Structure definition - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 09:29, 12 December 2022

2022-12-12T09:29:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:29, 12 December 2022
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		+	[[File:Structure-gc58a04cb9_1280.jpg\|link=File:Structure-gc58a04cb9_1280.jpg]]
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	= What is a structure? =		= What is a structure? =

	Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground. This includes complete items such as buildings, and parts of items, such as arches. It can also be used to refer to a body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, but is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures.		Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground. This includes complete items such as buildings, and parts of items, such as arches. It can also be used to refer to a body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, but is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures.
−
−	~~[[File:Structure-gc58a04cb9 1280.jpg]]~~

	= What are common examples of structures? =		= What are common examples of structures? =

Designing Buildings at 09:29, 12 December 2022

2022-12-12T09:29:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:29, 12 December 2022
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−	~~Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that~~ is ~~constructed or built from different interrelated parts with~~ a ~~fixed location on the ground.~~	+	= What is a structure? =

−	This includes buildings, ~~but the term structure~~ can also be used to refer to ~~any~~ body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, ~~even if it~~ is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures. ~~Common examples include:~~	+	Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground. This includes complete items such as buildings, and parts of items, such as arches. It can also be used to refer to a body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, but is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures.

−	* Aqueducts ~~and viaducts~~.	+	[[File:Structure-gc58a04cb9 1280.jpg]]
		+
		+	= What are common examples of structures? =
		+
		+	Common examples of structures include:
		+
		+	* Aqueducts.
	* Bridges.		* Bridges.
−	* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].	+	* Cooling towers.
−	* Cooling towers ~~and chimneys~~.	+	* Dams.
−	* ~~[[Dam_construction\|~~Dams~~]].~~	+	* Oil rigs.
−	* Railways.	+
−	* ~~Roads~~.	+
	* Retaining walls.		* Retaining walls.
		+	* Scaffolding.
	* Tunnels.		* Tunnels.
		+	* Towers.
		+	* Viaducts.
		+
		+	For more information see: Types of structure.
		+
		+	= What types of engineers design structures? =

	Structural engineers design, assess and inspect structures to ensure that they are efficient and stable. Structural engineers work on a very wide range of structures, including; buildings, bridges, oil rigs, and so on.		Structural engineers design, assess and inspect structures to ensure that they are efficient and stable. Structural engineers work on a very wide range of structures, including; buildings, bridges, oil rigs, and so on.
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	According to William R Spillers 'Introduction to Structures', structural analysis ‘…is for the most part concerned with finding the structural response (the lateral deflection of a building under wind load, the reaction of a bridge to a moving train,…) given external loads. In all but the most trivial cases, real structures, that is structures without the simplifications commonly associated with analysis, turn out to be impossibly complex. And what is finally analysed – the structural model – may appear at first glance to be quite different than the real structure’.		According to William R Spillers 'Introduction to Structures', structural analysis ‘…is for the most part concerned with finding the structural response (the lateral deflection of a building under wind load, the reaction of a bridge to a moving train,…) given external loads. In all but the most trivial cases, real structures, that is structures without the simplifications commonly associated with analysis, turn out to be impossibly complex. And what is finally analysed – the structural model – may appear at first glance to be quite different than the real structure’.
		+
		+	For more information see: Structural engineer and Civil engineer.
		+
		+	= What are structural elements? =

	In their most simple form, structural elements can be classified as:		In their most simple form, structural elements can be classified as:

−	* One-dimensional: Ropes, struts, beams~~, arches~~.	+	* One-dimensional: Ropes, struts, beams.
	* Two-dimensional: Membranes, plates, slab, shells, vaults.		* Two-dimensional: Membranes, plates, slab, shells, vaults.
	* Three-dimensional: Solid masses.		* Three-dimensional: Solid masses.

−	Approved document B, Fire Safety, Volume 2, Buildings other than dwellinghouses, paragraph B3.iii defines ‘elements of structure’ as:	+	Approved document B, Fire Safety, Volume 2, Buildings other than dwellinghouses, paragraph B3.iii defines ‘elements of structure’ as: ‘….the main structural loadbearing elements, such as structural frames, floors and loadbearing walls. Compartment walls are treated as elements of structure although they are not necessarily loadbearing. Roofs, unless they serve the function of a floor, are not treated as elements of structure. External walls, such as curtain walls or other forms of cladding which transmit only self weight and wind loads and do not transmit floor load, are not regarded as loadbearing…’
−		+
−	‘….the main structural loadbearing elements, such as structural frames, floors and loadbearing walls. Compartment walls are treated as elements of structure although they are not necessarily loadbearing. Roofs, unless they serve the function of a floor, are not treated as elements of structure. External walls, such as curtain walls or other forms of cladding which transmit only self weight and wind loads and do not transmit floor load, are not regarded as loadbearing…’	+

	Very broadly, the 'substructure' refers to work below the underside of the screed or, where no screed exists, to the underside of the lowest floor finishes, and the 'superstructure includes works above that level. See Substructure and Superstructure for more detailed definitions.		Very broadly, the 'substructure' refers to work below the underside of the screed or, where no screed exists, to the underside of the lowest floor finishes, and the 'superstructure includes works above that level. See Substructure and Superstructure for more detailed definitions.

−	NB The CDM Regulations suggest that structure means:	+	For more information see: Elements of structure in buildings.
		+
		+	= Other definitions of structure =
		+
		+	The CDM Regulations suggest that structure means:

	(a) any building, timber, masonry, metal or reinforced concrete structure, railway line or siding, tramway line, dock, harbour, inland navigation, tunnel, shaft, bridge, viaduct, waterworks, reservoir, pipe or pipeline, cable, aqueduct, sewer, sewage works, gasholder, road, airfield, sea defence works, river works, drainage works, earthworks, lagoon, dam, wall, caisson, mast, tower, pylon, underground tank, earth retaining structure or structure designed to preserve or alter any natural feature and fixed plant;		(a) any building, timber, masonry, metal or reinforced concrete structure, railway line or siding, tramway line, dock, harbour, inland navigation, tunnel, shaft, bridge, viaduct, waterworks, reservoir, pipe or pipeline, cable, aqueduct, sewer, sewage works, gasholder, road, airfield, sea defence works, river works, drainage works, earthworks, lagoon, dam, wall, caisson, mast, tower, pylon, underground tank, earth retaining structure or structure designed to preserve or alter any natural feature and fixed plant;
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	[https://www.rics.org/uk/upholding-professional-standards/sector-standards/real-estate/rics-property-measurement-2nd-edition/ RICS property measurement, 2nd edition], published by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) in January 2018, defines a structure as: ‘A construction that provides shelter or serves an ancillary function, but is not necessarily fully enclosed.’		[https://www.rics.org/uk/upholding-professional-standards/sector-standards/real-estate/rics-property-measurement-2nd-edition/ RICS property measurement, 2nd edition], published by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) in January 2018, defines a structure as: ‘A construction that provides shelter or serves an ancillary function, but is not necessarily fully enclosed.’

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Approved Document A.		* Approved Document A.
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	* Civil Engineering during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.		* Civil Engineering during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.
	* Concept structural design of buildings.		* Concept structural design of buildings.
−	* Elements of structure in buildings	+	* Elements of structure in buildings.
	* Engineer.		* Engineer.
−	* Engineering Council.
−	* History of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
	* Institution of Civil Engineers.		* Institution of Civil Engineers.
	* Institution of Structural Engineers IStructE.		* Institution of Structural Engineers IStructE.
−	* Lean to.
−	* Material utilisation (MUT).
	* Principles of enclosure.		* Principles of enclosure.
	* Roof structure.		* Roof structure.
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	* Structural principles.		* Structural principles.
	* Structural systems.		* Structural systems.
−	* Structural systems for offices.
−	* Structures at the end of their design life.
	* Substructure.		* Substructure.
	* Superstructure.		* Superstructure.
−	* The development of structural membranes.
−	* Tower.
	* Types of structure.		* Types of structure.

	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Theory]]		[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Theory]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 216.160.80.137 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2021-12-15T07:00:04Z

Reverted edits by 216.160.80.137 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:00, 15 December 2021
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	Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground.		Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground.

−	This includes buildings, but the term structure can ~~not~~ also be used to refer to any body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, even if it is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes ~~do not~~ refer to these as 'non-building' structures. Common examples include:	+	This includes buildings, but the term structure can also be used to refer to any body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, even if it is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures. Common examples include:

	* Aqueducts and viaducts.		* Aqueducts and viaducts.

216.160.80.137 at 23:34, 14 December 2021

2021-12-14T23:34:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:34, 14 December 2021
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	Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground.		Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground.

−	This includes buildings, but the term structure can also be used to refer to any body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, even if it is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures. Common examples include:	+	This includes buildings, but the term structure can not also be used to refer to any body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, even if it is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes do not refer to these as 'non-building' structures. Common examples include:

	* Aqueducts and viaducts.		* Aqueducts and viaducts.

Designing Buildings at 08:57, 25 November 2020

2020-11-25T08:57:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:57, 25 November 2020
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	and any reference to a structure includes part of a structure.		and any reference to a structure includes part of a structure.
		+
		+	[https://www.rics.org/uk/upholding-professional-standards/sector-standards/real-estate/rics-property-measurement-2nd-edition/ RICS property measurement, 2nd edition], published by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) in January 2018, defines a structure as: ‘A construction that provides shelter or serves an ancillary function, but is not necessarily fully enclosed.’

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Designing Buildings at 06:21, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T06:21:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:21, 5 October 2020
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	Very broadly, the 'substructure' refers to work below the underside of the screed or, where no screed exists, to the underside of the lowest floor finishes, and the 'superstructure includes works above that level. See Substructure and Superstructure for more detailed definitions.		Very broadly, the 'substructure' refers to work below the underside of the screed or, where no screed exists, to the underside of the lowest floor finishes, and the 'superstructure includes works above that level. See Substructure and Superstructure for more detailed definitions.
		+
		+	NB The CDM Regulations suggest that structure means:
		+
		+	(a) any building, timber, masonry, metal or reinforced concrete structure, railway line or siding, tramway line, dock, harbour, inland navigation, tunnel, shaft, bridge, viaduct, waterworks, reservoir, pipe or pipeline, cable, aqueduct, sewer, sewage works, gasholder, road, airfield, sea defence works, river works, drainage works, earthworks, lagoon, dam, wall, caisson, mast, tower, pylon, underground tank, earth retaining structure or structure designed to preserve or alter any natural feature and fixed plant;
		+
		+	(b) any structure similar to anything specified in paragraph (a);
		+
		+	(c) any formwork, falsework, scaffold or other structure designed or used to provide support or means of access during construction work,
		+
		+	and any reference to a structure includes part of a structure.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Editor: Undo revision 174370 by 185.73.153.78 (talk)

2020-09-18T11:09:33Z

Undo revision 174370 by 185.73.153.78 (talk)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:09, 18 September 2020
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	* Aqueducts and viaducts.		* Aqueducts and viaducts.
−	* ~~fonhigh~~	+	* Bridges.
	* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].		* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].
	* Cooling towers and chimneys.		* Cooling towers and chimneys.

185.73.153.78 at 09:34, 18 September 2020

2020-09-18T09:34:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:34, 18 September 2020
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	* Aqueducts and viaducts.		* Aqueducts and viaducts.
−	* ~~Bridges.~~	+	* fonhigh
	* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].		* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].
	* Cooling towers and chimneys.		* Cooling towers and chimneys.

Designing Buildings at 06:52, 30 August 2020

2020-08-30T06:52:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:52, 30 August 2020
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	* Types of structure.		* Types of structure.

−	[[Category:~~Articles_needing_more_work~~]] [[Category:~~Definitions~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Definition~~]] [[Category:Theory]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Theory]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 197.33.18.143 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2020-06-01T21:41:55Z

Reverted edits by 197.33.18.143 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:41, 1 June 2020
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		+	Within the context of the built environment , the term ‘structure’ refers to anything that is constructed or built from different interrelated parts with a fixed location on the ground.

		+	This includes buildings, but the term structure can also be used to refer to any body of connected parts that is designed to bear loads, even if it is not intended to be occupied by people. Engineers sometimes refer to these as 'non-building' structures. Common examples include:

−	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Theory]]	+	* Aqueducts and viaducts.
		+	* Bridges.
		+	* [[Canal_construction\|Canals]].
		+	* Cooling towers and chimneys.
		+	* [[Dam_construction\|Dams]].
		+	* Railways.
		+	* Roads.
		+	* Retaining walls.
		+	* Tunnels.
		+
		+	Structural engineers design, assess and inspect structures to ensure that they are efficient and stable. Structural engineers work on a very wide range of structures, including; buildings, bridges, oil rigs, and so on.
		+
		+	Civil engineers design, construct, maintain and improve the physical environment, including bridges, tunnels, roads, railways, canals, dams, coastal defences, and so on. The term ‘civil’ engineer is a more broad one than ‘structural’ engineer that can include infrastructure such as pipelines, transportation, environmental engineering, maritime engineering, and so on. It was originally coined to distinguish it from military engineering.
		+
		+	Structural engineering was initially considered a sub-discipline of civil engineering, however it has developed into an important and complex specialism and is now be considered an specific engineering discipline in its own right.
		+
		+	According to William R Spillers 'Introduction to Structures', structural analysis ‘…is for the most part concerned with finding the structural response (the lateral deflection of a building under wind load, the reaction of a bridge to a moving train,…) given external loads. In all but the most trivial cases, real structures, that is structures without the simplifications commonly associated with analysis, turn out to be impossibly complex. And what is finally analysed – the structural model – may appear at first glance to be quite different than the real structure’.
		+
		+	In their most simple form, structural elements can be classified as:
		+
		+	* One-dimensional: Ropes, struts, beams, arches.
		+	* Two-dimensional: Membranes, plates, slab, shells, vaults.
		+	* Three-dimensional: Solid masses.
		+
		+	Approved document B, Fire Safety, Volume 2, Buildings other than dwellinghouses, paragraph B3.iii defines ‘elements of structure’ as:
		+
		+	‘….the main structural loadbearing elements, such as structural frames, floors and loadbearing walls. Compartment walls are treated as elements of structure although they are not necessarily loadbearing. Roofs, unless they serve the function of a floor, are not treated as elements of structure. External walls, such as curtain walls or other forms of cladding which transmit only self weight and wind loads and do not transmit floor load, are not regarded as loadbearing…’
		+
		+	Very broadly, the 'substructure' refers to work below the underside of the screed or, where no screed exists, to the underside of the lowest floor finishes, and the 'superstructure includes works above that level. See Substructure and Superstructure for more detailed definitions.
		+
		+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
		+
		+	* Approved Document A.
		+	* Building.
		+	* Civil engineer.
		+	* Civil Engineering during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.
		+	* Concept structural design of buildings.
		+	* Elements of structure in buildings
		+	* Engineer.
		+	* Engineering Council.
		+	* History of the Institution of Civil Engineers.
		+	* Institution of Civil Engineers.
		+	* Institution of Structural Engineers IStructE.
		+	* Lean to.
		+	* Material utilisation (MUT).
		+	* Principles of enclosure.
		+	* Roof structure.
		+	* Structural engineer.
		+	* Structural principles.
		+	* Structural systems.
		+	* Structural systems for offices.
		+	* Structures at the end of their design life.
		+	* Substructure.
		+	* Superstructure.
		+	* The development of structural membranes.
		+	* Tower.
		+	* Types of structure.
		+
		+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:Theory]]