Tensile strength - Revision history

Editor at 14:31, 11 February 2022

2022-02-11T14:31:43Z

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	* Tension.		* Tension.
	* The development of structural membranes.		* The development of structural membranes.
		+	* Ties.

	= External resources =		= External resources =

Designing Buildings at 08:04, 28 January 2022

2022-01-28T08:04:08Z

Editor at 10:24, 27 January 2022

2022-01-27T10:24:28Z

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	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	Tensile strength can be defined as the measurement of the force required to pull a material in opposite directions to the point of ~~failure or~~ permanent deformation. Tensile strength is what takes place when particles resist tension and are pulled apart. It is the opposite of compression strength, which is what occurs when the particles resist compression and are pushed together.	+	Tensile strength can be defined as the measurement of the force required to pull a material in opposite directions to the point of permanent deformation or failure. Tensile strength is what takes place when particles resist tension and are pulled apart. It is the opposite of compression strength, which is what occurs when the particles resist compression and are pushed together.

−	As an engineering characteristic, tensile strength is significant in ~~all types of~~ materials used for construction. It ~~measures~~ the suitability of building materials for various applications, particularly those materials that will be required as structural supports. When describing the properties of certain materials such as metals and alloys, the tensile strength may be included in material specification documents.	+	As an engineering characteristic, tensile strength is significant in materials used for construction. It gauges the suitability of building materials for various applications, particularly those materials that will be required as structural supports. When describing the properties of certain materials such as metals and alloys, the tensile strength may be included in material specification documents.

	= Stress, tension and tensile strength =		= Stress, tension and tensile strength =
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	* Yield strength. This type of tensile strength refers to the approximate amount of stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing permanent deformation of 0.2% of its original shape.		* Yield strength. This type of tensile strength refers to the approximate amount of stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing permanent deformation of 0.2% of its original shape.
−	* Ultimate strength. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is a type of tensile strength that is measured in units of force per cross-sectional area. It refers to the maximum stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing failure ~~and~~ will be unable to return to its original shape. UTS is an intensive property - it is a characteristic of the material that will be consistent regardless of the sample size. (Note that tensile strength and ultimate tensile strength are not ~~technically the same thing~~, although they are sometimes used interchangeably.)	+	* Ultimate strength. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is a type of tensile strength that is measured in units of force per cross-sectional area. It refers to the maximum stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing failure to the point it will be unable to return to its original shape. UTS is an intensive property - it is a characteristic of the material that will be consistent regardless of the sample size. (Note that tensile strength and ultimate tensile strength are not completely synonymous, although they are sometimes used interchangeably. UTS is a specific type of tensile strength.)
	* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.		* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.

−	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure. ~~The~~ chart ~~below relays~~ the ultimate tensile ~~strengths~~ of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths some typical materials], depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials.	+	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure.
		+
		+	This chart shows the ultimate tensile strength of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths some typical materials] (depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials).

	{\|		{\|
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	= Testing tensile strength =		= Testing tensile strength =

−	It is possible to measure ~~precisely~~ the tensile strength of materials by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.	+	It is possible to measure the tensile strength of materials precisely by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.

	UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 Mega Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 tonne force.		UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 Mega Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 tonne force.

Editor at 18:15, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T18:15:41Z

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	* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.		* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.

−	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure. The chart below relays the ultimate tensile strengths of some materials depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials.	+	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure. The chart below relays the ultimate tensile strengths of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths some typical materials], depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials.

	{\|		{\|
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	* Tension.		* Tension.
	* The development of structural membranes.		* The development of structural membranes.
		+
		+	= External resources =
		+
		+	* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths Typical tensile strengths].
		+
		+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Editor at 18:10, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T18:10:36Z

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	* Compression.		* Compression.
	* Compressive strength.		* Compressive strength.
−	* ~~Stress~~.	+	* Structural stress.
	* Tensegrity.		* Tensegrity.
	* Tensegrity bamboo pavilion		* Tensegrity bamboo pavilion

Editor at 18:09, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T18:09:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 26 January 2022
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	* Compression.		* Compression.
	* Compressive strength.		* Compressive strength.
		+	* Stress.
	* Tensegrity.		* Tensegrity.
	* Tensegrity bamboo pavilion		* Tensegrity bamboo pavilion

Editor at 18:04, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T18:04:14Z

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	It is possible to measure precisely the tensile strength of materials by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.		It is possible to measure precisely the tensile strength of materials by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.

−	UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 Mega Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 ~~ton~~ force.	+	UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 Mega Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 tonne force.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Editor at 18:03, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T18:03:35Z

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	{\|		{\|
−	~~\|width="50%"~~\| Material	+	\| Material
−	~~\|width="50%"~~\| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)	+	\| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)
	\|-		\|-
	\| Silicon		\| Silicon
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	It is possible to measure precisely the tensile strength of materials by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.		It is possible to measure precisely the tensile strength of materials by conducting an elongation test under carefully controlled conditions. This tensile test (also known as a tension test) uses a universal testing machine (UTM) to stretch the specimen at slow, continuous, standardised rate until it fails.

−	UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 ~~mega~~ Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 ton force.	+	UTMs can typically have testing capacities of up to 53 Mega Newtons (MN) which is equal to a 5,404 ton force.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Editor at 17:56, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T17:56:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:56, 26 January 2022
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	* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.		* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material officially occurs.

−	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure. The chart below relays the ultimate tensile strengths of some materials ~~based on~~ depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials.	+	Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure. The chart below relays the ultimate tensile strengths of some materials depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials.

	{\|		{\|
−	\| Material	+	\|width="50%"\| Material
−	\| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)	+	\|width="50%"\| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)
−	\|-	+
−	~~\| Marble~~	+
−	~~\| 13~~	+
	\|-		\|-
	\| Silicon		\| Silicon
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	\| Basalt fibre		\| Basalt fibre
	\| 4840		\| 4840
−	\|-
−	~~\| Concrete~~
−	~~\| 2 to 5~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| Boron		\| Boron
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	\| 2800		\| 2800
	\|-		\|-
−	\| ~~Wood (pine, taken parallel to the grain)~~	+	\| Sapphire
−	\| 40	+	\| 1900
	\|-		\|-
	\| Tungsten		\| Tungsten
	\| 1510		\| 1510
−	\|-
−	~~\| Sapphire~~
−	~~\| 1j900~~
−	\|-
−	~~\| Rubber~~
−	~~\| 16~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| Brass		\| Brass
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	\| Human hair		\| Human hair
	\| 200 to 250		\| 200 to 250
		+	\|-
		+	\| Wood (pine, taken parallel to the grain)
		+	\| 40
		+	\|-
		+	\| Rubber
		+	\| 16
		+	\|-
		+	\| Marble
		+	\| 13
		+	\|-
		+	\| Concrete
		+	\| 2 to 5
	\|}		\|}

Editor at 17:46, 26 January 2022

2022-01-26T17:46:28Z

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	[[File:NeckingDiagram.jpg\|link=File:NeckingDiagram.jpg]]		[[File:NeckingDiagram.jpg\|link=File:NeckingDiagram.jpg]]

−	This schematic depiction ~~of necking illsutrates~~ how, prior to necking, the entire material evenly undergoes plastic deformation. Once an unstable neck forms, the cross-sectional area of the neck will continue to decrease under load, while the un-necked material no longer plastically deforms.	+	This schematic depiction illustrates how, prior to necking, the entire material evenly undergoes plastic deformation. Once an unstable neck forms, the cross-sectional area of the neck will continue to decrease under load, while the un-necked material no longer plastically deforms.
	\|}		\|}

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:04, 28 January 2022
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	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	Tensile strength can be defined as ~~the measurement of~~ the force required to pull a material in opposite directions to the point of permanent deformation or failure. Tensile strength is ~~what takes place when particles resist~~ tension ~~and are pulled apart~~. It is the opposite of compression strength, which is ~~what occurs when~~ the ~~particles resist~~ compression ~~and~~ are pushed together.	+	Tensile strength can be defined as the force required to pull a material in opposite directions to the point of permanent deformation or failure. Tensile strength is the resistance to tension. It is the opposite of compression strength, which is the resistance of compression when items are pushed together.

−	As an engineering characteristic, tensile strength is significant in materials used for construction. It gauges the suitability of building materials for various applications, particularly those materials that will be required as structural ~~supports~~. When describing the properties of ~~certain~~ materials such as metals and alloys, the tensile strength may be included in material specification documents.	+	As an engineering characteristic, tensile strength is significant in materials used for construction. It gauges the suitability of building materials for various applications, particularly those materials that will be required as structural elements. When describing the properties of materials such as metals and alloys, the tensile strength may be included in material specification documents.

	= Stress, tension and tensile strength =		= Stress, tension and tensile strength =

−	~~As a state of stress, tensile strength is sometimes referred to as tension.~~ Tension is a state of stress in which a material is being pulled apart, for example a cable that is attached to a ceiling with a weight fixed to its lower end. Under the influence of gravity, the weight exerts a downward pressure that produces tension in the cable, as does the reaction at the fixing point in the ceiling.	+	Tension is a state of stress in which a material is being pulled apart, for example a cable that is attached to a ceiling with a weight fixed to its lower end. Under the influence of gravity, the weight exerts a downward pressure that produces tension in the cable, as does the reaction at the fixing point in the ceiling.

	Tension has different effects on materials: concrete does not accommodate tensile stresses well and may crack and suffer extensive damage – with little elongation; while steel is very strong in tension and can elongate substantially under load. It is for this reason that concrete is often reinforced with steel rebar.		Tension has different effects on materials: concrete does not accommodate tensile stresses well and may crack and suffer extensive damage – with little elongation; while steel is very strong in tension and can elongate substantially under load. It is for this reason that concrete is often reinforced with steel rebar.
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	Engineering properties associated with materials can be measured according to three different types of tensile strength. These include:		Engineering properties associated with materials can be measured according to three different types of tensile strength. These include:

−	* Yield strength. This ~~type of tensile strength~~ refers to the approximate amount of stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing permanent deformation of 0.2% of its original shape.	+	* Yield strength. This refers to the approximate amount of stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing permanent deformation of 0.2% of its original shape.
−	* Ultimate strength. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) ~~is a type of tensile strength that~~ is measured in units of force per cross-sectional area. It refers to the maximum stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing failure to the point it will be unable to return to its original shape. UTS is an intensive property - it is a characteristic of the material that will be consistent regardless of the sample size. (Note that tensile strength and ultimate tensile strength are not completely synonymous, although they are sometimes used interchangeably. UTS is a specific type of tensile strength.)	+	* Ultimate strength. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is measured in units of force per cross-sectional area. It refers to the maximum stress a material can undergo prior to experiencing failure to the point it will be unable to return to its original shape. UTS is an intensive property - it is a characteristic of the material that will be consistent regardless of the sample size. (Note that tensile strength and ultimate tensile strength are not completely synonymous, although they are sometimes used interchangeably. UTS is a specific type of tensile strength.)
−	* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material ~~officially~~ occurs.	+	* Fracture or breaking strength. This type of tensile strength is the point (or stress value) during a tensile strength test where rupture to the material occurs.
−		+
−	~~Tensile strength is usually measured as the amount of force in pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa) required to pull a specimen to the point of material failure~~.	+

	This chart shows the ultimate tensile strength of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths some typical materials] (depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials).		This chart shows the ultimate tensile strength of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_tensile_strength#Typical_tensile_strengths some typical materials] (depending on the manufacturing process and purity or composition of the materials).