Retrofit measures for historic buildings and cities - Revision history

Editor at 19:10, 7 September 2020

2020-09-07T19:10:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:10, 7 September 2020
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	* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.		* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.
	* The New Tenement: residences in the inner city since 1970.		* The New Tenement: residences in the inner city since 1970.
		+	* Upcycling.
	* Visby as a historic urban landscape.		* Visby as a historic urban landscape.

−	[[Category:Conservation]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]]

Designing Buildings at 08:08, 9 February 2020

2020-02-09T08:08:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:08, 9 February 2020
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	* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.		* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.
	* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.		* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.
		+	* The New Tenement: residences in the inner city since 1970.
	* Visby as a historic urban landscape.		* Visby as a historic urban landscape.

	[[Category:Conservation]]		[[Category:Conservation]]

Designing Buildings at 08:11, 11 August 2019

2019-08-11T08:11:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:11, 11 August 2019
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	--[[User:Institute_of_Historic_Building_Conservation\|Institute of Historic Building Conservation]]		--[[User:Institute_of_Historic_Building_Conservation\|Institute of Historic Building Conservation]]

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* Aerogel.		* Aerogel.
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	* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.		* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.
	* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.		* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.
		+	* Visby as a historic urban landscape.

	[[Category:Conservation]]		[[Category:Conservation]]

Designing Buildings at 10:35, 27 July 2017

2017-07-27T10:35:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, 27 July 2017
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	* Retrofit coordinator.		* Retrofit coordinator.
	* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.		* Retrofit, refurbishment and the growth of connected HVAC technology.
		+	* The Each Home Counts report and traditional buildings.

	[[Category:Conservation]]		[[Category:Conservation]]

Designing Buildings at 15:27, 31 August 2016

2016-08-31T15:27:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:27, 31 August 2016
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	* Aerogel.		* Aerogel.
		+	* Decision support for energy improvements.
	* Ecobuild 2016 - Making the business case for large scale retrofit investment.		* Ecobuild 2016 - Making the business case for large scale retrofit investment.
	* New energy retrofit concept: 'renovation trains' for mass housing.		* New energy retrofit concept: 'renovation trains' for mass housing.

Institute of Historic Building Conservation: Protected "Retrofit measures for historic buildings and cities" ([edit=author] (indefinite) [move=author] (indefinite))

2016-08-30T13:26:09Z

Protected "Retrofit measures for historic buildings and cities" ([edit=author] (indefinite) [move=author] (indefinite))

← Older revision

Revision as of 13:26, 30 August 2016

Institute of Historic Building Conservation at 13:25, 30 August 2016

2016-08-30T13:25:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:25, 30 August 2016
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	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===		=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

		+	* Aerogel.
	* Ecobuild 2016 - Making the business case for large scale retrofit investment.		* Ecobuild 2016 - Making the business case for large scale retrofit investment.
	* New energy retrofit concept: 'renovation trains' for mass housing.		* New energy retrofit concept: 'renovation trains' for mass housing.

Designing Buildings: Removed protection from "Retrofit measures for historic buildings and cities"

2016-08-30T13:22:38Z

Removed protection from "Retrofit measures for historic buildings and cities"

← Older revision

Revision as of 13:22, 30 August 2016

Designing Buildings at 13:22, 30 August 2016

2016-08-30T13:22:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:22, 30 August 2016
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	An EU project is researching the energy efficiency and sustainability of European historic urban districts, and investigating measures and tools to make significant improvements.		An EU project is researching the energy efficiency and sustainability of European historic urban districts, and investigating measures and tools to make significant improvements.
		+
		+	[[File:Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics.jpg\|link=File:Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics.jpg]]
		+
		+	[image: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, the case study building for the advanced double window system (Photo: Dennis Rodwell)]

	EFFESUS (the acronym for ‘Energy Efficiency for EU Historic Districts’ Sustainability’) is a European research project focused on energy efficiency improvements at the scale of historic districts that are compatible with the protection of their heritage value. Co-funded by the European Commission [1], the four-year project, involving 23 partners from 13 countries, runs until next year.		EFFESUS (the acronym for ‘Energy Efficiency for EU Historic Districts’ Sustainability’) is a European research project focused on energy efficiency improvements at the scale of historic districts that are compatible with the protection of their heritage value. Co-funded by the European Commission [1], the four-year project, involving 23 partners from 13 countries, runs until next year.
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	Of the manifold retrofit measures, this article concentrates on three measures that are especially suitable in a British context: first, an insulating lime mortar, for use externally as render or internally as plaster; second, an aerogel fibre insulation to infill cavities behind existing wall finishes, such as plaster on laths or plasterboard dry-lining; and, third, an advanced window system with integrated air supply valves and shading blinds connected to a building management system. All three measures have now been installed in case study buildings in Benediktbeuern, Glasgow and Budapest, with the support of the local consortium partners, the French building conservation firm SAS Gouas, the British heritage consultant Dennis Rodwell and the Irish energy efficiency consultant DWEcoCo Ltd.		Of the manifold retrofit measures, this article concentrates on three measures that are especially suitable in a British context: first, an insulating lime mortar, for use externally as render or internally as plaster; second, an aerogel fibre insulation to infill cavities behind existing wall finishes, such as plaster on laths or plasterboard dry-lining; and, third, an advanced window system with integrated air supply valves and shading blinds connected to a building management system. All three measures have now been installed in case study buildings in Benediktbeuern, Glasgow and Budapest, with the support of the local consortium partners, the French building conservation firm SAS Gouas, the British heritage consultant Dennis Rodwell and the Irish energy efficiency consultant DWEcoCo Ltd.
−
−	~~[[File:Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics.jpg\|link=File:Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics.jpg]]~~
−
−	~~[image: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, the case study building for the advanced double window system (Photo: Dennis Rodwell)]~~

	For EFFESUS, a new insulating lime mortar was developed by the Dutch partner Bofimex. Various insulating mortars were considered at the start of the EFFESUS project, of which none was based on a lime binder. Whereas the inherent material properties of lime mortars, especially their lower strength development and higher vapour permeability and moisture absorption compared to cement-based mortars, make them particularly suitable for use with historical masonry, their thermal insulating properties are deficient.		For EFFESUS, a new insulating lime mortar was developed by the Dutch partner Bofimex. Various insulating mortars were considered at the start of the EFFESUS project, of which none was based on a lime binder. Whereas the inherent material properties of lime mortars, especially their lower strength development and higher vapour permeability and moisture absorption compared to cement-based mortars, make them particularly suitable for use with historical masonry, their thermal insulating properties are deficient.
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	The new mortar was trialled first in the laboratories of the German consortium partner MPA Stuttgart, the material testing institute of the University of Stuttgart. A field trial was then conducted by another German partner, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, at the outdoor test site in Holzkirchen of their Institute for Building Physics, where a timber-framed test house already exists. The insulating render was applied to the west-facing wall, to a brick infill panel set into the timber frame. The performance measurements are continuing. The location in Bavaria’s Alpine foothills has, for Germany, harsh climatic conditions, with severe wind-driven rain exposure, high radiation heat losses during nights and frequent freeze-thaw cycles. The west-facing wall receives the extremes of weathering loads – the harshest test conditions for the applied mortar.		The new mortar was trialled first in the laboratories of the German consortium partner MPA Stuttgart, the material testing institute of the University of Stuttgart. A field trial was then conducted by another German partner, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, at the outdoor test site in Holzkirchen of their Institute for Building Physics, where a timber-framed test house already exists. The insulating render was applied to the west-facing wall, to a brick infill panel set into the timber frame. The performance measurements are continuing. The location in Bavaria’s Alpine foothills has, for Germany, harsh climatic conditions, with severe wind-driven rain exposure, high radiation heat losses during nights and frequent freeze-thaw cycles. The west-facing wall receives the extremes of weathering loads – the harshest test conditions for the applied mortar.
−
−	~~[[File:Installing_equipment_for_heat_flow_measurements.jpg\|link=File:Installing_equipment_for_heat_flow_measurements.jpg]]~~
−
−	~~[Image: The Italian partner RED installing equipment for heat-flow measurements of the aerogel retro-fitted wall in the Glasgow tenement case study (Photo: Historic Environment Scotland)]~~

	[[File:Spray_application_of_insulating_lime_render.jpg\|link=File:Spray_application_of_insulating_lime_render.jpg]]		[[File:Spray_application_of_insulating_lime_render.jpg\|link=File:Spray_application_of_insulating_lime_render.jpg]]
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	As with the insulating lime mortar, the aerogel fibre insulation was tested first by MPA Stuttgart before, in early 2015, a real-world case study was set up in Glasgow, coordinated by Historic Environment Scotland (formerly Historic Scotland). APG has now installed the product in a 19th-century tenement flat, where it is being monitored.		As with the insulating lime mortar, the aerogel fibre insulation was tested first by MPA Stuttgart before, in early 2015, a real-world case study was set up in Glasgow, coordinated by Historic Environment Scotland (formerly Historic Scotland). APG has now installed the product in a 19th-century tenement flat, where it is being monitored.
		+
		+	[[File:Installing_equipment_for_heat_flow_measurements.jpg\|link=File:Installing_equipment_for_heat_flow_measurements.jpg]]
		+
		+	[Image: The Italian partner RED installing equipment for heat-flow measurements of the aerogel retro-fitted wall in the Glasgow tenement case study (Photo: Historic Environment Scotland)]

	Improving the performance of windows is typically restricted to simplistic measures such as draught-proofing and double glazing, without regard to a myriad of associated conditions. Double windows, typical of many regions of mainland Europe, already exist in the 19th century building of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, situated on the Danube riverbank. For teaching rooms in this building, EFFESUS has developed an advanced window system with in-built air supply valves and shading blinds, both connected to a building management system. The window development is a collaboration between the Hungarian architectural firm HorBer, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), DWEcoCo and Snekkeriet, a Norwegian joinery company. The building management system was developed and coordinated by the Italian partner RED Srl.		Improving the performance of windows is typically restricted to simplistic measures such as draught-proofing and double glazing, without regard to a myriad of associated conditions. Double windows, typical of many regions of mainland Europe, already exist in the 19th century building of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, situated on the Danube riverbank. For teaching rooms in this building, EFFESUS has developed an advanced window system with in-built air supply valves and shading blinds, both connected to a building management system. The window development is a collaboration between the Hungarian architectural firm HorBer, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), DWEcoCo and Snekkeriet, a Norwegian joinery company. The building management system was developed and coordinated by the Italian partner RED Srl.
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	--[[User:Institute_of_Historic_Building_Conservation\|Institute of Historic Building Conservation]]		--[[User:Institute_of_Historic_Building_Conservation\|Institute of Historic Building Conservation]]
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−

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Designing Buildings at 13:00, 30 August 2016

2016-08-30T13:00:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:00, 30 August 2016
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	Existing cavity-fill products have limitations for use with older construction types, such as historical masonry, being vapour-impermeable or water-absorbent, having lower thermal performance or introducing the risk of plasticiser migration. The newly developed product is manufactured from non-woven blankets of polyester fibres impregnated with silica aerogel. Aerogel is a lightweight solid derived from a gel whose liquid component has been replaced with gas. When the liquid is removed, what remains is akin to puffed-up sand, with up to 99 per cent porosity. The result is an extremely low-density material with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as a thermal insulator that is ultra-light, extremely water repellent and vapour permeable.		Existing cavity-fill products have limitations for use with older construction types, such as historical masonry, being vapour-impermeable or water-absorbent, having lower thermal performance or introducing the risk of plasticiser migration. The newly developed product is manufactured from non-woven blankets of polyester fibres impregnated with silica aerogel. Aerogel is a lightweight solid derived from a gel whose liquid component has been replaced with gas. When the liquid is removed, what remains is akin to puffed-up sand, with up to 99 per cent porosity. The result is an extremely low-density material with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as a thermal insulator that is ultra-light, extremely water repellent and vapour permeable.

−	As with the insulating lime mortar, the aerogel fibre insulation was tested first by MPA Stuttgart before, in early 2015, a real-world case study was set up in Glasgow, coordinated by Historic Environment Scotland (formerly Historic Scotland). APG has now installed the product in a 19th-century tenement flat, where it is being monitored. Improving the performance of windows is typically restricted to simplistic measures such as draught-proofing and double glazing, without regard to a myriad of associated conditions. Double windows, typical of many regions of mainland Europe, already exist in the 19th century building of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, situated on the Danube riverbank. For teaching rooms in this building, EFFESUS has developed an advanced window system with in-built air supply valves and shading blinds, both connected to a building management system. The window development is a collaboration between the Hungarian architectural firm HorBer, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), DWEcoCo and Snekkeriet, a Norwegian joinery company. The building management system was developed and coordinated by the Italian partner RED Srl.	+	As with the insulating lime mortar, the aerogel fibre insulation was tested first by MPA Stuttgart before, in early 2015, a real-world case study was set up in Glasgow, coordinated by Historic Environment Scotland (formerly Historic Scotland). APG has now installed the product in a 19th-century tenement flat, where it is being monitored.

−	The new double windows replace existing windows and are fitted with slim-profile, high-performance double- and triple-glazing units. Integrated into the 150mm-wide space between the inner and outer casements are motorised shading blinds. Special air supply valves are fitted into both the inner and outer window frames. Air pressure and temperature differences create a passive air flow. Outdoor air is drawn into the space in between the frames and pre-heated by the heat transfer through the window glass before entering the room, improving the window’s energy efficiency significantly. If the indoor carbon dioxide levels increase above a set threshold, the building management system activates a mechanical pressure difference, thereby accelerating the air flow through the air supply valves in the window frames. This mix of passive and active ventilation improves the indoor air quality while minimising associated energy losses.	+	Improving the performance of windows is typically restricted to simplistic measures such as draught-proofing and double glazing, without regard to a myriad of associated conditions. Double windows, typical of many regions of mainland Europe, already exist in the 19th century building of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, situated on the Danube riverbank. For teaching rooms in this building, EFFESUS has developed an advanced window system with in-built air supply valves and shading blinds, both connected to a building management system. The window development is a collaboration between the Hungarian architectural firm HorBer, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), DWEcoCo and Snekkeriet, a Norwegian joinery company. The building management system was developed and coordinated by the Italian partner RED Srl.
		+
		+	The new double windows replace existing windows and are fitted with slim-profile, high-performance double- and triple-glazing units. Integrated into the 150mm-wide space between the inner and outer casements are motorised shading blinds. Special air supply valves are fitted into both the inner and outer window frames. Air pressure and temperature differences create a passive air flow. Outdoor air is drawn into the space in between the frames and pre-heated by the heat transfer through the window glass before entering the room, improving the window’s energy efficiency significantly. If the indoor carbon dioxide levels increase above a set threshold, the building management system activates a mechanical exhaust fan in the room. This, in turn, increases the pressure difference, thereby accelerating the air flow through the air supply valves in the window frames. This mix of passive and active ventilation improves the indoor air quality while minimising associated energy losses.

	The shading blinds integrated into the windows are managed by daylight sensors connected to the building management system to control solar glare, solar heat gain and the ambient lighting conditions. When the shading in the windows is lowered to prevent overheating due to solar gain, the building management system responds to information from illumination and occupancy sensors to activate the lighting. The system can be manually overridden, for example if a darkened room is required for presentations. The building management system also controls a motorised radiator valve which modulates the heat output in the room to maintain comfortable conditions.		The shading blinds integrated into the windows are managed by daylight sensors connected to the building management system to control solar glare, solar heat gain and the ambient lighting conditions. When the shading in the windows is lowered to prevent overheating due to solar gain, the building management system responds to information from illumination and occupancy sensors to activate the lighting. The system can be manually overridden, for example if a darkened room is required for presentations. The building management system also controls a motorised radiator valve which modulates the heat output in the room to maintain comfortable conditions.