Skyscraper - Revision history

Editor at 17:58, 1 November 2021

2021-11-01T17:58:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:58, 1 November 2021
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	For more information see: [[Tallest_buildings_in_the_world\|Tallest buildings in the world]].		For more information see: [[Tallest_buildings_in_the_world\|Tallest buildings in the world]].

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.		* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.
		+	* Buildings of a great height IGH.
	* Citigroup Center.		* Citigroup Center.
	* Densification.		* Densification.

Editor at 17:32, 23 September 2020

2020-09-23T17:32:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:32, 23 September 2020
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	* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.		* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.
		+	* Citigroup Center.
	* Densification.		* Densification.
	* Empire State Building.		* Empire State Building.
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	* [http://www.skyscraper.org Skyscrapers]		* [http://www.skyscraper.org Skyscrapers]

−	[[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Design]]

Editor at 19:26, 2 January 2020

2020-01-02T19:26:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 2 January 2020
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	* Megastructure.		* Megastructure.
	* Megatall.		* Megatall.
		+	* Outrigger.
	* Plug and play skyscrapers.		* Plug and play skyscrapers.
	* Supertall.		* Supertall.

Designing Buildings at 08:28, 20 April 2019

2019-04-20T08:28:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:28, 20 April 2019
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	* High-rise building.		* High-rise building.
	* Lifts.		* Lifts.
		+	* One Park Taipei.
	* Megastructure.		* Megastructure.
	* Megatall.		* Megatall.
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	* Types of building.		* Types of building.

−	=== External references ===	+	= External references =

	* Museum of the City - A brief history on the development of skyscrapers		* Museum of the City - A brief history on the development of skyscrapers

Designing Buildings at 11:33, 10 December 2018

2018-12-10T11:33:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 10 December 2018
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	* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.		* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.
−	* Architectural styles.
−	* Art Deco.
−	* Building of the week series.
	* Densification.		* Densification.
	* Empire State Building.		* Empire State Building.
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	* Megastructure.		* Megastructure.
	* Megatall.		* Megatall.
−	* ~~Monument~~ and ~~context.~~	+	* Plug and play skyscrapers.
−	* Penthouse.	+
	* Supertall.		* Supertall.
	* Super-slender.		* Super-slender.

Editor at 15:47, 9 November 2018

2018-11-09T15:47:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:47, 9 November 2018
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	The term ‘skyscraper’ refers to tall, continuously habitable buildings of 40 floors or more. Throughout the history of the built environment, skyscrapers have been developed as prestigious structures demonstrating the power and wealth of a city or nation and producing a sense of wonder.		The term ‘skyscraper’ refers to tall, continuously habitable buildings of 40 floors or more. Throughout the history of the built environment, skyscrapers have been developed as prestigious structures demonstrating the power and wealth of a city or nation and producing a sense of wonder.

−	Although the term ‘skyscraper’ was only coined in the late 19th century – to describe buildings of steel-framed construction of at least 10 storeys – the desire for tall and impressive buildings extends back to the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt and the cathedrals built across Europe. The tall structures built throughout the Middle Ages were intended to fulfill the religious function of acquiring a better connection with the gods, or the military function of enabling a good vantage point.	+	Although the term ‘skyscraper’ was only coined in the late-19th century – to describe buildings of steel-framed construction of at least 10 storeys – the desire for tall and impressive buildings extends back to the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt and the cathedrals built across Europe. The tall structures built throughout the Middle Ages were intended to fulfill the religious function of acquiring a better connection with the gods, or the military function of enabling a good vantage point.

	The development of more modern construction techniques began with the arrival of the Industrial Revolution. Two specific innovations in the 19th century made skyscrapers much more practical:		The development of more modern construction techniques began with the arrival of the Industrial Revolution. Two specific innovations in the 19th century made skyscrapers much more practical:
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	* Although only 5 storeys tall, the Oriel Chambers in Liverpool, built in 1864, was the first building in the world to use an iron frame and glass curtain wall construction which enabled greater load-bearing capabilities.		* Although only 5 storeys tall, the Oriel Chambers in Liverpool, built in 1864, was the first building in the world to use an iron frame and glass curtain wall construction which enabled greater load-bearing capabilities.
−	* In 1885, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago was completed and is widely recognised as the first skyscraper, despite being only 10 storeys (~~42m~~) tall.	+	* In 1885, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago was completed and is widely recognised as the first skyscraper, despite being only 10 storeys (42 m) tall.
	* In 1889, Chicago’s Rand McNally Building became the first all-steel framed skyscraper.		* In 1889, Chicago’s Rand McNally Building became the first all-steel framed skyscraper.
	* In 1891, St Louis’ Wainwright Building became the first steel-framed building with soaring vertical bands to emphasise the building’s height.		* In 1891, St Louis’ Wainwright Building became the first steel-framed building with soaring vertical bands to emphasise the building’s height.
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	* While height restrictions were implemented across Europe in the early-20th century, New York and Chicago led the way in skyscraper construction.		* While height restrictions were implemented across Europe in the early-20th century, New York and Chicago led the way in skyscraper construction.
	* In 1902, the Flatiron Building (20 storeys) was built, and is now one of the most iconic examples of the New York skyscraper boom. This boom saw the completion of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Tower (50 storeys), the Woolworth Building (60 storeys), the Bank of Manhattan (71 storeys) and the Chrysler Building (which, upon completion in 1930, was briefly the world’s tallest building at 77 storeys).		* In 1902, the Flatiron Building (20 storeys) was built, and is now one of the most iconic examples of the New York skyscraper boom. This boom saw the completion of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Tower (50 storeys), the Woolworth Building (60 storeys), the Bank of Manhattan (71 storeys) and the Chrysler Building (which, upon completion in 1930, was briefly the world’s tallest building at 77 storeys).
−	* In 1931, New York’s Empire State Building was completed. At 102 storeys (~~381m~~) tall, it stood as the world’s tallest building for the next 40 years.	+	* In 1931, New York’s Empire State Building was completed. At 102 storeys (381 m) tall, it stood as the world’s tallest building for the next 40 years.

	= Modern skyscrapers =		= Modern skyscrapers =
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	For more information see: [[Tallest_buildings_in_the_world\|Tallest buildings in the world]].		For more information see: [[Tallest_buildings_in_the_world\|Tallest buildings in the world]].

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.		* 7 Engineering Wonders of the World.
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	* Supertall.		* Supertall.
	* Super-slender.		* Super-slender.
		+	* Tall building.
	* Tallest buildings in the world.		* Tallest buildings in the world.
	* The history of fabric structures.		* The history of fabric structures.

Editor at 15:51, 6 September 2018

2018-09-06T15:51:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 6 September 2018
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	Throughout the 1960s, the structural engineer Fazlur Khan developed a new method of skyscraper construction. He moved most beams and columns to the outside walls, and in so doing creating a stiff tube that offered greater structural stability.		Throughout the 1960s, the structural engineer Fazlur Khan developed a new method of skyscraper construction. He moved most beams and columns to the outside walls, and in so doing creating a stiff tube that offered greater structural stability.

−	* In 1972, the World Trade Center (~~415m~~) became the world’s tallest building and was an early adopter of Khan’s construction methods.	+	* In 1972, the World Trade Center (415 m) became the world’s tallest building and was an early adopter of Khan’s construction methods.
−	* In 1973, Chicago’s Willis (or Sears) Tower (100 storeys, ~~442m~~) was completed.	+	* In 1973, Chicago’s Willis (or Sears) Tower (100 storeys, 442 m) was completed.
−	* Over the next decades, the skyscraper boom spread into Asia, South America and Europe, culminating in Malaysia’s Petronas Towers becoming the tallest skyscraper in 1998 (~~452m~~), followed by Taiwan’s Taipei 101 in 2004 (~~509m~~).	+	* Over the next decades, the skyscraper boom spread into Asia, South America and Europe, culminating in Malaysia’s Petronas Towers becoming the tallest skyscraper in 1998 (452 m), followed by Taiwan’s Taipei 101 in 2004 (509 m).
−	* Since 2010, the tallest building in the world has been Dubai’s Burj Khalifa (~~828m~~).	+	* Since 2010, the tallest building in the world has been Dubai’s Burj Khalifa (828 m).

	[[File:Burj_Khalifa.jpg\|link=File:Burj_Khalifa.jpg]]		[[File:Burj_Khalifa.jpg\|link=File:Burj_Khalifa.jpg]]
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	* The skyscrapers of the future will be made of wood.		* The skyscrapers of the future will be made of wood.
	* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.		* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.
		+	* Tower.
	* Twisting buildings.		* Twisting buildings.
	* Types of building.		* Types of building.

Designing Buildings at 20:50, 22 February 2018

2018-02-22T20:50:41Z

Editor at 10:40, 12 May 2017

2017-05-12T10:40:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:40, 12 May 2017
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	* Tallest buildings in the world.		* Tallest buildings in the world.
	* The history of fabric structures.		* The history of fabric structures.
−	* The ~~Mile~~.	+	* The skyscrapers of the future will be made of wood.
	* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.		* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.
	* Twisting buildings.		* Twisting buildings.

Designing Buildings at 11:27, 27 April 2017

2017-04-27T11:27:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:27, 27 April 2017
Line 67:		Line 67:
	* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.		* Top 10 skyscrapers located in the UAE.
	* Twisting buildings.		* Twisting buildings.
		+	* Types of building.

	=== External references ===		=== External references ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:50, 22 February 2018
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	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	The term ‘skyscraper’ refers to tall, continuously habitable buildings of 40 floors or more. Throughout the history of the built environment, skyscrapers have been developed as prestigious structures demonstrating the power and wealth of a city or nation and ~~intending to produce~~ a sense of wonder.	+	The term ‘skyscraper’ refers to tall, continuously habitable buildings of 40 floors or more. Throughout the history of the built environment, skyscrapers have been developed as prestigious structures demonstrating the power and wealth of a city or nation and producing a sense of wonder.

−	Although the term ‘skyscraper’ was only coined in the late 19th century – to describe buildings of steel-framed construction of at least 10 storeys – the desire for tall and impressive buildings extends back to the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt and the cathedrals ~~that~~ built across Europe. The tall structures built throughout the Middle Ages were intended to fulfill the religious function of acquiring a better connection with the gods, or the military function of enabling a good vantage point.	+	Although the term ‘skyscraper’ was only coined in the late 19th century – to describe buildings of steel-framed construction of at least 10 storeys – the desire for tall and impressive buildings extends back to the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt and the cathedrals built across Europe. The tall structures built throughout the Middle Ages were intended to fulfill the religious function of acquiring a better connection with the gods, or the military function of enabling a good vantage point.

	The development of more modern construction techniques began with the arrival of the Industrial Revolution. Two specific innovations in the 19th century made skyscrapers much more practical:		The development of more modern construction techniques began with the arrival of the Industrial Revolution. Two specific innovations in the 19th century made skyscrapers much more practical:
Line 19:		Line 19:

	* Although only 5 storeys tall, the Oriel Chambers in Liverpool, built in 1864, was the first building in the world to use an iron frame and glass curtain wall construction which enabled greater load-bearing capabilities.		* Although only 5 storeys tall, the Oriel Chambers in Liverpool, built in 1864, was the first building in the world to use an iron frame and glass curtain wall construction which enabled greater load-bearing capabilities.
−	* In 1885, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago was completed and is widely ~~recognized~~ as the first skyscraper, despite being only 10 storeys (42m) tall.	+	* In 1885, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago was completed and is widely recognised as the first skyscraper, despite being only 10 storeys (42m) tall.
	* In 1889, Chicago’s Rand McNally Building became the first all-steel framed skyscraper.		* In 1889, Chicago’s Rand McNally Building became the first all-steel framed skyscraper.
−	* In 1891, St Louis’ Wainwright Building became the first steel framed building with soaring vertical bands to emphasise the building’s height.	+	* In 1891, St Louis’ Wainwright Building became the first steel-framed building with soaring vertical bands to emphasise the building’s height.
	* In 1895, New York’s American Surety Building secured the title of world’s tallest skyscraper (21 storeys).		* In 1895, New York’s American Surety Building secured the title of world’s tallest skyscraper (21 storeys).
	* While height restrictions were implemented across Europe in the early-20th century, New York and Chicago led the way in skyscraper construction.		* While height restrictions were implemented across Europe in the early-20th century, New York and Chicago led the way in skyscraper construction.
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	= Modern skyscrapers =		= Modern skyscrapers =

−	As buildings became ever taller, the techniques and methods of construction changed. Steel beam grids and columns were utilised. Concrete steel and glass were used for their strength, durability, and ~~resistant~~ to the weather. To try and alleviate the risk of wind sway, engineers began installing diagonally-braced steel trusses to ensure a stronger core.	+	As buildings became ever taller, the techniques and methods of construction changed. Steel beam grids and columns were utilised. Concrete steel and glass were used for their strength, durability, and resistance to the weather. To try and alleviate the risk of wind sway, engineers began installing diagonally-braced steel trusses to ensure a stronger core.

−	Throughout the 1960s, the structural engineer Fazlur Khan developed a new method of skyscraper construction. He moved most beams and columns to the outside ~~wall edges~~, in so doing creating a stiff tube that offered greater structural stability. ~~Instead of one single column, his methods allowed for multiple to be constructed structures in the same building:~~	+	Throughout the 1960s, the structural engineer Fazlur Khan developed a new method of skyscraper construction. He moved most beams and columns to the outside walls, and in so doing creating a stiff tube that offered greater structural stability.

	* In 1972, the World Trade Center (415m) became the world’s tallest building and was an early adopter of Khan’s construction methods.		* In 1972, the World Trade Center (415m) became the world’s tallest building and was an early adopter of Khan’s construction methods.