in non-potable applications, i.e. irrigation, toilet flushing, and so on.

= Surface durability =

The following considerations should be addressed regarding surface durability:

=== Heavy traffic ===

Topmix Permeable is scuff-resistant and is resistant to softening in hot weather; however, it is recommended that an impermeable surface is used in areas exposed to frequent tight turning circles and sections carrying particularly heavy traffic.

=== Freeze-thaw resistance ===

Water should not be left to settle within the surface structure by an effective permeable pavement system. In this eventuality however, the Topmix Permeable allows freezing water to expand in the voids, providing freeze-thaw resistance. As the system does not contain rebar, it is not at risk of water or chloride attack.

=== Surface skid resistance ===

The skid resistance of Topmix Permeable is comparable to low texture asphalt and concrete typically used in the construction of footpaths and car parks. Therefore, it is suited to low speed applications, typically of less than 30 mph. Additional design consideration should be applied in areas of higher slip risk, such as slopes or where heavy breaking may occur.

= Advantages =

There are several benefits offered by Topmix Permeable, such as:

* Rapid water removal ensures more effective storm water management.
* Safer roads due to less standing water, reduced risk of hydroplaning.
* Reduced risk of flash flooding.
* Minimises urban impact on the natural water cycle.
* Reduced storm water management costs.
* Low maintenance surface.
* No planning permission required in domestic applications such as driveways.

For more information, see [http://www.tarmac.com/solutions/readymix/topmix-permeable/ Topmix Permeable].

Images and content courtesy of Tarmac.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Advanced construction technology.
* Concrete.
* Groundwater control in urban areas.
* Highway drainage.
* Materials.
* Planning for floods.
* Sewer construction.
* Sustainable urban drainage systems SUDS.

[[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]