https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Miasma_theoryMiasma theory - Revision history2026-05-02T18:36:22ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.17.4https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=228990&oldid=prevDesigning Buildings at 08:23, 14 April 20222022-04-14T08:23:35Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Public Health Act 1875.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Public Health Act 1875.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Smog.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The role of civil engineering in designing out loneliness.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The role of civil engineering in designing out loneliness.</div></td></tr>
</table>Designing Buildingshttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=215670&oldid=prevEditor at 18:51, 18 October 20212021-10-18T18:51:40Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Waring was next called upon to bring his miasma theory approach to Havana, where a yellow fever epidemic was killing American soldiers stationed in Cuba. Although Waring was able to introduce his street cleaning approach to the city, miasma theory could not protect him from the mosquitos that caused the illness. He contracted the disease in Cuba and died shortly after his return to the United States.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Waring was next called upon to bring his miasma theory approach to Havana, where a yellow fever epidemic was killing American soldiers stationed in Cuba. Although Waring was able to introduce his street cleaning approach to the city, miasma theory could not protect him from the mosquitos that caused the illness. He contracted the disease in Cuba and died shortly after his return to the United States.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= Related articles on Designing Buildings <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wiki </del>=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= Related articles on Designing Buildings =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Cesspool.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Cesspool.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Civil Engineering during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Civil Engineering during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Dust heap.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Environmental engineering.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Environmental engineering.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td></tr>
</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=213454&oldid=prevEditor at 10:37, 17 September 20212021-09-17T10:37:56Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The role of civil engineering in designing out loneliness.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The role of civil engineering in designing out loneliness.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Three pieces of infrastructure that have saved lives.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Water]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:History]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Water]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=209840&oldid=prevEditor at 16:53, 28 July 20212021-07-28T16:53:48Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Environmental engineering.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Environmental engineering.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Public Health Act 1875.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td></tr>
</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=208371&oldid=prevEditor at 14:38, 8 July 20212021-07-08T14:38:01Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the complex drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate network of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the complex drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate network of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">garbage </del>and other intolerable conditions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">rubbish </ins>and other intolerable conditions.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Waring was next called upon to bring his miasma theory approach to Havana, where a yellow fever epidemic was killing American soldiers stationed in Cuba. Although Waring was able to introduce his street cleaning approach to the city, miasma theory could not protect him from the mosquitos that caused the illness. He contracted the disease in Cuba and died shortly after his return to the United States.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Waring was next called upon to bring his miasma theory approach to Havana, where a yellow fever epidemic was killing American soldiers stationed in Cuba. Although Waring was able to introduce his street cleaning approach to the city, miasma theory could not protect him from the mosquitos that caused the illness. He contracted the disease in Cuba and died shortly after his return to the United States.</div></td></tr>
</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=203883&oldid=prevEditor at 10:22, 18 May 20212021-05-18T10:22:16Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* The role of civil engineering in designing out loneliness.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
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</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=201226&oldid=prevEditor at 08:44, 19 April 20212021-04-19T08:44:00Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= More miasma theory sanitation successes and failures =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= More miasma theory sanitation successes and failures =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">elaborate </del>drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate network of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">complex </ins>drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate network of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, garbage and other intolerable conditions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, garbage and other intolerable conditions.</div></td></tr>
</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=201221&oldid=prevEditor at 08:35, 19 April 20212021-04-19T08:35:32Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Pollution.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Sewerage.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* The redevelopment of Leicester's sewerage system by Joseph Gordon.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste management plan.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Waste water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
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</table>Editorhttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=201207&oldid=prevDesigning Buildings at 06:42, 19 April 20212021-04-19T06:42:56Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>It wasn’t until the mid 1800s that scientists discovered there was more than smell - no matter how pungent or revolting - to the spread of contagion and contamination. At the core of their research was the idea of decay (also inherently associated with the miasma theory) and its cause. It was this research that eventually led to the identification of microorganisms (or germs), not odours, as the cause of infection. With this discovery, germ theory began to replace miasma theory as the acknowledged source of disease.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>It wasn’t until the mid 1800s that scientists discovered there was more than smell - no matter how pungent or revolting - to the spread of contagion and contamination. At the core of their research was the idea of decay (also inherently associated with the miasma theory) and its cause. It was this research that eventually led to the identification of microorganisms (or germs), not odours, as the cause of infection. With this discovery, germ theory began to replace miasma theory as the acknowledged source of disease.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the UK, several cholera epidemics of the mid-1800s prompted germ theory-based improvements to sanitation systems, water purification and food hygiene. But some scientists still believed the miasma theory was the cause, noting the connection between lower outbreak numbers in populations where the air was better (more specifically, in remote locations at higher elevations). The miasma theory was eventually disproved and germ theory <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">replaced it</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the UK, several cholera epidemics of the mid-1800s prompted germ theory-based improvements to sanitation systems, water purification and food hygiene. But some scientists still believed the miasma theory was the cause, noting the connection between lower outbreak numbers in populations where the air was better (more specifically, in remote locations at higher elevations). The miasma theory was eventually disproved and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">replaced by </ins>germ theory.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= More miasma theory sanitation successes and failures =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= More miasma theory sanitation successes and failures =</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the elaborate drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">collection </del>of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">man made </del>reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the United States, George E. Waring, Jr, a 19th-century sanitation engineer and miasmist, incorporated the theory into several noteworthy undertakings, including the elaborate drainage system for Central Park in New York City (designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and architect Calvert Vaux in the 1850s). The park was built on a swamp and required an elaborate <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">network </ins>of tubes that took the water away from the park and directed it to reservoirs and natural bodies of water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, garbage and other intolerable conditions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>After the American Civil War, Waring became the sanitation commissioner for New York City. After hiring numerous sanitation workers (and dressing them in white), he imposed a rigorous method of street cleaning and waste removal to address problems caused by horse manure, garbage and other intolerable conditions.</div></td></tr>
</table>Designing Buildingshttps://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Miasma_theory&diff=201206&oldid=prevDesigning Buildings at 06:40, 19 April 20212021-04-19T06:40:40Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= Introduction =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= Introduction =</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Miasma is <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">defined as </del>a noxious vapour caused by <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">invisible </del>decomposing particles created by moulds, dust, rotting flesh or decaying vegetation. Miasma theory is the belief that odours associated with miasma could potentially result in disease or death.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Miasma is a noxious vapour caused by decomposing particles created by moulds, dust, rotting flesh or decaying vegetation. Miasma theory is the belief that odours associated with miasma could potentially result in disease or death. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Until </ins>the theory was discredited, it <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">motivated </ins>sanitation engineers and healthcare professionals to explore issues of air quality and waste management in urban areas, hospitals and other types of buildings.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Persistent belief in miasma theory eventually prompted scientists to debunk its validity. But until </del>the theory was discredited, it <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">compelled </del>sanitation engineers and healthcare professionals to explore issues of air quality and waste management in urban areas, hospitals and other types of buildings.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= History =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>= History =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>References to miasmic fumes entering the body and causing disease go back to ancient Greece. While <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">common </del>people during this period associated pestilence with supernatural forces, the Greek physician Hippocrates recognised the connection between bad air and epidemics, which initiated a more scientific approach to treating illnesses.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>References to miasmic fumes entering the body and causing disease go back to ancient Greece. While <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">many </ins>people during this period associated pestilence with supernatural forces, the Greek physician Hippocrates recognised the connection between bad air and epidemics, which initiated a more scientific approach to treating illnesses.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Exploration of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>miasma theory continued through early Christian times into the Middle Ages when bad air became the most widely accepted explanation for the spread of disease. One method of fighting miasma was to wear a mask filled with pleasantly scented flowers, which is what doctors did during periods of plague.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Exploration of miasma theory continued through early Christian times into the Middle Ages when bad air became the most widely accepted explanation for the spread of disease. One method of fighting miasma was to wear a mask filled with pleasantly scented flowers, which is what doctors did during periods of plague.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>It was also during this time that English sanitary reform began. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Claiming </del>the miasma <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">theory as </del>the cause of disease in poor neighbourhoods that were undrained, toxic and foul smelling, engineers slowly introduced additional sanitation measures. Swamps were drained and the management of human waste - removing it from populated areas - was initiated.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>It was also during this time that English sanitary reform began. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Based on </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">idea that </ins>miasma <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">was </ins>the cause of disease in poor neighbourhoods that were undrained, toxic and foul smelling, engineers slowly introduced additional sanitation measures. Swamps were drained and the management of human waste - removing it from populated areas - was initiated.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>These measures addressed the issue of smell - the basis of miasma theory - and resulted in some improvements, but failed to recognise the significance of other types of cleanliness such as proper hand washing and the use of disinfectant.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>These measures addressed the issue of smell - the basis of miasma theory - and resulted in some improvements, but failed to recognise the significance of other types of cleanliness such as proper hand washing and the use of disinfectant.</div></td></tr>
</table>Designing Buildings