Soil nailing - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 06:05, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T06:05:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:05, 5 October 2020
Line 65:		Line 65:
	* Underreaming.		* Underreaming.

−	[[Category:Construction_techniques]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]]

Designing Buildings at 10:41, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T10:41:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:41, 16 January 2020
Line 60:		Line 60:
	* Retaining walls.		* Retaining walls.
	* Shoring.		* Shoring.
		+	* Types of fixings.
	* Types of nails.		* Types of nails.
	* Underpinning.		* Underpinning.

Editor at 17:40, 12 March 2019

2019-03-12T17:40:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:40, 12 March 2019
Line 49:		Line 49:
	* Extensive 3D modelling may be required.		* Extensive 3D modelling may be required.

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* Building foundations.		* Building foundations.
Line 58:		Line 56:
	* Ground anchor.		* Ground anchor.
	* Micropiles.		* Micropiles.
		+	* Nails - a brief history.
	* Pile foundations.		* Pile foundations.
	* Retaining walls.		* Retaining walls.

Editor at 13:33, 5 April 2018

2018-04-05T13:33:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 5 April 2018
Line 61:		Line 61:
	* Retaining walls.		* Retaining walls.
	* Shoring.		* Shoring.
		+	* Types of nails.
	* Underpinning.		* Underpinning.
	* Underreaming.		* Underreaming.

	[[Category:Construction_techniques]]		[[Category:Construction_techniques]]

Designing Buildings at 08:00, 13 September 2017

2017-09-13T08:00:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:00, 13 September 2017
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	[[File:Soilnailing.jpg\|link=File:Soilnailing.jpg]]		[[File:Soilnailing.jpg\|link=File:Soilnailing.jpg]]

−	Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. It involves holes ~~being drilled at predetermined locations and~~ steel bars inserted into ~~the~~ slope face which are then grouted in place. Mesh is attached to the bar ends to hold the slope face in ~~place~~.	+	Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. It involves drilling holes for steel bars to be inserted into a slope face which are then grouted in place. Mesh is attached to the bar ends to hold the slope face in position.

−	They are commonly used as a remedial measure to stabilise ~~retaining walls or existing fill slopes (e.g.~~ embankments, levees, and so on). Other applications for soil nailing include:	+	They are commonly used as a remedial measure to stabilise embankments, levees, and so on. Other applications for soil nailing include:

	* Temporary excavation shoring.		* Temporary excavation shoring.
Line 11:		Line 11:
	* Repair and reconstruction of existing retaining structures.		* Repair and reconstruction of existing retaining structures.

−	The main considerations for deciding whether soil nailing will be appropriate ~~and effective as a technique,~~ include:	+	The main considerations for deciding whether soil nailing will be appropriate include; the ground conditions, the suitability of other systems, such as ground anchors, geosynthetic materials, and so on and cost.
−		+
−	* The ground conditions.	+
−	* The suitability of ~~a soil nail wall for the particular application.~~	+
−	* Other systems ~~should be considered for the application~~, such as ground anchors, geosynthetic materials, and so on.	+
−	* The cost ~~of the soil nail wall~~.	+

	Although soil nails are versatile and can be used for a variety of soil types and conditions, it is preferable that the soil should be capable of standing – without supports – to a height of 1-2 m for no less than 2 days when cut vertical or near-vertical.		Although soil nails are versatile and can be used for a variety of soil types and conditions, it is preferable that the soil should be capable of standing – without supports – to a height of 1-2 m for no less than 2 days when cut vertical or near-vertical.
Line 22:		Line 17:
	Soils which are particularly suited to soil nailing include clays, clayey silts, silty clays, sandy clays, glacial soils, sandy silts, sand, gravels. Soil nailing can be used on weathered rock as long as the weathering is even (i.e. without any weakness planes) throughout the rock.		Soils which are particularly suited to soil nailing include clays, clayey silts, silty clays, sandy clays, glacial soils, sandy silts, sand, gravels. Soil nailing can be used on weathered rock as long as the weathering is even (i.e. without any weakness planes) throughout the rock.

−	Soils which are not well-suited to soil nailing include those with a high groundwater table, cohesion-less soils, soft fine-grained soils, highly corrosive soils, loess, loose granular soils, and ground ~~that is~~ exposed to repeated freeze-thaw action.	+	Soils which are not well-suited to soil nailing include those with a high groundwater table, cohesion-less soils, soft fine-grained soils, highly-corrosive soils, loess, loose granular soils, and ground exposed to repeated freeze-thaw action.

−	~~After a preliminary analysis of the site,~~ the design ~~of the soil nail wall can be started. The limit states that must be identified are~~:	+	Design considerations that will inform the design include:

	* Strength limit: The limit state at which potential failure or collapse occurs.		* Strength limit: The limit state at which potential failure or collapse occurs.
	* Service limit: The limit state at which loss of service function occurs resulting from excessive wall deformation.		* Service limit: The limit state at which loss of service function occurs resulting from excessive wall deformation.
−		+	* Height and length.
−	~~Design considerations that will inform the design include:~~	+
−		+
−	* ~~Wall height~~ and length.	+
	* Vertical and horizontal spacing of the soil nails.		* Vertical and horizontal spacing of the soil nails.
	* Inclination of the soil nails.		* Inclination of the soil nails.
Line 38:		Line 30:
	* Drainage, frost penetration, external loads due to wind and hydrostatic forces.		* Drainage, frost penetration, external loads due to wind and hydrostatic forces.

−	~~During the construction process, temporary bracing is used if required using earthmoving plant and hydraulic drills.~~ A drainage system is inserted once all the nails are in place. This involves a synthetic drainage mat placed vertically between the nail heads, which extends to the wall base and connected to a footing drain.	+	A drainage system may be inserted once all the nails are in place. This involves a synthetic drainage mat placed vertically between the nail heads, which extends to the wall base and is connected to a footing drain.

−	Some of the advantages of using soil nailing ~~over other techniques~~ include:	+	Some of the advantages of using soil nailing include:

−	* ~~Good~~ for confined spaces with restricted access.	+	* They are good for confined spaces with restricted access.
−	* ~~Require a smaller right-of-way than ground anchor walls.~~	+	* There is less environmental impact.
−	* Less environmental impact.	+	* They are relatively quick and easy to install.
−	* ~~Relatively~~ quick and easy to install.	+	* They use less materials and shoring.
−	* ~~Uses~~ less materials and shoring.	+	* They are flexible enough to be used on new constructions, temporary structures or on remodelling processes.
−	* ~~Flexible~~ enough to be used on new constructions, temporary structures or on remodelling processes.	+	* The height is not restricted.
−	* The ~~wall~~ height is not ~~subject to restriction~~.	+

−	~~In addition to not being suitable for areas with a high water table, some limitations~~ of using soil nailing include:	+	Limitations of using soil nailing include:

		+	* They are not suitable for areas with a high water table.
	* In soils of low shear strength, very high soil nail density may be required.		* In soils of low shear strength, very high soil nail density may be required.
−	* ~~Not~~ suitable for permanent use in sensitive and expansive soils.	+	* They are not suitable for permanent use in sensitive and expansive soils.
−	* ~~Requires specialist~~ contractors ~~to undertake soil nailing~~.	+	* Specialist contractors are required.
−	* Extensive 3D modelling may be required ~~when applying directly beneath existing structures adjacent to excavations to avoid buried utilities~~.	+	* Extensive 3D modelling may be required.

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Editor at 15:12, 11 September 2017

2017-09-11T15:12:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:12, 11 September 2017
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[File:Soilnailing.jpg]]	+	[[File:Soilnailing.jpg\|link=File:Soilnailing.jpg]]

−	Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. ~~The general technique~~ involves holes being drilled at predetermined locations and steel bars inserted into the slope face which are then grouted in place. Mesh is attached to the bar ends to hold the slope face in place.	+	Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. It involves holes being drilled at predetermined locations and steel bars inserted into the slope face which are then grouted in place. Mesh is attached to the bar ends to hold the slope face in place.

	They are commonly used as a remedial measure to stabilise retaining walls or existing fill slopes (e.g. embankments, levees, and so on). Other applications for soil nailing include:		They are commonly used as a remedial measure to stabilise retaining walls or existing fill slopes (e.g. embankments, levees, and so on). Other applications for soil nailing include:

Editor: Created page with "File:Soilnailing.jpg Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. The general technique involves holes being dril..."

2017-09-11T15:03:51Z

Created page with "File:Soilnailing.jpg Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. The general technique involves holes being dril..."

New page

[[File:Soilnailing.jpg]]

Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique that can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. The general technique involves holes being drilled at predetermined locations and steel bars inserted into the slope face which are then grouted in place. Mesh is attached to the bar ends to hold the slope face in place.

They are commonly used as a remedial measure to stabilise retaining walls or existing fill slopes (e.g. embankments, levees, and so on). Other applications for soil nailing include:

* Temporary excavation shoring.
* Tunnel portals.
* Roadway cuts.
* Under bridge abutments.
* Repair and reconstruction of existing retaining structures.

The main considerations for deciding whether soil nailing will be appropriate and effective as a technique, include:

* The ground conditions.
* The suitability of a soil nail wall for the particular application.
* Other systems should be considered for the application, such as ground anchors, geosynthetic materials, and so on.
* The cost of the soil nail wall.

Although soil nails are versatile and can be used for a variety of soil types and conditions, it is preferable that the soil should be capable of standing – without supports – to a height of 1-2 m for no less than 2 days when cut vertical or near-vertical.

Soils which are particularly suited to soil nailing include clays, clayey silts, silty clays, sandy clays, glacial soils, sandy silts, sand, gravels. Soil nailing can be used on weathered rock as long as the weathering is even (i.e. without any weakness planes) throughout the rock.

Soils which are not well-suited to soil nailing include those with a high groundwater table, cohesion-less soils, soft fine-grained soils, highly corrosive soils, loess, loose granular soils, and ground that is exposed to repeated freeze-thaw action.

After a preliminary analysis of the site, the design of the soil nail wall can be started. The limit states that must be identified are:

* Strength limit: The limit state at which potential failure or collapse occurs.
* Service limit: The limit state at which loss of service function occurs resulting from excessive wall deformation.

Design considerations that will inform the design include:

* Wall height and length.
* Vertical and horizontal spacing of the soil nails.
* Inclination of the soil nails.
* Ground properties.
* Nail length, diameter and maximum force.
* Drainage, frost penetration, external loads due to wind and hydrostatic forces.

During the construction process, temporary bracing is used if required using earthmoving plant and hydraulic drills. A drainage system is inserted once all the nails are in place. This involves a synthetic drainage mat placed vertically between the nail heads, which extends to the wall base and connected to a footing drain.

Some of the advantages of using soil nailing over other techniques include:

* Good for confined spaces with restricted access.
* Require a smaller right-of-way than ground anchor walls.
* Less environmental impact.
* Relatively quick and easy to install.
* Uses less materials and shoring.
* Flexible enough to be used on new constructions, temporary structures or on remodelling processes.
* The wall height is not subject to restriction.

In addition to not being suitable for areas with a high water table, some limitations of using soil nailing include:

* In soils of low shear strength, very high soil nail density may be required.
* Not suitable for permanent use in sensitive and expansive soils.
* Requires specialist contractors to undertake soil nailing.
* Extensive 3D modelling may be required when applying directly beneath existing structures adjacent to excavations to avoid buried utilities.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Building foundations.
* Geotechnical engineering.
* Groundworks.
* Ground anchor.
* Micropiles.
* Pile foundations.
* Retaining walls.
* Shoring.
* Underpinning.
* Underreaming.

[[Category:Construction_techniques]]