Stale air - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 07:05, 5 August 2022

2022-08-05T07:05:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:05, 5 August 2022
Line 32:		Line 32:
	For more information see: Air change rates.		For more information see: Air change rates.

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

		+	* Air.
	* Air change rates.		* Air change rates.
	* Air conditioning.		* Air conditioning.
Line 40:		Line 41:
	* Air infiltration testing.		* Air infiltration testing.
	* Approved Document F.		* Approved Document F.
−	* Background ventilator.
−	* BREEAM Potential for natural ventilation.
−	* Computational fluid dynamics.
−	* Condensation.
−	* Convection.
	* Cross ventilation.		* Cross ventilation.
−	* Dew point.
	* Displacement ventilation.		* Displacement ventilation.
	* Domestic ventilation systems performance.		* Domestic ventilation systems performance.
	* Fresh air.		* Fresh air.
−	* Heat recovery ventilation.
−	* Humidity.
−	* HVAC.
−	* Indoor air velocity.
−	* Locating ventilation inlets to reduce ingress of external pollutants into buildings: A new methodology IP 9 14.
−	* Mechanical ventilation.
−	* Moisture.
	* Natural ventilation.		* Natural ventilation.
−	* ~~Passive building design.~~	+	* Ventilation.
−	* Preventing overheating.	+
−	* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.	+
−	* Stack effect.	+
−	* Thermal comfort.	+
−	* Underfloor air distribution.	+
−	* Vertical riser.	+
−	* Whole building ventilation.	+

	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]		[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]

Designing Buildings at 07:07, 24 February 2021

2021-02-24T07:07:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:07, 24 February 2021
Line 67:		Line 67:
	* Whole building ventilation.		* Whole building ventilation.

−	[[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]

Designing Buildings at 15:52, 27 September 2019

2019-09-27T15:52:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 27 September 2019
Line 6:		Line 6:

	{\|		{\|
−	~~\|width="50%"~~\| Accommodation	+	\| Accommodation
−	~~\|width="50%"~~\| Air-change rates per hour	+	\| Air-change rates per hour
	\|-		\|-
	\| Factories (large, open)		\| Factories (large, open)
Line 24:		Line 24:
	\| 10-15		\| 10-15
	\|-		\|-
−	\| Kitchens ~~(above ground)~~	+	\| Kitchens
−	\| 20~~-40~~	+	\| 20-60
−	\|-	+
−	~~\| Kitchens (below ground)~~	+
−	~~\| 40~~-60	+
	\|}		\|}

Designing Buildings at 15:51, 27 September 2019

2019-09-27T15:51:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 27 September 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	Stale air (sometimes called ~~‘vitiated’~~ air) is ~~the term usually given by services engineers to the~~ air ~~in a given space~~ that has been affected by ~~the~~ human, animal, mechanical ~~and~~ other activities ~~that have taken place over a period of time. The~~ effect of ~~these activities and objects require~~ that the ~~stale~~ air ~~should ideally be~~ replaced with fresh air to ensure optimal ~~human comfort~~ conditions	+	Stale air (sometimes called vitiated air) is air that has been affected by human, animal, mechanical or other activities, the effect of which requires that the air is replaced with fresh air to ensure optimal conditions. This might be the result of perspiration, smoking, cooking, use of appliances, musky carpets and fabrics, lack of ventilation and so on.

−	Stale air is the opposite of fresh air and can be affected by perspiration, smoking, cooking, other appliances especially computers and LED screens that can give off heat and sometimes a certain smell, musky carpets and fabrics.	+	In their calculations for air extraction, services engineers may consider specific volumes of stale air in m2 to be extracted per hour. They typically work to achieve desirable minimum fresh-air requirements for people and these will vary according to the activities concerned. These ventilation rates or air-change rates determine how many times per hour the stale air in a space should be completely replaced by fresh air.
−		+
−	In their calculations for air extraction, services engineers may consider specific volumes of stale air in m2 to be extracted per hour. They typically work to desirable minimum fresh-air requirements for people and these will vary according to the activities concerned. These ventilation rates or air-change rates determine how many times per hour the stale air in a space should be completely replaced by a fresh ~~volume~~.	+

	Approximate air-change rates per hour for various accommodations:		Approximate air-change rates per hour for various accommodations:

	{\|		{\|
−	\|width="50%"\|	+	\|width="50%"\| Accommodation
−	~~===~~ Accommodation ~~===~~	+	\|width="50%"\| Air-change rates per hour
−	\|width="50%"\|	+
−	~~===~~ Air-change rates per hour ~~===~~	+
	\|-		\|-
	\| Factories (large, open)		\| Factories (large, open)
Line 33:		Line 29:
	\| Kitchens (below ground)		\| Kitchens (below ground)
	\| 40-60		\| 40-60
−	\|-
−	\| ***********************************************************
−	\| ********************************************************
	\|}		\|}

−	~~The above~~ rates do not determine whether the air should be changed by natural or mechanical ventilation. But realistically, the higher rates may be difficult to achieve with natural ventilation and so mechanical ventilation might be considered. Also, the rates shown above may need ~~some~~ adjustment according to specific conditions that might prevail eg whether smoking will take place or the presence of other ~~offensive~~ fumes. Also, higher levels of relative humidity (ie above 70%) may require higher ventilation rates to reduce the water vapour content in the air ~~and so achieve better human comfort conditions~~.	+	Air change rates may need adjustment according to specific conditions that might prevail eg whether smoking will take place or the presence of other fumes. Also, higher levels of relative humidity (ie above 70%) may require higher ventilation rates to reduce the water vapour content in the air.
		+
		+	For more information see: Air change rates.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Editor: Created page with "Stale air (sometimes called ‘vitiated’ air) is the term usually given by services engineers to the air in a given space that has been affected by the human, animal, mechanica..."

2019-09-19T17:54:55Z

Created page with "Stale air (sometimes called ‘vitiated’ air) is the term usually given by services engineers to the air in a given space that has been affected by the human, animal, mechanica..."

New page

Stale air (sometimes called ‘vitiated’ air) is the term usually given by services engineers to the air in a given space that has been affected by the human, animal, mechanical and other activities that have taken place over a period of time. The effect of these activities and objects require that the stale air should ideally be replaced with fresh air to ensure optimal human comfort conditions

Stale air is the opposite of fresh air and can be affected by perspiration, smoking, cooking, other appliances especially computers and LED screens that can give off heat and sometimes a certain smell, musky carpets and fabrics.

In their calculations for air extraction, services engineers may consider specific volumes of stale air in m2 to be extracted per hour. They typically work to desirable minimum fresh-air requirements for people and these will vary according to the activities concerned. These ventilation rates or air-change rates determine how many times per hour the stale air in a space should be completely replaced by a fresh volume.

Approximate air-change rates per hour for various accommodations:

{|
|width="50%"|
=== Accommodation ===
|width="50%"|
=== Air-change rates per hour ===
|-
| Factories (large, open)
| 1-4
|-
| Classrooms and libraries
| 2-4
|-
| Offices (above ground)
| 2-6
|-
| Public lavatories
| 6-12
|-
| Restaurants
| 10-15
|-
| Kitchens (above ground)
| 20-40
|-
| Kitchens (below ground)
| 40-60
|-
| ***********************************************************
| ********************************************************
|}

The above rates do not determine whether the air should be changed by natural or mechanical ventilation. But realistically, the higher rates may be difficult to achieve with natural ventilation and so mechanical ventilation might be considered. Also, the rates shown above may need some adjustment according to specific conditions that might prevail eg whether smoking will take place or the presence of other offensive fumes. Also, higher levels of relative humidity (ie above 70%) may require higher ventilation rates to reduce the water vapour content in the air and so achieve better human comfort conditions.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

* Air change rates.
* Air conditioning.
* Air handling unit.
* Air infiltration.
* Air infiltration testing.
* Approved Document F.
* Background ventilator.
* BREEAM Potential for natural ventilation.
* Computational fluid dynamics.
* Condensation.
* Convection.
* Cross ventilation.
* Dew point.
* Displacement ventilation.
* Domestic ventilation systems performance.
* Fresh air.
* Heat recovery ventilation.
* Humidity.
* HVAC.
* Indoor air velocity.
* Locating ventilation inlets to reduce ingress of external pollutants into buildings: A new methodology IP 9 14.
* Mechanical ventilation.
* Moisture.
* Natural ventilation.
* Passive building design.
* Preventing overheating.
* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.
* Stack effect.
* Thermal comfort.
* Underfloor air distribution.
* Vertical riser.
* Whole building ventilation.

[[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]