Measurement - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 07:04, 2 November 2022

2022-11-02T07:04:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:04, 2 November 2022
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		+	[[File:Pencil-g6a300c298 1280.jpg]]
		+
		+	= Introduction =
		+
	Note: This article refers to the measurement of quantities for construction works. For articles about more general measurements, see the [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Category:Standards_/_measurements list of articles in the measurement category].		Note: This article refers to the measurement of quantities for construction works. For articles about more general measurements, see the [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Category:Standards_/_measurements list of articles in the measurement category].

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	* Measured work.		* Measured work.
	* Measured quantity.		* Measured quantity.
		+	* Units.

−	= ~~Definition~~ of ~~measurement~~ =	+	= Measurement of quantities for construction works =

−	~~Measurement is~~ the transformation of drawn information into descriptions and quantities, undertaken to value, cost, and price construction work, as well as enabling effective management.	+	The measurement of quantities for construction works involves the transformation of drawn information into descriptions and quantities. This process is undertaken to value, cost, and price construction work, as well as enabling effective management of the design and construction process. The measurement process is not restricted to the quantity surveyor producing a bill of quantities for contractors to price during tendering. It is also used in both pre- and post-contract work, helping assess the likely cost of the works, and determining what contractors and subcontractors should be paid for work that has been completed.
−		+
−	It is not ~~just about a~~ quantity surveyor producing a bill of quantities for contractors to price during tendering. It is used in both pre- and post-contract work, helping assess the likely cost of the works, and determining what contractors and subcontractors should be paid for work that has been completed.	+

	= Pre-contract measurement =		= Pre-contract measurement =

−	During the early design stages, the quantity surveyor (or cost consultant) will measure the dimensions of the building to produce budget estimates, perhaps based on benchmarking against similar buildings. As the design develops, they will measure more detailed approximate quantities for cost planning purposes, ensuring that the design can be achieved within the budget.	+	During the early design stages, the quantity surveyor (or cost consultant) will measure the dimensions of the building to produce budget estimates, perhaps based on benchmarking against similar buildings. As the design develops, they will measure more detailed approximate quantities for cost planning purposes, ensuring that the design can be achieved within the budget. The quantity surveyor then measures the completed working drawings to produce a bill of quantities. Contractors tender for the job by pricing the work described in the bill of quantities.
−		+
−	The quantity surveyor then measures the completed working drawings to produce a bill of quantities. Contractors tender for the job by pricing the work described in the bill of quantities.	+

	= Post-contract measurement =		= Post-contract measurement =
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	* Preparing or assessing interim valuations to pay the contractor for work done.		* Preparing or assessing interim valuations to pay the contractor for work done.

−	= Levels of detail for measured information =	+	= Levels of detail required for measured information =

	The degree of detail to which construction work can be measured varies according to its use and the stage in the project. In the very early design stages, there is not much detail available, so estimates are based on general parameters, such as:		The degree of detail to which construction work can be measured varies according to its use and the stage in the project. In the very early design stages, there is not much detail available, so estimates are based on general parameters, such as:

	* Functional unit: For example, cost per school pupil, cost per theatre seat, cost per hospital bed, and so on.		* Functional unit: For example, cost per school pupil, cost per theatre seat, cost per hospital bed, and so on.
−	* Floor area: Cost per sq. m ~~gross floor area~~.	+	* Floor area: Cost per sq.m.

	As the design progresses and more information is known, estimates can become more detailed, such as elemental estimates (for walls, floors, roof, frame, etc.).		As the design progresses and more information is known, estimates can become more detailed, such as elemental estimates (for walls, floors, roof, frame, etc.).
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	NB: Bills of quantities are normally only prepared on larger projects. On smaller projects, or for alteration work the contractor may be expected to measure their own quantities from drawings and schedules of work. Schedules of work are 'without quantities' instructional lists that allow the contractor to identify significant work and materials that will be needed to complete the works and calculate the quantities that will be required.		NB: Bills of quantities are normally only prepared on larger projects. On smaller projects, or for alteration work the contractor may be expected to measure their own quantities from drawings and schedules of work. Schedules of work are 'without quantities' instructional lists that allow the contractor to identify significant work and materials that will be needed to complete the works and calculate the quantities that will be required.
		+
		+	For more information see: Bills of quantities.

	= Standard methods of measurement =		= Standard methods of measurement =

−	It is important that there is a uniform basis for measuring building works ~~in order to facilitate~~ industry wide consistency and benchmarking, to encourage the adoption of best practice and to help avoid disputes.	+	It is important that there is a uniform basis for measuring building works for industry-wide consistency and to allow benchmarking, encourage the adoption of best practice and help avoid disputes.

	A standard method of measurement:		A standard method of measurement:
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	* Provides a clear system for structuring other project information and cross-referencing specification information with bill of quantity information.		* Provides a clear system for structuring other project information and cross-referencing specification information with bill of quantity information.

−	The most commonly used standard methods of measurement for building works is ~~NRM2~~, which replaced SMM7 in 2012. The New Rules of Measurement ~~(NRM)~~ are published by the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) and prepared by the Quantity Surveying and Construction Professional Group.	+	The most commonly used standard methods of measurement for building works is the New Rules of Measurement (NRM), which replaced the Standard Method of Measurement (SMM7) in 2012. The New Rules of Measurement are published by the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) and prepared by the Quantity Surveying and Construction Professional Group.

−	~~NRM2~~ provides a set of detailed measurement rules for the preparation of bills of quantities or schedules of rates for the purpose of obtaining a tender price. It also deals with the quantification of non-measurable work items, contractor designed works and risks. Guidance is also provided on the content, structure and format of bills of quantities, as well as the benefits and uses of bills of quantities.	+	NRM provides a set of detailed measurement rules for the preparation of bills of quantities or schedules of rates for the purpose of obtaining a tender price. It also deals with the quantification of non-measurable work items, contractor designed works and risks. Guidance is also provided on the content, structure and format of bills of quantities, as well as the benefits and uses of bills of quantities.

−	= ~~Taking~~ off =	+	For more information see: New Rules of Measurement.
		+
		+	= How measurement is done =
		+
		+	== What is taking off? ==

	The term ‘taking off’ refers to the process of identifying elements of construction works that can be measured and priced. Those elements can be measured in number, length, area, volume, weight or time, then collated and structured to produce an unpriced bill of quantities. This process is sometimes referred to as ‘working up’.		The term ‘taking off’ refers to the process of identifying elements of construction works that can be measured and priced. Those elements can be measured in number, length, area, volume, weight or time, then collated and structured to produce an unpriced bill of quantities. This process is sometimes referred to as ‘working up’.

−	~~[[Taking_off\|See Taking off for~~ more information.]]	+	For more information see: Taking off.
		+
		+	See also: How to take off construction works.

−	= ~~Standard~~ measurement conventions =	+	== What are the standard measurement conventions? ==

	Always measure gross building area and then deduct items such as exterior walls to find floor space area. Always measure on the centre line of the material.		Always measure gross building area and then deduct items such as exterior walls to find floor space area. Always measure on the centre line of the material.

−	== Calculating girths and centre lines ==	+	=== Calculating girths and centre lines ===

	The centre line is half way between the external girth and the internal girth.		The centre line is half way between the external girth and the internal girth.
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	CL = External girth - (No. of corners) x 2(wall width)/2		CL = External girth - (No. of corners) x 2(wall width)/2

−	== Calculating girths for irregular shaped buildings ==	+	=== Calculating girths for irregular shaped buildings ===

	[[File:Measurement2.png\|link=File:Measurement2.png]]		[[File:Measurement2.png\|link=File:Measurement2.png]]
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	Difference = 2.00 m = 4 x 2(wall width)/2		Difference = 2.00 m = 4 x 2(wall width)/2

−	== Buildings with an inset ==	+	=== Buildings with an inset ===

	[[File:Measurement3.png\|link=File:Measurement3.png]]		[[File:Measurement3.png\|link=File:Measurement3.png]]
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	= 27.20 m		= 27.20 m

−	== Important centre lines used for measuring foundations ==	+	=== Important centre lines used for measuring foundations ===

	[[File:Measurement4.png\|link=File:Measurement4.png]]		[[File:Measurement4.png\|link=File:Measurement4.png]]

−	= BIM =	+	= Building information modelling (BIM) and measurement. =

	Increasingly, software packages are available to assist in the preparation of preparation of bills of quantities, and building information modelling systems can be used to produce bills of quantities from information already contained within the model.		Increasingly, software packages are available to assist in the preparation of preparation of bills of quantities, and building information modelling systems can be used to produce bills of quantities from information already contained within the model.
		+
		+	For more information see: Building information modelling.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =
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	* BCIS elements.		* BCIS elements.
	* Bill of quantities.		* Bill of quantities.
−	* Building People.
	* Chainage.		* Chainage.
	* Code of measuring practice.		* Code of measuring practice.
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	* How to take off construction works.		* How to take off construction works.
	* International Property Measurement Standards.		* International Property Measurement Standards.
−	* Ordnance Datum.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.
−	* Metric system.
−	* Net internal area.
	* New Rules of Measurement.		* New Rules of Measurement.
	* NRM 1.		* NRM 1.
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	* NRM 3.		* NRM 3.
	* Quantity surveyor.		* Quantity surveyor.
−	* RICS.
	* Schedule of work.		* Schedule of work.
	* Size.		* Size.

Designing Buildings at 08:28, 4 January 2022

2022-01-04T08:28:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:28, 4 January 2022
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	Increasingly, software packages are available to assist in the preparation of preparation of bills of quantities, and building information modelling systems can be used to produce bills of quantities from information already contained within the model.		Increasingly, software packages are available to assist in the preparation of preparation of bills of quantities, and building information modelling systems can be used to produce bills of quantities from information already contained within the model.

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Advantages of a bill of quantities.		* Advantages of a bill of quantities.
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	* RICS.		* RICS.
	* Schedule of work.		* Schedule of work.
		+	* Size.
	* Units.		* Units.
	* Volume.		* Volume.

Editor: Undo revision 173586 by 112.134.136.84 (talk)

2020-09-14T09:51:23Z

Undo revision 173586 by 112.134.136.84 (talk)

Show changes

112.134.136.84 at 09:18, 14 September 2020

2020-09-14T09:18:01Z

Show changes

112.134.136.84 at 09:14, 14 September 2020

2020-09-14T09:14:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:14, 14 September 2020
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	= Definition of measurement =		= Definition of measurement =

−	Measurement is the transformation of drawn information into descriptions and quantities, undertaken to value, cost, and price construction work, as well as enabling effective ~~management.~~	+	Measurement is the transformation of drawn information into descriptions and quantities, undertaken to value, cost, and price construction work, as well as enabling effective managem

	It is not just about a quantity surveyor producing a bill of quantities for contractors to price during tendering. It is used in both pre- and post-contract work, helping assess the likely cost of the works, and determining what contractors and subcontractors should be paid for work that has been completed.		It is not just about a quantity surveyor producing a bill of quantities for contractors to price during tendering. It is used in both pre- and post-contract work, helping assess the likely cost of the works, and determining what contractors and subcontractors should be paid for work that has been completed.

Designing Buildings at 13:49, 28 August 2020

2020-08-28T13:49:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 28 August 2020
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	* ‘Willis’s Elements of Quantity Surveying’ (10th ed.), LEE, S., TRENCH, W., Blackwell Publishing (2005)		* ‘Willis’s Elements of Quantity Surveying’ (10th ed.), LEE, S., TRENCH, W., Blackwell Publishing (2005)

−	[[Category:~~Standards_/_measurements~~]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Editor at 10:27, 28 May 2020

2020-05-28T10:27:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:27, 28 May 2020
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	* BCIS elements.		* BCIS elements.
	* Bill of quantities.		* Bill of quantities.
		+	* Building People.
	* Chainage.		* Chainage.
	* Code of measuring practice.		* Code of measuring practice.
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	* ‘Willis’s Elements of Quantity Surveying’ (10th ed.), LEE, S., TRENCH, W., Blackwell Publishing (2005)		* ‘Willis’s Elements of Quantity Surveying’ (10th ed.), LEE, S., TRENCH, W., Blackwell Publishing (2005)

−	[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]	+	[[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Designing Buildings at 07:57, 19 January 2020

2020-01-19T07:57:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:57, 19 January 2020
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−	This article refers to the measurement of quantities for construction works. For articles about more general measurements, see the [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Category:Standards_/_measurements list of articles in the measurement category].	+	Note: This article refers to the measurement of quantities for construction works. For articles about more general measurements, see the [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Category:Standards_/_measurements list of articles in the measurement category].
		+
		+	See also:
		+
		+	* Measured term contract.
		+	* Measured work.
		+	* Measured quantity.

	= Definition of measurement =		= Definition of measurement =

Editor at 18:42, 1 March 2019

2019-03-01T18:42:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:42, 1 March 2019
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	* Ordnance Datum.		* Ordnance Datum.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.
		+	* Metric system.
	* Net internal area.		* Net internal area.
	* New Rules of Measurement.		* New Rules of Measurement.

Editor at 18:30, 4 February 2019

2019-02-04T18:30:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:30, 4 February 2019
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	* Conversion of material volumes.		* Conversion of material volumes.
	* Cost plans.		* Cost plans.
		+	* Cubic metre.
	* Gross external area.		* Gross external area.
	* Gross internal area.		* Gross internal area.