Radial city plan - Revision history

Editor at 11:38, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T11:38:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:38, 10 May 2021
Line 54:		Line 54:

	* Brasilia Syndrome.		* Brasilia Syndrome.
		+	* Collaboration needed to deliver national and regional transport strategies.
	* Compact sustainable city.		* Compact sustainable city.
	* Densification.		* Densification.

Editor at 12:22, 8 February 2021

2021-02-08T12:22:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:22, 8 February 2021
Line 48:		Line 48:
	* Topography - the land should be flat, open and free from drastic changes that could cause obstructions to development.		* Topography - the land should be flat, open and free from drastic changes that could cause obstructions to development.
	* Ideology - the developers, overseers and occupants should understand (and ideally embrace) the philosophy of a radial city plan and be prepared to adhere to the principles behind it - regardless of possible restrictions to economic development and growth.		* Ideology - the developers, overseers and occupants should understand (and ideally embrace) the philosophy of a radial city plan and be prepared to adhere to the principles behind it - regardless of possible restrictions to economic development and growth.
		+
		+	--[[User:Heidi_Schwartz\|Heidi Schwartz]]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Editor at 20:58, 28 January 2021

2021-01-28T20:58:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:58, 28 January 2021
Line 58:		Line 58:
	* Garden suburb		* Garden suburb
	* London Cycle Network.		* London Cycle Network.
		+	* Piazza.
	* The green belt and historic buildings		* The green belt and historic buildings
	* Town and Country Planning Association TCPA		* Town and Country Planning Association TCPA

Editor at 12:57, 28 January 2021

2021-01-28T12:57:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 28 January 2021
Line 31:		Line 31:
	== Circular garden cities ==		== Circular garden cities ==

−	As early as 1820, the ~~visionary~~ landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on Loudon's idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads. Parks and other open spaces would be placed in strategic areas to support the community.	+	As early as 1820, the landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on Loudon's idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads. Parks and other open spaces would be placed in strategic areas to support the community.

	Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could be connected through public infrastructure.		Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could be connected through public infrastructure.

Editor at 12:56, 28 January 2021

2021-01-28T12:56:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:56, 28 January 2021
Line 26:		Line 26:
	\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]		\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
−	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville, in Pickaway County, Ohio, is from 1876 -after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid. The town kept its name despite the drastic change in its configuration.	+	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville, in Pickaway County, Ohio, is from 1876 - after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid. The town kept its name despite the drastic change in its configuration.
	\|}		\|}

Designing Buildings at 11:27, 28 January 2021

2021-01-28T11:27:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:27, 28 January 2021
Line 2:		Line 2:
	\| [[File:Trelleborg.jpg\|link=File:Trelleborg.jpg]]		\| [[File:Trelleborg.jpg\|link=File:Trelleborg.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
−	\| Early concentric cities in Europe often came in the form of settlements built within castle walls. Trelleborg is one of these ancient sites~~. It's~~ located in Denmark near Slagelse on the isle of Seeland.	+	\| Early concentric cities in Europe often came in the form of settlements built within castle walls. Trelleborg is one of these ancient sites, located in Denmark near Slagelse on the isle of Seeland.
	\|}		\|}

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	A radial city plan (also referred to as a radial urban plan or radial concentric city plan) is an urban planning approach~~. Instead~~ of using a traditional rectangular grid, ~~a radial plan~~ is based on a series of concentric circles ~~that generate from a central location out to the edges of the city~~. An important community or commercial building (or collection of buildings) is sometimes placed at its centre. Roads radiate out from the centre ~~and link the~~ ring roads.	+	A radial city plan (also referred to as a radial urban plan or radial concentric city plan) is an urban planning approach, that, instead of using a traditional rectangular grid, is based on a series of concentric circles. An important community or commercial building (or collection of buildings) is sometimes placed at its centre. Roads radiate out from the centre linkin ring roads.

−	Certain areas are set aside for purposes such as communal green space or peripheral industrial development. One of the ideas behind radial cities is to maximise planned spaces with the hope of minimising the creation of slums.	+	Some cities are completely radial, while others only incorporate this approach in certain neighbourhoods or areas of the city. This can be due to limitations such as topography, zoning, geography, existing buildings and roads and so on.
−		+
−	Some cities are completely radial, while others only incorporate this approach in certain neighbourhoods or areas of the city. This ~~may~~ be due to ~~various~~ limitations such as topography ~~restrictions~~, zoning ~~requirements~~, geography ~~logistics~~ and so on.	+

	= History =		= History =

−	Radial city planning goes back to ancient times. Early cultures used the circular configuration to bring together the community while keeping out invaders.	+	Radial city planning goes back to ancient times. Early cultures used the circular configuration to bring together the community while keeping out invaders. One early European example of radial city planning is the Danish settlement of Trelleborg. Situated within a circular Viking castle, the city of more than 1,000 people was occupied from approximately 980 AD to 1050 AD.
−		+
−	One early European example of radial city planning is the Danish settlement of Trelleborg. Situated within a circular Viking castle, the city of more than ~~1000~~ people ~~lived~~ from approximately 980 AD to 1050 AD.	+

	== Circleville, Ohio ==		== Circleville, Ohio ==
Line 37:		Line 33:
	As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on Loudon's idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads. Parks and other open spaces would be placed in strategic areas to support the community.		As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on Loudon's idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads. Parks and other open spaces would be placed in strategic areas to support the community.

−	Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could ~~then~~ be connected through public infrastructure.	+	Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could be connected through public infrastructure.

	{\|		{\|
Line 47:		Line 43:
	= Basic requirements of a radial city plan =		= Basic requirements of a radial city plan =

−	The success of circular cities (like the garden cities developed by Howard) is based on ~~several~~ essential factors, including:	+	The success of circular cities (like the garden cities developed by Howard) is based on essential factors, including:

	* Geography - the natural geography of the site should be able to accommodate suitable outward growth.		* Geography - the natural geography of the site should be able to accommodate suitable outward growth.
Line 56:		Line 52:

	* Brasilia Syndrome.		* Brasilia Syndrome.
		+	* Compact sustainable city.
	* Densification.		* Densification.
	* Garden cities.		* Garden cities.

Editor at 20:40, 27 January 2021

2021-01-27T20:40:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:40, 27 January 2021
Line 55:		Line 55:
	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

		+	* Brasilia Syndrome.
	* Densification.		* Densification.
	* Garden cities.		* Garden cities.

Editor at 20:39, 27 January 2021

2021-01-27T20:39:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:39, 27 January 2021
Line 17:		Line 17:
	Radial city planning goes back to ancient times. Early cultures used the circular configuration to bring together the community while keeping out invaders.		Radial city planning goes back to ancient times. Early cultures used the circular configuration to bring together the community while keeping out invaders.

−	One early European example of radial city planning is the Danish settlement of Trelleborg. ~~Essentially~~ a circular Viking castle, ~~Trelleborg provided shelter for~~ more than 1000 people from ~~about~~ 980 AD to 1050 AD.	+	One early European example of radial city planning is the Danish settlement of Trelleborg. Situated within a circular Viking castle, the city of more than 1000 people lived from approximately 980 AD to 1050 AD.

	== Circleville, Ohio ==		== Circleville, Ohio ==

−	The concentric circle model was ~~successful~~ in many parts of the world even before Trelleborg. Over the centuries, some cities that ~~began as~~ radial plans made the change ~~over~~ to rectangular grids~~. In the early 1800s, the US town of Circleville, Ohio was built on top of the circular prehistoric earthworks beneath it. The town courthouse was placed in the centre of the town’s radial plan~~.	+	The concentric circle city model was used in many parts of the world even before Trelleborg. Over the centuries, some cities that started with radial plans made the change to rectangular grids.

−	In just a few decades, the radial plan had become unpopular and was considered ‘peculiar’, ~~and the~~ decision was made to convert the town plan from circular to rectangular. By 1856, the city’s Circleville Squaring Company had successfully redeveloped the town to remove its radial past.	+	In the early 1800s, the US town of Circleville, Ohio was planned and built over prehistoric circular earthworks. The courthouse was placed in the centre of the town’s radial plan.
		+
		+	In just a few decades, the radial plan had become unpopular and was considered ‘peculiar’. At this point, a conscious decision was made to convert the town plan from circular to rectangular. By 1856, the city’s Circleville Squaring Company had successfully redeveloped the town to remove its radial past.

	{\|		{\|
	\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]		\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
−	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville in Pickaway County, Ohio is from 1876 - after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid. The town kept its name despite the drastic change in its configuration.	+	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville, in Pickaway County, Ohio, is from 1876 -after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid. The town kept its name despite the drastic change in its configuration.
	\|}		\|}

	== Circular garden cities ==		== Circular garden cities ==

−	As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on ~~the~~ idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads~~; parks~~ and other open spaces ~~that~~ would be ~~situated~~ in strategic areas to support the community.	+	As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on Loudon's idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads. Parks and other open spaces would be placed in strategic areas to support the community.

	Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could then be connected through public infrastructure.		Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could then be connected through public infrastructure.

Editor at 18:42, 27 January 2021

2021-01-27T18:42:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:42, 27 January 2021
Line 33:		Line 33:
	== Circular garden cities ==		== Circular garden cities ==

−	As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on the idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads; parks and other open spaces would be situated in strategic areas to support the community.	+	As early as 1820, the visionary landscape architect John Claudius Loudon envisaged cities as concentric rings of buildings interspersed with open green areas. In the late 1800s, Sir Ebenezer Howard built on the idea by incorporating the radial approach into his proposed garden cities. As a self-sufficient combination of living space, industry, agriculture and leisure, Howard’s garden cities used concentric circles connected by radial roads; parks and other open spaces that would be situated in strategic areas to support the community.

	Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could then be connected through public infrastructure.		Once capacity was reached in the original community, a new garden city could be built nearby. This would not only help to reduce overcrowding and slums, it would create community clusters that could then be connected through public infrastructure.
Line 40:		Line 40:
	\| [[File:HowardGardenCity.jpg\|link=File:HowardGardenCity.jpg]]		\| [[File:HowardGardenCity.jpg\|link=File:HowardGardenCity.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
−	\| Ebenezer Howard's idealised garden city ~~concept~~ incorporates concentric radial cities.	+	\| Sir Ebenezer Howard's idealised garden city incorporates concentric radial cities linked by railways and roads.
	\|}		\|}

Editor at 18:40, 27 January 2021

2021-01-27T18:40:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:40, 27 January 2021
Line 28:		Line 28:
	\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]		\| [[File:Circleville.jpg\|link=File:Circleville.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
−	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville, Pickaway County, Ohio is from 1876 - after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid.	+	\| This overhead map of the city of Circleville in Pickaway County, Ohio is from 1876 - after its concentric circle plan had been entirely replaced by a grid. The town kept its name despite the drastic change in its configuration.
	\|}		\|}