Planning for a more bio-resourceful future - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 08:09, 16 February 2021

2021-02-16T08:09:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:09, 16 February 2021
Line 77:		Line 77:
	* Zero carbon non-domestic buildings		* Zero carbon non-domestic buildings

−	[[Category:Sustainability]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:Sustainability]]

Editor at 09:33, 17 January 2019

2019-01-17T09:33:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:33, 17 January 2019
Line 75:		Line 75:
	* Zero carbon building.		* Zero carbon building.
	* Zero carbon homes.		* Zero carbon homes.
−	* Zero carbon non domestic buildings	+	* Zero carbon non-domestic buildings

	[[Category:Sustainability]]		[[Category:Sustainability]]

Editor at 16:12, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T16:12:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:12, 16 January 2019
Line 19:		Line 19:
	The EU's bio-economy strategy originally signed off in 2012 has been revised as part of the circular economy package produced by the EU Commission in December 2015, and has now been published.<br />		The EU's bio-economy strategy originally signed off in 2012 has been revised as part of the circular economy package produced by the EU Commission in December 2015, and has now been published.<br />
	<br />		<br />
−	This is to refocus the bio-economy strategy to ensure there is a close link to join it more firmly with other aspects of the circular economy package, which was passed through all its EU procedures on 4 July 2018.~~<br />~~	+	This is to refocus the bio-economy strategy to ensure there is a close link to join it more firmly with other aspects of the circular economy package, which was passed through all its EU procedures on 4 July 2018.
−		+

	= Problems and opportunities =		= Problems and opportunities =
Line 32:		Line 31:
	Cooper's briefing article (Cooper, 2018) reviews the current concern with the farm-to-fork perspective in the UK to minimise waste throughout the food production chain, which is now focusing on the earlier production stages.<br />		Cooper's briefing article (Cooper, 2018) reviews the current concern with the farm-to-fork perspective in the UK to minimise waste throughout the food production chain, which is now focusing on the earlier production stages.<br />
	<br />		<br />
−	Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018) analyse the full range of bio-resources that are potentially available to be harvested for further utilisation for resource and/or energy recovery through a detailed assessment of those potential resources and the options available in Northern Ireland. Their focus is specifically on the potential of anaerobic treatment through biorefinery processing to deliver a range of materials with further uses within the wider economy.~~<br />~~	+	Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018) analyse the full range of bio-resources that are potentially available to be harvested for further utilisation for resource and/or energy recovery through a detailed assessment of those potential resources and the options available in Northern Ireland. Their focus is specifically on the potential of anaerobic treatment through biorefinery processing to deliver a range of materials with further uses within the wider economy.
−		+

	= Reducing food waste =		= Reducing food waste =
Line 45:		Line 43:
	Sadly, despite the progress that had been made in the period after 2008 in cutting down household food waste, the amount of food waste generated in the UK has increased slightly over the last four years.<br />		Sadly, despite the progress that had been made in the period after 2008 in cutting down household food waste, the amount of food waste generated in the UK has increased slightly over the last four years.<br />
	<br />		<br />
−	Nevertheless, there’s still work to be done to prevent food waste losses in the processing and food manufacturing sectors of the food supply chain.~~<br />~~	+	Nevertheless, there’s still work to be done to prevent food waste losses in the processing and food manufacturing sectors of the food supply chain.
−		+

	= Building the bio-economy =		= Building the bio-economy =

Editor at 16:08, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T16:08:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:08, 16 January 2019
Line 2:		Line 2:

	{\|		{\|
−	~~\|width="100%"~~\| [[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]	+	\| [[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.		\| Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.
Line 9:		Line 9:
	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.	+	Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	In a world where climate change and resource crises are intensifying, there’s a need to ensure that we plan for all aspects of our bio-economy to be resilient enough to tackle these issues.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	The United Nations’ sustainable development goals have placed emphasis on the reduction of food wastage throughout the supply chain by 50% by 2030.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	In developing economies, the greatest wastage occurs in the earliest stages of the supply chain from the farmer to the local market. In contrast, in developed economies, the greatest wastage occurs in the latter stages of the supply chain and especially with the consumer, whether purchasing intended for home consumption or away from home.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	The EU's bio-economy strategy originally signed off in 2012 has been revised as part of the circular economy package produced by the EU Commission in December 2015, and has now been published.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	This is to refocus the bio-economy strategy to ensure there is a close link to join it more firmly with other aspects of the circular economy package, which was passed through all its EU procedures on 4 July 2018.<br />

−	~~In a world where climate change and resource crises are intensifying, there’s a need to ensure that we plan for all aspects of our bio-economy to be resilient enough to tackle these issues.~~
−
−	~~The United Nations’ sustainable development goals have placed emphasis on the reduction of food wastage throughout the supply chain by 50% by 2030.~~
−
−	In developing economies, the greatest wastage occurs in the earliest stages of the supply chain from the farmer to the local market. In contrast, in developed economies, the greatest wastage occurs in the latter stages of the supply chain, and especially with the consumer, whether purchasing intended for home consumption or away from home.
−
−	~~The EU's bio-economy strategy originally signed off in 2012 has been revised as part of the circular economy package produced by the EU Commission in December 2015, and has now been published.~~
−
−	This is to refocus the bio-economy strategy to ensure there is a close link to join it more firmly with other aspects of the circular economy package, which was passed through all its EU procedures on 4 July 2018.

	= Problems and opportunities =		= Problems and opportunities =

−	Increasingly, it’s being recognised that the many different factors associated with the wastage of food and a multitude of other bio-resources throughout their production cycle needs to be addressed, such as from forestry, agriculture and the natural environment.	+	Increasingly, it’s being recognised that the many different factors associated with the wastage of food and a multitude of other bio-resources throughout their production cycle needs to be addressed, such as from forestry, agriculture and the natural environment.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	In addition, there are many opportunities to use bio-resources from a variety of their waste sources to contribute to the development of a more circular economy on local, regional and international levels.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	ICE has just published a themed issue of its Waste and Resource Management journal to cover all these aspects: from Ciuffa et al. (2018) on the bio-resources in catering establishments in central London through to a regional economy perspective by Curry et al.(2018) of the potential resource that could be yielded from a range of feedstocks readily available in Northern Ireland.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	Cooper's briefing article (Cooper, 2018) reviews the current concern with the farm-to-fork perspective in the UK to minimise waste throughout the food production chain, which is now focusing on the earlier production stages.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018) analyse the full range of bio-resources that are potentially available to be harvested for further utilisation for resource and/or energy recovery through a detailed assessment of those potential resources and the options available in Northern Ireland. Their focus is specifically on the potential of anaerobic treatment through biorefinery processing to deliver a range of materials with further uses within the wider economy.<br />

−	In addition, there are many opportunities to use bio-resources from a variety of their waste sources to contribute to the development of a more circular economy on local, regional and international levels.
−
−	ICE has just published a themed issue of its Waste and Resource Management journal to cover all these aspects: from Ciuffa et al. (2018) on the bio-resources in catering establishments in central London through to a regional economy perspective by Curry et al. (2018) of the potential resource that could be yielded from a range of feedstocks readily available in Northern Ireland.
−
−	Cooper's briefing article (Cooper, 2018) reviews the current concern with the farm-to-fork perspective in the UK to minimise waste throughout the food production chain, which is now focusing on the earlier production stages.
−
−	Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018) analyse the full range of bio-resources that are potentially available to be harvested for further utilisation for resource and/or energy recovery through a detailed assessment of those potential resources and the options available in Northern Ireland. Their focus is specifically on the potential of anaerobic treatment through biorefinery processing to deliver a range of materials with further uses within the wider economy.

	= Reducing food waste =		= Reducing food waste =

−	Ciuffa et al. (2018) go to the other end of the bio-resource waste management chain, at least in the leisure catering sector. They examine the potential to improve the likelihood of those establishments undertaking greater separation of food wastes by enhancing food waste storage capacity for smaller establishments by using vacuum-packaging.	+	Ciuffa et al. (2018) go to the other end of the bio-resource waste management chain, at least in the leisure catering sector. They examine the potential to improve the likelihood of those establishments undertaking greater separation of food wastes by enhancing food waste storage capacity for smaller establishments by using vacuum-packaging.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	However, as with all aspects of waste management, it’s individual behaviour and their decision-making processes that are crucial to enable people to contribute to the reduction of food waste and its environmental consequences – whether that’s restaurant staff or their customers.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	Cooper (2018) covers the full spectrum of food production and the ways in which waste can be generated from every stage, from farm to fork in the UK.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	Sadly, despite the progress that had been made in the period after 2008 in cutting down household food waste, the amount of food waste generated in the UK has increased slightly over the last four years.<br />
		+	<br />
		+	Nevertheless, there’s still work to be done to prevent food waste losses in the processing and food manufacturing sectors of the food supply chain.<br />

−	However, as with all aspects of waste management, it’s individual behaviour and their decision-making processes that are crucial to enable people to contribute to the reduction of food waste and its environmental consequences – whether that’s restaurant staff or their customers.
−
−	~~Cooper (2018) covers the full spectrum of food production and the ways in which waste can be generated from every stage, from farm to fork in the UK.~~
−
−	Sadly, despite the progress that had been made in the period after 2008 in cutting down household food waste, the amount of food waste generated in the UK has increased slightly over the last four years.
−
−	~~Nevertheless, there’s still work to be done to prevent food waste losses in the processing and food manufacturing sectors of the food supply chain.~~

	= Building the bio-economy =		= Building the bio-economy =

−	The bio-resource agenda is being emphasised in the EU's circular economy package.	+	The bio-resource agenda is being emphasised in the EU's circular economy package.<br />
−		+	<br />
−	It will be essential to ensure that there are suitable support mechanisms that are available so that in future the bio-economy can provide a range of materials and products that can be generated from a variety of bio-sourced materials, as demonstrated by the article by Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018).	+	It will be essential to ensure that there are suitable support mechanisms that are available so that in future the bio-economy can provide a range of materials and products that can be generated from a variety of bio-sourced materials, as demonstrated by the article by Pérez-Camacho and Curry (2018).<br />
−		+	<br />
	In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.		In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.

Designing Buildings at 15:56, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:56:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:56, 16 January 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	~~= Planning for a more~~ bio-~~resourceful future =~~	+	Renewable energy consultant Jeff Cooper says that society needs to reduce food and other bio-resource waste as well as ensure greater re-use of what’s left over.

	{\|		{\|
−	\| [[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]	+	\|width="100%"\| [[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.		\| Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.
	\|}		\|}
		+
		+	= Introduction =

	Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.		Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.
Line 51:		Line 53:
	In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.		In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.

−	This article was originally published by [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future ~~the Institution of Civil Engineers on 14 January 2019 at~~ https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]	+	-----
		+	This article was written by Jeff Cooper. It was originally published by the Institution of Civil Engineers on 14 January 2019 at [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]

	--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]		--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]
Line 64:		Line 67:
	* Nearly zero-energy building.		* Nearly zero-energy building.
	* Sustainable development		* Sustainable development
−	* Sustainable development energy challenge.
	* The Carbon Plan: Delivering our low carbon future.		* The Carbon Plan: Delivering our low carbon future.
	* The Institution of Civil Engineers.		* The Institution of Civil Engineers.

Editor at 15:52, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:52:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 16 January 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =		= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =

−	~~Main author~~	+	{\|
−		+	\| [[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]
−	~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers]Institute / association[https://www.ice.org.uk/ Website]~~	+	\|-
−		+	\| Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.
−	[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]	+	\|}
−		+
−	~~Updated: 16 January 2019~~	+
−		+
−	~~Renewable energy consultant Jeff Cooper says that society needs to reduce food and other bio~~-~~resource waste as well as ensure greater re-use of what’s left over.~~	+
−		+
−	~~Caption:~~ Qube Renewables’ flat-pack anaerobic digesters can produce biogas for cooking and heating within two days of being filled with food waste, sewage and other biodegradable waste.	+

	Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.		Bio-resources and the bio-economy are of significance to everyone: from those living from the land on a subsistence basis through to the most sophisticated agro-industrial businesses.
Line 80:		Line 74:
	* Zero carbon homes.		* Zero carbon homes.
	* Zero carbon non domestic buildings		* Zero carbon non domestic buildings
		+
		+	[[Category:Sustainability]]

Designing Buildings at 15:47, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:47:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:47, 16 January 2019
Line 59:		Line 59:
	This article was originally published by [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future the Institution of Civil Engineers on 14 January 2019 at https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]		This article was originally published by [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future the Institution of Civil Engineers on 14 January 2019 at https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]

−	--[~~https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/~~User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers]	+	--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Carbon_emissions~~ Carbon emissions].	+	* Carbon emissions.
	* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.		* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Climate_Change_Act~~ Climate Change Act].	+	* Climate Change Act.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Climate_change_science~~ Climate change science].	+	* Climate change science.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki~~ ICE articles on Designing Buildings Wiki].	+	* ICE articles on Designing Buildings Wiki.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Nearly_zero-energy_building~~ Nearly zero-energy building].	+	* Nearly zero-energy building.
	* Sustainable development		* Sustainable development
	* Sustainable development energy challenge.		* Sustainable development energy challenge.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Carbon_Plan:_Delivering_our_low_carbon_future~~ The Carbon Plan: Delivering our low carbon future].	+	* The Carbon Plan: Delivering our low carbon future.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers~~ The Institution of Civil Engineers].	+	* The Institution of Civil Engineers.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Low_Carbon_Transition_Plan:_National_strategy_for_climate_and_energy~~ The Low Carbon Transition Plan: National strategy for climate and energy].	+	* The Low Carbon Transition Plan: National strategy for climate and energy.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/UK_climate_change_risk_assessment~~ UK Climate Change Risk Assessment].	+	* UK Climate Change Risk Assessment.
	* Waste management plan for England.		* Waste management plan for England.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_Bills_Home~~ Zero Bills Home].	+	* Zero Bills Home.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_building~~ Zero carbon building].	+	* Zero carbon building.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_homes~~ Zero carbon homes].	+	* Zero carbon homes.
−	* ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_non_domestic_buildings~~ Zero carbon non domestic buildings]	+	* Zero carbon non domestic buildings

Editor at 15:08, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T15:08:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:08, 16 January 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =		= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =
		+
		+	Main author
		+
		+	[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers]Institute / association[https://www.ice.org.uk/ Website]

	[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]		[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]

Editor at 14:52, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T14:52:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:52, 16 January 2019
Line 3:		Line 3:
	[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]		[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]

−	Updated: 14 January, 2019	+	Updated: 16 January 2019

	Renewable energy consultant Jeff Cooper says that society needs to reduce food and other bio-resource waste as well as ensure greater re-use of what’s left over.		Renewable energy consultant Jeff Cooper says that society needs to reduce food and other bio-resource waste as well as ensure greater re-use of what’s left over.
Line 53:		Line 53:
	In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.		In the context of the transition to the new circular economy, there will be a need to provide a full range of options to improve the management of bio-resources throughout the whole global economy.

−	This article was originally published by [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future the Institution of Civil Engineers on 7 January 2019 at https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]	+	This article was originally published by [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/planning-for-a-more-bio-resourceful-future the Institution of Civil Engineers on 14 January 2019 at https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/january-2019/the-journey-to-net-zero-carbon-emissions]

	--[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers]		--[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
		+
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Carbon_emissions Carbon emissions].
		+	* Changing lifestyles in the built environment.
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Climate_Change_Act Climate Change Act].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Climate_change_science Climate change science].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki ICE articles on Designing Buildings Wiki].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Nearly_zero-energy_building Nearly zero-energy building].
		+	* Sustainable development
		+	* Sustainable development energy challenge.
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Carbon_Plan:_Delivering_our_low_carbon_future The Carbon Plan: Delivering our low carbon future].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers The Institution of Civil Engineers].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/The_Low_Carbon_Transition_Plan:_National_strategy_for_climate_and_energy The Low Carbon Transition Plan: National strategy for climate and energy].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/UK_climate_change_risk_assessment UK Climate Change Risk Assessment].
		+	* Waste management plan for England.
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_Bills_Home Zero Bills Home].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_building Zero carbon building].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_homes Zero carbon homes].
		+	* [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Zero_carbon_non_domestic_buildings Zero carbon non domestic buildings]

Editor at 14:48, 16 January 2019

2019-01-16T14:48:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:48, 16 January 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =		= Planning for a more bio-resourceful future =

−	[[File:Quickqube72.jpg]]	+	[[File:Quickqube72.jpg\|link=File:Quickqube72.jpg]]

	Updated: 14 January, 2019		Updated: 14 January, 2019
Line 58:		Line 58:

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−
−	~~[[Category:Conservation]]~~