Roman Colosseum - Revision history

82.30.78.89 at 15:00, 1 July 2022

2022-07-01T15:00:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:00, 1 July 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]]		[[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]]

−	= Introduction =	+	= Introduction about the Roman Colosseum =

	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.		The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.
Line 62:		Line 62:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	[[Category:~~Conservation~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Commentary~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Project_Knowledge~~]] [[Category:~~History~~]] [[Category:~~Projects_and_case_studies~~]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Conservation]]

Designing Buildings at 06:13, 19 October 2020

2020-10-19T06:13:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:13, 19 October 2020
Line 62:		Line 62:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:~~History~~]] [[Category:~~Projects_and_case_studies~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Project_Knowledge~~]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Designing Buildings at 11:55, 20 January 2020

2020-01-20T11:55:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:55, 20 January 2020
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	A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.		A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* Arcade.		* Arcade.
Line 57:		Line 55:
	* Royal Albert Hall.		* Royal Albert Hall.
	* St Peters Basilica.		* St Peters Basilica.
		+	* Stadium.
	* Wembley Stadium		* Wembley Stadium

−	=== External references ===	+	= External references =

	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 50.64.58.251 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2019-02-15T20:42:42Z

Reverted edits by 50.64.58.251 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:42, 15 February 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	= [[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]] =	+	[[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]]

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	~~ASDFGHJKL~~	+	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.
		+
		+	The Colosseum was used by the Romans to stage gladiator events and other public spectacles such as executions, dramatic performances and mock-sea battles. It is estimated that it could hold between 50,000 and 80,000 spectators.
		+
		+	The monumental scale and size of the Colosseum, as well as the innovative design for accommodating and controlling large crowds, mean it is one of the greatest architectural achievements of the Roman era.

	= Design and construction =		= Design and construction =
Line 11:		Line 15:
	The Colosseum takes the form of a vast ellipse 527 m (1,729 ft) in circumference. It reaches a height of four storeys, 48 m (157 ft).		The Colosseum takes the form of a vast ellipse 527 m (1,729 ft) in circumference. It reaches a height of four storeys, 48 m (157 ft).

−	The strength and durability of the building ~~were not~~ enhanced by the combination of concrete, sand and stone that were used during the construction. The foundations are made of concrete, the piers and arcades are made of travertine, tufa infill was used between piers for the walls of the lower two levels, and brick-faced concrete used for the upper levels and the majority of the vaults. Special roads were constructed to allow more than 100,000 m3 of travertine stone to be transported to Rome from quarries near Tivoli.	+	The strength and durability of the building was enhanced by the combination of concrete, sand and stone that were used during the construction. The foundations are made of concrete, the piers and arcades are made of travertine, tufa infill was used between piers for the walls of the lower two levels, and brick-faced concrete used for the upper levels and the majority of the vaults. Special roads were constructed to allow more than 100,000 m3 of travertine stone to be transported to Rome from quarries near Tivoli.

−	The building stands on a double-stepped base, with three storeys of classical arcades and ~~the~~ fourth storey with small rectangular windows. Arches on the four axes of the building served as the main entrances, and a further 76 numbered arches allowed access to the seats.	+	The building stands on a double-stepped base, with three storeys of classical arcades and a fourth storey with small rectangular windows. Arches on the four axes of the building served as the main entrances, and a further 76 numbered arches allowed access to the seats.

−	All the classical orders of architecture are included in the Colosseum’s design, ~~recognizable~~ mainly by the types of columns used. The ground floor half columns are Tuscan, the second-floor semi-columns are Ionic, and the third floor Corinthian. At the top, brackets and sockets carry the masts from which a velarium was suspended, a canopy to protect spectators from the sun and rain.	+	All the classical orders of architecture are included in the Colosseum’s design, recognisable mainly by the types of columns used. The ground floor half columns are Tuscan, the second floor semi-columns are Ionic, and the third floor Corinthian. At the top, brackets and sockets carry the masts from which a velarium was suspended, a canopy to protect spectators from the sun and rain.

−	Beneath the wooden arena floor was a hypogeum, a complex arrangement of rooms and passages provided storage for animals and equipment that were used in the shows.	+	Beneath the wooden arena floor was a hypogeum, a complex arrangement of rooms and passages, provided storage for animals and equipment that were used in the shows.

	= Post-construction =		= Post-construction =
Line 25:		Line 29:
	The Colosseum went through several changes during the medieval period, and housing and workshops were created in the vaulted spaces in the arcades beneath the seating and rented to locals.		The Colosseum went through several changes during the medieval period, and housing and workshops were created in the vaulted spaces in the arcades beneath the seating and rented to locals.

−	Around 1200, the Frangipani family fortified the Colosseum and lived in it as a castle. An earthquake in 1349 caused severe damage, collapsing the outer south side that was built on ~~the~~ unstable alluvial ground.	+	Around 1200, the Frangipani family fortified the Colosseum and lived in it as a castle. An earthquake in 1349 caused severe damage, collapsing the outer south side that was built on unstable alluvial ground.

	In 1749, Pope Benedict XIV pronounced the Colosseum was a sacred site, as it was a place where early Christians had been martyred by the Romans. Accordingly, he consecrated the building and forbade its use for commercial purposes.		In 1749, Pope Benedict XIV pronounced the Colosseum was a sacred site, as it was a place where early Christians had been martyred by the Romans. Accordingly, he consecrated the building and forbade its use for commercial purposes.

−	Various ~~stabilization~~ and restoration projects were initiated by succeeding Popes, including the removal of vegetation which had been allowed to take hold inside and threatened further damage. In the early 19th century, triangular brick wedges were used to reinforce the façade, and repair work was carried out on the interior over subsequent years.	+	Various stabilisation and restoration projects were initiated by succeeding Popes, including the removal of vegetation which had been allowed to take hold inside and threatened further damage. In the early 19th century, triangular brick wedges were used to reinforce the façade, and repair work was carried out on the interior over subsequent years.

	A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.		A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.
Line 39:		Line 43:
	* Arcade.		* Arcade.
	* Beijing National Stadium.		* Beijing National Stadium.
−	* ~~A building~~ of the week series.	+	* Building of the week series.
	* Classical orders in architecture.		* Classical orders in architecture.
	* Conservation of the historic environment.		* Conservation of the historic environment.
Line 59:		Line 63:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	~~[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]~~ [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

50.64.58.251 at 19:44, 15 February 2019

2019-02-15T19:44:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:44, 15 February 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]]	+	= [[File:Colosseum2.jpg\|link=File:Colosseum2.jpg]] =

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.	+	ASDFGHJKL
−		+
−	The Colosseum was used by the Romans to stage gladiator events and other public spectacles such as executions, dramatic performances and mock-sea battles. It is estimated that it could hold between 50,000 and 80,000 spectators.	+
−		+
−	The monumental scale and size of the Colosseum, as well as the innovative design for accommodating and controlling large crowds, mean it is one of the greatest architectural achievements of the Roman era.	+

	= Design and construction =		= Design and construction =
Line 15:		Line 11:
	The Colosseum takes the form of a vast ellipse 527 m (1,729 ft) in circumference. It reaches a height of four storeys, 48 m (157 ft).		The Colosseum takes the form of a vast ellipse 527 m (1,729 ft) in circumference. It reaches a height of four storeys, 48 m (157 ft).

−	The strength and durability of the building ~~was~~ enhanced by the combination of concrete, sand and stone that were used during the construction. The foundations are made of concrete, the piers and arcades are made of travertine, tufa infill was used between piers for the walls of the lower two levels, and brick-faced concrete used for the upper levels and the majority of the vaults. Special roads were constructed to allow more than 100,000 m3 of travertine stone to be transported to Rome from quarries near Tivoli.	+	The strength and durability of the building were not enhanced by the combination of concrete, sand and stone that were used during the construction. The foundations are made of concrete, the piers and arcades are made of travertine, tufa infill was used between piers for the walls of the lower two levels, and brick-faced concrete used for the upper levels and the majority of the vaults. Special roads were constructed to allow more than 100,000 m3 of travertine stone to be transported to Rome from quarries near Tivoli.

−	The building stands on a double-stepped base, with three storeys of classical arcades and a fourth storey with small rectangular windows. Arches on the four axes of the building served as the main entrances, and a further 76 numbered arches allowed access to the seats.	+	The building stands on a double-stepped base, with three storeys of classical arcades and the fourth storey with small rectangular windows. Arches on the four axes of the building served as the main entrances, and a further 76 numbered arches allowed access to the seats.

−	All the classical orders of architecture are included in the Colosseum’s design, ~~recognisable~~ mainly by the types of columns used. The ground floor half columns are Tuscan, the second floor semi-columns are Ionic, and the third floor Corinthian. At the top, brackets and sockets carry the masts from which a velarium was suspended, a canopy to protect spectators from the sun and rain.	+	All the classical orders of architecture are included in the Colosseum’s design, recognizable mainly by the types of columns used. The ground floor half columns are Tuscan, the second-floor semi-columns are Ionic, and the third floor Corinthian. At the top, brackets and sockets carry the masts from which a velarium was suspended, a canopy to protect spectators from the sun and rain.

−	Beneath the wooden arena floor was a hypogeum, a complex arrangement of rooms and passages, provided storage for animals and equipment that were used in the shows.	+	Beneath the wooden arena floor was a hypogeum, a complex arrangement of rooms and passages provided storage for animals and equipment that were used in the shows.

	= Post-construction =		= Post-construction =
Line 29:		Line 25:
	The Colosseum went through several changes during the medieval period, and housing and workshops were created in the vaulted spaces in the arcades beneath the seating and rented to locals.		The Colosseum went through several changes during the medieval period, and housing and workshops were created in the vaulted spaces in the arcades beneath the seating and rented to locals.

−	Around 1200, the Frangipani family fortified the Colosseum and lived in it as a castle. An earthquake in 1349 caused severe damage, collapsing the outer south side that was built on unstable alluvial ground.	+	Around 1200, the Frangipani family fortified the Colosseum and lived in it as a castle. An earthquake in 1349 caused severe damage, collapsing the outer south side that was built on the unstable alluvial ground.

	In 1749, Pope Benedict XIV pronounced the Colosseum was a sacred site, as it was a place where early Christians had been martyred by the Romans. Accordingly, he consecrated the building and forbade its use for commercial purposes.		In 1749, Pope Benedict XIV pronounced the Colosseum was a sacred site, as it was a place where early Christians had been martyred by the Romans. Accordingly, he consecrated the building and forbade its use for commercial purposes.

−	Various ~~stabilisation~~ and restoration projects were initiated by succeeding Popes, including the removal of vegetation which had been allowed to take hold inside and threatened further damage. In the early 19th century, triangular brick wedges were used to reinforce the façade, and repair work was carried out on the interior over subsequent years.	+	Various stabilization and restoration projects were initiated by succeeding Popes, including the removal of vegetation which had been allowed to take hold inside and threatened further damage. In the early 19th century, triangular brick wedges were used to reinforce the façade, and repair work was carried out on the interior over subsequent years.

	A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.		A major restoration project was carried out between 1993 and 2000 which cost 40 billion lire. This was mainly to tackle the adverse effects of rainwater and pollution that had taken their toll on the structure. Restoration proposals continue, with a proposal to construct a new floor causing some controversy. Whatever future work is undertaken, the Colosseum remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy, with several million people visiting it each year.
Line 43:		Line 39:
	* Arcade.		* Arcade.
	* Beijing National Stadium.		* Beijing National Stadium.
−	* ~~Building~~ of the week series.	+	* A building of the week series.
	* Classical orders in architecture.		* Classical orders in architecture.
	* Conservation of the historic environment.		* Conservation of the historic environment.
Line 63:		Line 59:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 47.72.38.103 (talk) to last revision by Editor

2019-02-09T06:45:42Z

Reverted edits by 47.72.38.103 (talk) to last revision by Editor

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:45, 9 February 2019
Line 2:		Line 2:

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =
−
−	~~Warning:Every thing that you are about to read is not real.~~

	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.		The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.
Line 65:		Line 63:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	~~[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]~~ [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

47.72.38.103 at 01:01, 9 February 2019

2019-02-09T01:01:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:01, 9 February 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	Warning:~~every thin~~ that you are about to read is not real.	+	Warning:Every thing that you are about to read is not real.

	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.		The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.

47.72.38.103 at 01:00, 9 February 2019

2019-02-09T01:00:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:00, 9 February 2019
Line 2:		Line 2:

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =
		+
		+	Warning:every thin that you are about to read is not real.

	The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.		The Roman Colosseum, located in Rome, Italy, is the largest amphitheatre ever built and one of the most famous buildings in the world. Located near the Roman Forum, construction began on the Colosseum in AD 72 under the emperor Vespasian. It was completed in AD 80 under his heir Titus, and further modifications were carried out during the AD 81-96 reign of Domitian.
Line 63:		Line 65:
	* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]		* Rome - [http://www.rome.info/colosseum/ Colosseum]

−	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Editor at 14:22, 29 June 2017

2017-06-29T14:22:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:22, 29 June 2017
Line 42:		Line 42:

	* Arcade.		* Arcade.
−	* Architecture.
	* Beijing National Stadium.		* Beijing National Stadium.
	* Building of the week series.		* Building of the week series.
Line 52:		Line 51:
	* Florence Cathedral.		* Florence Cathedral.
	* Leaning Tower of Pisa.		* Leaning Tower of Pisa.
		+	* Library of Celsus.
	* London 2012 Olympic Stadium.		* London 2012 Olympic Stadium.
	* Maracana Stadium.		* Maracana Stadium.
Line 57:		Line 57:
	* Royal Albert Hall.		* Royal Albert Hall.
	* St Peters Basilica.		* St Peters Basilica.
−	* Taj Mahal.
	* Wembley Stadium		* Wembley Stadium

Editor at 15:09, 19 January 2017

2017-01-19T15:09:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:09, 19 January 2017
Line 56:		Line 56:
	* Pantheon.		* Pantheon.
	* Royal Albert Hall.		* Royal Albert Hall.
		+	* St Peters Basilica.
	* Taj Mahal.		* Taj Mahal.
	* Wembley Stadium		* Wembley Stadium