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		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Titanium</id>
		<title>Titanium - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-04-30T03:41:20Z</updated>
		<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=282168&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Designing Buildings at 09:50, 8 August 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=282168&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2024-08-08T09:50:08Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
		&lt;tr valign='top'&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:50, 8 August 2024&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best strength to weight ratios - but it has a poor compressive strength. It is notable as one of the most biocompatible metals as it is not harmful or toxic to living tissue. It is resistant to corrosion because in oxygen it naturally forms a protective oxide film, making it resistant to corrosion also in bodily fluids.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best strength to weight ratios - but it has a poor compressive strength. It is notable as one of the most biocompatible metals as it is not harmful or toxic to living tissue. It is resistant to corrosion because in oxygen it naturally forms a protective oxide film, making it resistant to corrosion also in bodily fluids.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium ore was first discovered in the late 1700's by an English clergyman on Cornish beach sands, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;then &lt;/del&gt;and later named after Titans in Greek mytholoy by a German chemist. It is the fourth most abundant structural metal on Earth with primary ores of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile as well as anatase, perovskite, and sphene. Today the top exporters of Titanium are South Africa, Australia, Norway, Mozambique, and Sierra Leone, where half the Titanium mined comes from river sediments or alluvial deposits formed by rivers as they reach the sea. It is extracted through a process of dredging or dry mining.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium ore was first discovered in the late 1700's by an English clergyman on Cornish beach sands, and later named after Titans in Greek mytholoy by a German chemist. It is the fourth most abundant structural metal on Earth with primary ores of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile as well as anatase, perovskite, and sphene. Today the top exporters of Titanium are South Africa, Australia, Norway, Mozambique, and Sierra Leone, where half the Titanium mined comes from river sediments or alluvial deposits formed by rivers as they reach the sea. It is extracted through a process of dredging or dry mining.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands as well as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands as well as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, non-aerospace industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, as well as watches, tools and knives.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, non-aerospace industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, as well as watches, tools and knives.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In the UK construction industry, titanium's use is limited compared to other metals like steel or aluminium due to its higher cost, however, it is increasingly selected for high-end applications where its superior properties justify the expense:&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Titanium is used in architectural cladding for building exteriors, particularly in high-profile structures where a sleek, modern look is desired. Its natural resistance to environmental factors like pollution and saltwater makes it ideal for coastal areas.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Similar to cladding, titanium is used in roofing systems, especially for buildings that require long-lasting materials. It is particularly beneficial in situations where the roof needs to withstand harsh weather conditions without significant maintenance.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Titanium is sometimes used in structural components where strength, lightweight, and resistance to corrosion are critical. Although less common than steel or aluminium, its use is growing in specialised applications.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Due to its strength and lightweight properties, titanium is occasionally used in the frames of large windows and curtain walls. This allows for the creation of large, unsupported glass areas while maintaining structural integrity.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Titanium bolts, nuts, and other connectors are used in construction projects, particularly where exposure to moisture or corrosive environments is a concern, such as in bridges or coastal buildings.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Titanium is sometimes used in decorative elements like façade features, sculptures, or other architectural details due to its unique colouration and ability to form natural oxide layers that change colour under different lighting conditions.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* Given its excellent resistance to seawater, titanium is used in structures such as piers, jetties, and other coastal or offshore constructions where long-term durability against corrosion is essential.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Designing Buildings</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=232662&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Designing Buildings at 09:46, 13 June 2022</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=232662&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2022-06-13T09:46:50Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:46, 13 June 2022&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best strength to weight ratios but it has a poor compressive strength. It is notable as one of the most biocompatible metals as it is not harmful or toxic to living tissue. It is resistant to corrosion because in oxygen it naturally forms a protective oxide film, making it resistant to corrosion &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;alsoin &lt;/del&gt;bodily fluids.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best strength to weight ratios &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;- &lt;/ins&gt;but it has a poor compressive strength. It is notable as one of the most biocompatible metals as it is not harmful or toxic to living tissue. It is resistant to corrosion because in oxygen it naturally forms a protective oxide film, making it resistant to corrosion &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;also in &lt;/ins&gt;bodily fluids.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium ore was first discovered in the late 1700's by an English clergyman on Cornish beach sands, then &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;identified &lt;/del&gt;and named after Titans in Greek mytholoy &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;later &lt;/del&gt;by a German chemist. It is the fourth most abundant structural metal on Earth with primary ores of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;aswell &lt;/del&gt;as anatase, perovskite, and sphene. Today the top exporters of Titanium are South Africa, Australia, Norway, Mozambique, and Sierra Leone, where half the Titanium mined comes from river sediments or alluvial deposits formed by rivers as they reach the sea&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;through a process of dredging or dry mining.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Titanium ore was first discovered in the late 1700's by an English clergyman on Cornish beach sands, then and &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;later &lt;/ins&gt;named after Titans in Greek mytholoy by a German chemist. It is the fourth most abundant structural metal on Earth with primary ores of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as well &lt;/ins&gt;as anatase, perovskite, and sphene. Today the top exporters of Titanium are South Africa, Australia, Norway, Mozambique, and Sierra Leone, where half the Titanium mined comes from river sediments or alluvial deposits formed by rivers as they reach the sea&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. It is extracted &lt;/ins&gt;through a process of dredging or dry mining.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;aswell &lt;/del&gt;as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as well &lt;/ins&gt;as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;nonaerospace &lt;/del&gt;industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;aswell &lt;/del&gt;as watches, tools and knives &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;also because of its resistance to corrosion&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;non-aerospace &lt;/ins&gt;industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as well &lt;/ins&gt;as watches, tools and knives.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Designing Buildings</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=232327&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 17:12, 7 June 2022</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=232327&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2022-06-07T17:12:00Z</updated>
		
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 17:12, 7 June 2022&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{|&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| [[File:&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Titanium mix&lt;/del&gt;.jpg]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| [[File:&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Titanium_mix.jpg|link=File:Titanium_mix&lt;/ins&gt;.jpg]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands aswell as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands aswell as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, nonaerospace industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, aswell as watches, tools and knives also &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;becasue &lt;/del&gt;of its resistance to corrosion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, nonaerospace industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, aswell as watches, tools and knives also &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;because &lt;/ins&gt;of its resistance to corrosion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Titanium&amp;diff=232326&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor: Created page with &quot;{| | File:Titanium mix.jpg |}  Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best str...&quot;</title>
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				<updated>2022-06-07T17:08:51Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;{| | &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/File:Titanium_mix.jpg&quot; title=&quot;File:Titanium mix.jpg&quot;&gt;File:Titanium mix.jpg&lt;/a&gt; |}  Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best str...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{|&lt;br /&gt;
| [[File:Titanium mix.jpg]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, lightweight silvery grey metal that has a very very high tensile strength, which gives it one of the best strength to weight ratios but it has a poor compressive strength. It is notable as one of the most biocompatible metals as it is not harmful or toxic to living tissue. It is resistant to corrosion because in oxygen it naturally forms a protective oxide film, making it resistant to corrosion alsoin bodily fluids.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Titanium ore was first discovered in the late 1700's by an English clergyman on Cornish beach sands, then identified and named after Titans in Greek mytholoy later by a German chemist. It is the fourth most abundant structural metal on Earth with primary ores of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile aswell as anatase, perovskite, and sphene. Today the top exporters of Titanium are South Africa, Australia, Norway, Mozambique, and Sierra Leone, where half the Titanium mined comes from river sediments or alluvial deposits formed by rivers as they reach the sea, through a process of dredging or dry mining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Negative impacts of mining are generally land-use changes such as deforestation, erosion, alteration of soil profiles, streams and wetlands aswell as noise and dust pollution. However because titanium does not degrade it is 100% recyclable and currently around 90% of titanium is recycled via processes that require significantly lower water and energy use than it takes to process the metal from its virgin ores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The three main markets for titanium metals are in aerospace, nonaerospace industries, and alloy additives. The manufacture of gas turbines accounts for almost half of the annual titanium production, whilst many aircraft frames include titanium alloys because of the weight to strength ratios. Likewise Titanium is an important material for medical prosthetics such as hip-joint replacements because of its weight and strength but also because of its resistance to corrosion even in the human body. It is also used to manufacture anodes in electrolytic solutions because of corrosion resistance, in building servicing products such as diffusers, filtration pumps, heat exchangers, valves, aswell as watches, tools and knives also becasue of its resistance to corrosion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cast iron.&lt;br /&gt;
* Chrome.&lt;br /&gt;
* Concrete-steel composite structures.&lt;br /&gt;
* Constructing steel buildings.&lt;br /&gt;
* Corrosion.&lt;br /&gt;
* Decorative metal ceilings.&lt;br /&gt;
* Failure of metals.&lt;br /&gt;
* Galvanised steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Guidance for construction quality management professionals: Structural Steelwork.&lt;br /&gt;
* Metal.&lt;br /&gt;
* Mesh mould metal.&lt;br /&gt;
* Stainless steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Stainless steel vs. galvanised steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Structural steelwork.&lt;br /&gt;
* Sustainable materials.&lt;br /&gt;
* Types of steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Weathering steel.&lt;br /&gt;
* Zinc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

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