Pile cap - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 08:40, 23 November 2022

2022-11-23T08:40:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:40, 23 November 2022
Line 32:		Line 32:
	As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertically, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.		As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertically, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.

−	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be inserted. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..	+	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be inserted. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed.

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	NB [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/glossary-abbreviations-and-references High Speed Rail (Crewe – Manchester) Environmental Statement, Glossary, abbreviations and references], published by the Department for Transport in 2022, defines a pile cap as: ‘A concrete structure used to link a number of discrete pile elements into a single arrangement to support significant loads that the pile elements are not capable of supporting individually.’

−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki ==~~=	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Bored piles.		* Bored piles.

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 182.1.50.53 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2021-01-03T09:30:29Z

Reverted edits by 182.1.50.53 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:30, 3 January 2021
Line 52:		Line 52:
	* Tension piles.		* Tension piles.

−	~~[[Category:Conservation]]~~ [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

182.1.50.53 at 09:02, 3 January 2021

2021-01-03T09:02:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:02, 3 January 2021
Line 52:		Line 52:
	* Tension piles.		* Tension piles.

−	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Designing Buildings at 10:02, 14 September 2020

2020-09-14T10:02:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:02, 14 September 2020
Line 13:		Line 13:

	{\|		{\|
−	\| [[File:Pile_cap.jpg]]	+	\| [[File:Pile_cap.jpg\|link=File:Pile_cap.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

Line 52:		Line 52:
	* Tension piles.		* Tension piles.

−	[[Category:~~Construction_techniques~~]] [[Category:~~Products_/_components~~]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

82.71.235.45 at 12:11, 28 August 2019

2019-08-28T12:11:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:11, 28 August 2019
Line 13:		Line 13:

	{\|		{\|
−	\| [[~~File:Pile_cap.jpg\|link=~~File:Pile_cap.jpg]]	+	\| [[File:Pile_cap.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

Line 52:		Line 52:
	* Tension piles.		* Tension piles.

−	[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]	+	[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]]

Designing Buildings at 14:52, 19 January 2018

2018-01-19T14:52:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:52, 19 January 2018
Line 4:		Line 4:

	* Shallow foundations are typically used where the loads imposed by a structure are low relative to the bearing capacity of the surface soils.		* Shallow foundations are typically used where the loads imposed by a structure are low relative to the bearing capacity of the surface soils.
−	* Deep foundations are necessary where the bearing capacity of the surface soils is not adequate ~~to support the loads imposed by a structure~~ and so ~~those~~ loads need to be transferred to deeper layers with higher bearing capacity.	+	* Deep foundations are necessary where the bearing capacity of the surface soils is not adequate and so loads need to be transferred to deeper layers with higher bearing capacity.

	Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is described as 'piled' when its depth is more than three times its breadth.		Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is described as 'piled' when its depth is more than three times its breadth.
Line 10:		Line 10:
	Pile foundations are principally used to transfer the loads from superstructures, through weak, compressible strata or water onto stronger, more compact, less compressible and stiffer soil or rock at depth, increasing the effective size of a foundation and resisting horizontal loads. They are typically used for large structures, and in situations where soil is not suitable to prevent excessive settlement.		Pile foundations are principally used to transfer the loads from superstructures, through weak, compressible strata or water onto stronger, more compact, less compressible and stiffer soil or rock at depth, increasing the effective size of a foundation and resisting horizontal loads. They are typically used for large structures, and in situations where soil is not suitable to prevent excessive settlement.

−	Piles can be used individually, or they can be grouped together and linked by a reinforced concrete cap. Pile caps create a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load onto the piles. ~~It acts~~ in a similar way to a piled raft ~~foundation~~, ~~which is~~ a concrete slab ~~resting~~ on soil which may be susceptible to ~~subsidence~~, above a group of piles.	+	Piles can be used individually, or they can be grouped together and linked by a reinforced concrete cap. Pile caps create a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load onto the piles. They act in a similar way to piled raft foundations, where a concrete slab rests on soil which may be susceptible to movement, above a group of piles.

	{\|		{\|
−	\| [[File:~~Pile cap~~.jpg]]	+	\| [[File:Pile_cap.jpg\|link=File:Pile_cap.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

Line 28:		Line 28:
	* Pile anchorage.		* Pile anchorage.
	* The ground’s watertable.		* The ground’s watertable.
−	* ~~Possibility~~ of frost attack.	+	* The possibility of frost attack.

−	As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly ~~vertical~~, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.	+	As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertically, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.

−	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be ~~erected~~. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..	+	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be inserted. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Designing Buildings at 14:48, 19 January 2018

2018-01-19T14:48:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:48, 19 January 2018
Line 11:		Line 11:

	Piles can be used individually, or they can be grouped together and linked by a reinforced concrete cap. Pile caps create a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load onto the piles. It acts in a similar way to a piled raft foundation, which is a concrete slab resting on soil which may be susceptible to subsidence, above a group of piles.		Piles can be used individually, or they can be grouped together and linked by a reinforced concrete cap. Pile caps create a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load onto the piles. It acts in a similar way to a piled raft foundation, which is a concrete slab resting on soil which may be susceptible to subsidence, above a group of piles.
		+
		+	{\|
		+	\| [[File:Pile cap.jpg]]
		+	\|}

	The number of piles in the group, and the spacing between them, determines the shape and plan dimensions of the pile cap. The shapes of pile caps are typically either:		The number of piles in the group, and the spacing between them, determines the shape and plan dimensions of the pile cap. The shapes of pile caps are typically either:
Line 27:		Line 31:

	As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertical, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.		As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertical, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.
−
−
−
−

	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be erected. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..		Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be erected. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..

Designing Buildings at 14:27, 19 January 2018

2018-01-19T14:27:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:27, 19 January 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	~~Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long~~, ~~slender, columnar elements typically made from steel~~ or ~~reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is described as 'piled' when its depth is more than three times its breadth (Atkinson, 2007)~~.	+	Foundations provide support for structures, transferring their load to layers of soil or rock that have sufficient bearing capacity and suitable settlement characteristics to support them.

−	~~Pile~~ foundations ~~are principally used to transfer the loads from superstructures, through weak, compressible strata~~ or water onto stronger, more compact, less compressible and stiffer soil or rock at depth, increasing the effective size of a foundation and resisting horizontal loads. They are typically used for large structures, and in situations where soil is not suitable to prevent excessive settlement.	+	Very broadly, foundations can be categorised as shallow foundations or deep foundations.

−	~~Piles can be~~ used ~~individually to support~~ loads ~~or grouped and linked together with~~ a ~~reinforced concrete cap. As it is very difficult~~ to ~~bore or drive piles exactly vertical,~~ the ~~pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position~~ of the ~~pile heads~~. ~~The pile cap should overhang~~ the ~~outer piles, typically by a distance~~ of ~~100-150 mm on all sides, depending on~~ the ~~size of~~ the ~~pile~~.	+	* Shallow foundations are typically used where the loads imposed by a structure are low relative to the bearing capacity of the surface soils.
		+	* Deep foundations are necessary where the bearing capacity of the surface soils is not adequate to support the loads imposed by a structure and so those loads need to be transferred to deeper layers with higher bearing capacity.

−	~~The purpose of~~ the ~~pile cap~~ is to ~~provide~~ a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load ~~into~~ the piles. ~~In this way it is~~ similar to a piled raft foundation, which is a concrete slab resting on soil which may be susceptible to subsidence, above a group of piles.	+	Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is described as 'piled' when its depth is more than three times its breadth.
		+
		+	Pile foundations are principally used to transfer the loads from superstructures, through weak, compressible strata or water onto stronger, more compact, less compressible and stiffer soil or rock at depth, increasing the effective size of a foundation and resisting horizontal loads. They are typically used for large structures, and in situations where soil is not suitable to prevent excessive settlement.
		+
		+	Piles can be used individually, or they can be grouped together and linked by a reinforced concrete cap. Pile caps create a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load onto the piles. It acts in a similar way to a piled raft foundation, which is a concrete slab resting on soil which may be susceptible to subsidence, above a group of piles.

	The number of piles in the group, and the spacing between them, determines the shape and plan dimensions of the pile cap. The shapes of pile caps are typically either:		The number of piles in the group, and the spacing between them, determines the shape and plan dimensions of the pile cap. The shapes of pile caps are typically either:
Line 13:		Line 18:
	* Rectangular (for all other number of piles).		* Rectangular (for all other number of piles).

−	It is usual for a pile cap to be of a greater depth than a pad footing as it is ~~subjected~~ to ~~much~~ higher bending moments and shear forces. The pile cap achieves greater rigidity from the increased depth, which enables it to evenly spread the load to all piles in the group. The factors that determine the depth of the pile cap include:	+	It is usual for a pile cap to be of a greater depth than a comparable pad footing as it is typically subject to higher bending moments and shear forces. The pile cap achieves greater rigidity from the increased depth, which enables it to evenly spread the load to all piles in the group. The factors that determine the depth of the pile cap include:

	* The shear capacity of the pile cap.		* The shear capacity of the pile cap.
Line 19:		Line 24:
	* Pile anchorage.		* Pile anchorage.
	* The ground’s watertable.		* The ground’s watertable.
−	* Possibility of frost ~~attacks~~.	+	* Possibility of frost attack.
		+
		+	As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertical, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the piles.
		+
		+
		+
		+

−	Pile caps are constructed by ~~first~~ excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be erected. ~~To ensure that the~~ pile tops are ~~flush and~~ the same ~~length, they must be trimmed~~. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the ~~piling group, often using a timber frame or cross member~~. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed. ~~The structural components are then built up using the concrete slabs as foundations~~.	+	Pile caps are constructed by excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be erected. The pile tops may be trimmed to ensure they are at the same height. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piles. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed..

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Editor: Created page with "Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is ..."

2018-01-12T15:02:52Z

Created page with "Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is ..."

New page

Pile foundations are deep foundations. They are formed by long, slender, columnar elements typically made from steel or reinforced concrete, or sometimes timber. A foundation is described as 'piled' when its depth is more than three times its breadth (Atkinson, 2007).

Pile foundations are principally used to transfer the loads from superstructures, through weak, compressible strata or water onto stronger, more compact, less compressible and stiffer soil or rock at depth, increasing the effective size of a foundation and resisting horizontal loads. They are typically used for large structures, and in situations where soil is not suitable to prevent excessive settlement.

Piles can be used individually to support loads or grouped and linked together with a reinforced concrete cap. As it is very difficult to bore or drive piles exactly vertical, the pile cap should be able to accommodate some deviation in the final position of the pile heads. The pile cap should overhang the outer piles, typically by a distance of 100-150 mm on all sides, depending on the size of the pile.

The purpose of the pile cap is to provide a stable foundation and offer a larger area for the distribution of the building load into the piles. In this way it is similar to a piled raft foundation, which is a concrete slab resting on soil which may be susceptible to subsidence, above a group of piles.

The number of piles in the group, and the spacing between them, determines the shape and plan dimensions of the pile cap. The shapes of pile caps are typically either:

* Triangular (for 3 piles).
* Hexagonal (for 6-7 piles).
* Rectangular (for all other number of piles).

It is usual for a pile cap to be of a greater depth than a pad footing as it is subjected to much higher bending moments and shear forces. The pile cap achieves greater rigidity from the increased depth, which enables it to evenly spread the load to all piles in the group. The factors that determine the depth of the pile cap include:

* The shear capacity of the pile cap.
* Shrinkage and swelling of the ground (particularly in clay soils).
* Pile anchorage.
* The ground’s watertable.
* Possibility of frost attacks.

Pile caps are constructed by first excavating an area around the group of piles to enable formwork to be erected. To ensure that the pile tops are flush and the same length, they must be trimmed. A reinforcement cage is then built and positioned in the formwork cast box and fastened to the piling group, often using a timber frame or cross member. The concrete is then poured and left to cure, after which the formwork is removed. The structural components are then built up using the concrete slabs as foundations.

= Find out more =

=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

* Bored piles.
* Continuous flight auger piles.
* Driven piles.
* Foundations.
* Geothermal pile foundations.
* Micropiles.
* Pile foundations.
* Piled raft foundation.
* Piling equipment.
* Raft foundation.
* Screw pile foundations.
* Sheet piles.
* Tension piles.

[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]