The Commons - Revision history

Archiblog at 08:24, 11 October 2023

2023-10-11T08:24:22Z

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	7 Her Majesty's Government (1944) [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo6/7-8/31/contents/enacted Education Act, 1944]		7 Her Majesty's Government (1944) [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo6/7-8/31/contents/enacted Education Act, 1944]

−	8 Her Majesty's Government (1963) [~~http~~://~~www.educationengland~~.org~~.uk~~/documents/robbins/robbins1963.html~~#02~~ The Robbins Report]	+	8 Her Majesty's Government (1963) [https://education-uk.org/documents/robbins/robbins1963.html The Robbins Report]

	9 Fair Funding For All Schools (2017) [http://www.fairfundingforallschools.org Fair Funding For All Schools]		9 Fair Funding For All Schools (2017) [http://www.fairfundingforallschools.org Fair Funding For All Schools]

Archiblog at 05:29, 11 October 2023

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	[[File:Item_24140.gif\|link=File:Item_24140.gif]]		[[File:Item_24140.gif\|link=File:Item_24140.gif]]

−	• Word Cloud	+	• Animated Word Cloud depicting keyword metadata from the essays contained in this article

	== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==		== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==

Archiblog at 05:24, 11 October 2023

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−	[[File:~~Item 24140~~.gif]]	+	[[File:Item_24140.gif\|link=File:Item_24140.gif]]

−	~~This article contains two essays.~~	+	• Word Cloud

	== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==		== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==
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	14 Wesleyan University (2014) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ac2anvr0cAI Listening to the Local and Practical Idealism]		14 Wesleyan University (2014) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ac2anvr0cAI Listening to the Local and Practical Idealism]
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		+	== Further Reading ==
		+
		+	Bollier, D. (2011) '[https://www.bollier.org/ugo-mattei-commons-market-and-state Ugo Mattei on the Commons, Market and State]', bollier.org, 29 July, 11.26 BST.
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		+	Sanchez, J. (2021) '[https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780429432118/architecture-commons-jose-sanchez Architecture for the Commons: Participatory Systems in the Age of Platforms]', Routledge, [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/London London].
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		+	Unattributed (2023) '[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commons Commons]', Wikipedia.
		+
		+	Walljasper, J. (2010) '[https://archive.org/details/allthatwesharefi0000wall All that we share : a field guide to the commons]', Perseus, New York - on the Internet Archive.

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Archiblog at 05:16, 11 October 2023

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← Older revision		Revision as of 05:16, 11 October 2023
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	This article contains two essays.		This article contains two essays.

Archiblog at 12:01, 10 October 2023

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−	This article ~~icontains~~ two essays.	+	This article contains two essays.

	== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==		== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==

Archiblog at 12:01, 10 October 2023

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	--[[User:Archiblog\|Archiblog]] 12:07, 10 Oct 2023 (BST)		--[[User:Archiblog\|Archiblog]] 12:07, 10 Oct 2023 (BST)
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		+	[[Category:Education]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Other_legislation]]

Archiblog at 12:00, 10 October 2023

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	Firstly, we know that:		Firstly, we know that:

−	# a commons is a resource to which a community has free access [[https://extremelyprovocative.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/what-are-social-goods-what-is-the-commons/ 1]a][1b]	+	# a commons is a resource to which a community has free access [[https://extremelyprovocative.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/what-are-social-goods-what-is-the-commons/ 1]a][1b];
	# social goods can be defined, after Roth, as "inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatization; and belonging to a commons" [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIdcKcYpow 2]].		# social goods can be defined, after Roth, as "inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatization; and belonging to a commons" [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIdcKcYpow 2]].

Archiblog at 11:59, 10 October 2023

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	Firstly, we know that:		Firstly, we know that:

−	# a commons is a resource to which a community has free access [[https://extremelyprovocative.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/what-are-social-goods-what-is-the-commons/ 1]]	+	# a commons is a resource to which a community has free access [[https://extremelyprovocative.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/what-are-social-goods-what-is-the-commons/ 1]a][1b]
	# social goods can be defined, after Roth, as "inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatization; and belonging to a commons" [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIdcKcYpow 2]].		# social goods can be defined, after Roth, as "inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatization; and belonging to a commons" [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIdcKcYpow 2]].

Archiblog at 11:55, 10 October 2023

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−	This article ~~is in~~ two ~~parts~~.	+	This article icontains two essays.

−	== ~~Part~~ 1 What are social goods? What is the commons? ==	+	== Essay 1: What are social goods? What is the commons? ==

	This essay assumes that social goods are 'goods which are inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatisation; belonging to the commons' (see Roth in Lesson 1).		This essay assumes that social goods are 'goods which are inclusive (non-excludable); free; universally accessible; not for sale; not for privatisation; belonging to the commons' (see Roth in Lesson 1).

−	== 1.1 What do we know? ==	+	== • 1.1 What do we know? ==

	In 1948, the National Health Service was set up by Aneurin Bevan MP, to be "a free and universally accessible system of health care, publicly owned and publicly funded through general taxation" (Unite). Since 2010, however, Jeremy Hunt MP has encouraged a number of private corporations to compete for and win contracts thus restricting access to the NHS on the basis of private ownership (p.4, 'Unite guide to Privatisation of the NHS').		In 1948, the National Health Service was set up by Aneurin Bevan MP, to be "a free and universally accessible system of health care, publicly owned and publicly funded through general taxation" (Unite). Since 2010, however, Jeremy Hunt MP has encouraged a number of private corporations to compete for and win contracts thus restricting access to the NHS on the basis of private ownership (p.4, 'Unite guide to Privatisation of the NHS').
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	Thus we know from these two examples that individuals and corporations can affect the commons either positively or negatively.		Thus we know from these two examples that individuals and corporations can affect the commons either positively or negatively.

−	== 1.2 Why do we care? ==	+	== • 1.2 Why do we care? ==

	The initiatives by Bevan and Boyle and the counter-initiatives by Hunt et al. and Blunket and his successors represent two different types of social worlds - those in which "you can have a common good and you can organize the society in accordance with that" (Moon, Lesson 2) and those in which "there is not much of a common good" (ib.).		The initiatives by Bevan and Boyle and the counter-initiatives by Hunt et al. and Blunket and his successors represent two different types of social worlds - those in which "you can have a common good and you can organize the society in accordance with that" (Moon, Lesson 2) and those in which "there is not much of a common good" (ib.).
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	Thus this essay argues that the cooperative (Penguin) model of the social world exemplified by Bevan and Boyle is preferable to the self-interest (Leviathan) model of the social world represented by Hunt etc.		Thus this essay argues that the cooperative (Penguin) model of the social world exemplified by Bevan and Boyle is preferable to the self-interest (Leviathan) model of the social world represented by Hunt etc.

−	== 1.3 What can we do? ==	+	== • 1.3 What can we do? ==

	In the final chapter of his book, Benkler suggests that we need to be aware of the role of cooperation in the design of successful systems.		In the final chapter of his book, Benkler suggests that we need to be aware of the role of cooperation in the design of successful systems.
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−	== ~~Part~~ 2 What are social goods? What is the commons? (2) ==	+	== Essay 2: What are social goods? What is the commons? (2) ==

	This essay assumes that public education is a commons in the East Midlands in England and that we can reconstruct it.		This essay assumes that public education is a commons in the East Midlands in England and that we can reconstruct it.

−	== 2.1 What do we know? ==	+	== • 2.1 What do we know? ==

	Firstly, we know that:		Firstly, we know that:
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	Thirdly, we also know that public education in the East Midlands is being depleted as a result of funding cuts [[https://www.schoolcuts.org.uk/#!/ 4]] and that free access to higher education is no longer available since it was abandoned in 1998 with the introduction of tuition fees [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom 5]].		Thirdly, we also know that public education in the East Midlands is being depleted as a result of funding cuts [[https://www.schoolcuts.org.uk/#!/ 4]] and that free access to higher education is no longer available since it was abandoned in 1998 with the introduction of tuition fees [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom 5]].

−	== 2.2 Why do we care? ==	+	== • 2.2 Why do we care? ==

	Moon has suggested that there are two different types of social worlds - those in which we can have a common good and those in which we can't [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-GXV6Edmoo 6]]. People who care about public education do so because they recognize its value. Hence they prefer the former type and have therefore developed rules and norms to prevent its depletion. For example:		Moon has suggested that there are two different types of social worlds - those in which we can have a common good and those in which we can't [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-GXV6Edmoo 6]]. People who care about public education do so because they recognize its value. Hence they prefer the former type and have therefore developed rules and norms to prevent its depletion. For example:
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	Thus this essay argues that public education in the East Midlands requires the most radical contribution.		Thus this essay argues that public education in the East Midlands requires the most radical contribution.

−	== 2.3 What can we do? ==	+	== • 2.3 What can we do? ==

	Butler has warned that "legislation can do little more than pave the way for reform" [[http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/wp1943/educational-reconstruction.html 11]]. What Butler did not anticipate, however, was that the Education Act, 1944 would be sabotaged by the Education Reform Act, 1988 [[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/40/contents 12]], which effectively began the depletion of public education.		Butler has warned that "legislation can do little more than pave the way for reform" [[http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/wp1943/educational-reconstruction.html 11]]. What Butler did not anticipate, however, was that the Education Act, 1944 would be sabotaged by the Education Reform Act, 1988 [[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/40/contents 12]], which effectively began the depletion of public education.

Archiblog at 11:07, 10 October 2023

2023-10-10T11:07:08Z

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	14 Wesleyan University (2014) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ac2anvr0cAI Listening to the Local and Practical Idealism]		14 Wesleyan University (2014) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ac2anvr0cAI Listening to the Local and Practical Idealism]
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		+	--[[User:Archiblog\|Archiblog]] 12:07, 10 Oct 2023 (BST)