Maracana Stadium - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 05:32, 22 October 2020

2020-10-22T05:32:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:32, 22 October 2020
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	* Wembley Stadium.		* Wembley Stadium.

−	[[Category:~~Articles_needing_more_work~~]] [[Category:~~Conservation~~]] [[Category:~~International~~]] [[Category:~~Projects_and_case_studies~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Project_Knowledge~~]]	+	[[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Designing Buildings at 11:53, 20 January 2020

2020-01-20T11:53:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:53, 20 January 2020
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	In late-January 2017, Light, a local electric utility company, cut off the stadium's power due to unpaid bills, which they claim are in the region of 3 million reals (US$940,000).		In late-January 2017, Light, a local electric utility company, cut off the stadium's power due to unpaid bills, which they claim are in the region of 3 million reals (US$940,000).

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* Al Thumama Stadium, Qatar.		* Al Thumama Stadium, Qatar.
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	* Roman Colosseum.		* Roman Colosseum.
	* Royal Albert Hall.		* Royal Albert Hall.
		+	* Stadium.
	* Sydney Opera House.		* Sydney Opera House.
	* The development of structural membranes.		* The development of structural membranes.
	* Wembley Stadium.		* Wembley Stadium.

−	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]]

156.201.213.47 at 22:39, 18 February 2018

2018-02-18T22:39:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:39, 18 February 2018
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	* Wembley Stadium.		* Wembley Stadium.

−	[[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Editor at 09:35, 22 August 2017

2017-08-22T09:35:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:35, 22 August 2017
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	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===		=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===

		+	* Al Thumama Stadium, Qatar.
	* Beijing National Stadium.		* Beijing National Stadium.
	* Building of the week series.		* Building of the week series.

86.132.38.202 at 11:04, 10 February 2017

2017-02-10T11:04:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:04, 10 February 2017
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	In addition, due to general looting, around 10% of the 78,000 seats have been torn up. Looters have also stolen fire extinguishers, hoses, televisions and even a bronze bust of Mario Filho, the journalist after whom the stadium was named.		In addition, due to general looting, around 10% of the 78,000 seats have been torn up. Looters have also stolen fire extinguishers, hoses, televisions and even a bronze bust of Mario Filho, the journalist after whom the stadium was named.

−	In late-January 2017, Light, a local electric utility company, cut off the stadium's power due to unpaid bills, which they claim ~~to be~~ in the region of 3 million reals (US$940,000).	+	In late-January 2017, Light, a local electric utility company, cut off the stadium's power due to unpaid bills, which they claim are in the region of 3 million reals (US$940,000).

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Editor at 10:02, 10 February 2017

2017-02-10T10:02:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:02, 10 February 2017
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	Whereas the original roof had only covered the rear spectators, the new roof covered 95% of the seats. The roof is also fitted with 1,500 photovoltaic solar modules to produce solar energy.		Whereas the original roof had only covered the rear spectators, the new roof covered 95% of the seats. The roof is also fitted with 1,500 photovoltaic solar modules to produce solar energy.
		+
		+	= Post-Olympics =
		+
		+	Just six months on from the 2016 Games, concern was raised by the Rio de Janeiro Football Federation about the deteriorating state of the Maracana, as well as a number of other venues purpose-built for the Olympics in Rio.
		+
		+	As no one took over responsibility for the up-keep of the stadium after the closing ceremony, reports have surfaced of the rapid disrepair of the stadium. Worms have damaged the threadbare playing surface, internal windows have been smashed, copper wire stolen from walls and ceilings.
		+
		+	In addition, due to general looting, around 10% of the 78,000 seats have been torn up. Looters have also stolen fire extinguishers, hoses, televisions and even a bronze bust of Mario Filho, the journalist after whom the stadium was named.
		+
		+	In late-January 2017, Light, a local electric utility company, cut off the stadium's power due to unpaid bills, which they claim to be in the region of 3 million reals (US$940,000).

	= Find out more =		= Find out more =

Editor at 13:37, 7 February 2017

2017-02-07T13:37:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:37, 7 February 2017
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	* FC Twente stadium roof collapse.		* FC Twente stadium roof collapse.
	* Millennium Dome.		* Millennium Dome.
		+	* Olympic Stadium, Montreal.
	* Roman Colosseum.		* Roman Colosseum.
	* Royal Albert Hall.		* Royal Albert Hall.

Designing Buildings at 15:19, 4 August 2016

2016-08-04T15:19:27Z

Editor: moved Maracanã Stadium to Maracana Stadium

2016-08-04T14:31:07Z

moved Maracanã Stadium to Maracana Stadium

← Older revision

Revision as of 14:31, 4 August 2016

Editor at 14:22, 4 August 2016

2016-08-04T14:22:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:22, 4 August 2016
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−	[[File:Maracana-stadium-brasil.jpg\|~~720px~~]]	+	[[File:Maracana-stadium-brasil.jpg\|link=File:Maracana-stadium-brasil.jpg]]

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =
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	= Renovation =		= Renovation =
−
−	[[w/index.php?title=W/index.php%3Ftitle%3DW/index.php%3Ftitle%3DW/index.php%3Ftitle%3DSpecial:Upload%26wpDestFile%3DMaracan_Stadium2.jpg%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&action=edit&redlink=1\|800px]]

	During a football match in July 1992, an upper stand collapsed, killing 3 spectators and injuring 50 others. Following this disaster, it was converted to an all-seater stadium in the late-1990s, greatly reducing the capacity.		During a football match in July 1992, an upper stand collapsed, killing 3 spectators and injuring 50 others. Following this disaster, it was converted to an all-seater stadium in the late-1990s, greatly reducing the capacity.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:19, 4 August 2016
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	= Introduction =		= Introduction =

−	The Estadio Jornalista Mario Filho, or Maracana Stadium as it is more commonly known, is a football stadium ~~located~~ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.	+	The Estadio Jornalista Mario Filho, or Maracana Stadium as it is more commonly known, is a football stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

−	It was built by the Brazilian government after winning the right to host the 1950 FIFA World Cup. In 1947, a competition for the design and construction was ~~opened~~, with the construction contract awarded to engineer Humberto Menescal, and the architectural contract awarded to seven Brazilian architects.	+	It was built by the Brazilian government after winning the right to host the 1950 FIFA World Cup. In 1947, a competition for the design and construction was launched, with the construction contract awarded to engineer Humberto Menescal, and the architectural contract awarded to seven Brazilian architects.

	Upon completion in 1950, it was the world’s largest stadium by capacity, with 199,854 attending – legally and illegally – the final between Brazil and Uruguay.		Upon completion in 1950, it was the world’s largest stadium by capacity, with 199,854 attending – legally and illegally – the final between Brazil and Uruguay.
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	[[File:Maraca-1950.jpg\|link=File:Maraca-1950.jpg]]		[[File:Maraca-1950.jpg\|link=File:Maraca-1950.jpg]]

−	Construction work began on the stadium in August 1948, with a little under two years before the first World Cup game was due to be played. Work quickly fell behind ~~such a~~ tight schedule, meaning that a work force of 1,500 ~~were~~ employed, with an additional 2,000 in the final months, ~~in order that it was~~ ready on time.	+	Construction work began on the stadium in August 1948, with a little under two years before the first World Cup game was due to be played. Work quickly fell behind the tight schedule, meaning that a work force of 1,500 had to be employed, with an additional 2,000 in the final months, to be ready on time.

−	The stadium is characterised by its elliptical framework which is almost circular, and the maximum height is only 24 m (78 ft). Two large rings of tiers run round the entire stadium divided by medium-sized open boxes, with a cantilevered roof spanning 30 m ~~covers~~ the rows at the rear of the stadium.	+	The stadium is characterised by its elliptical framework which is almost circular, and the maximum height is only 24 m (78 ft). Two large rings of tiers run round the entire stadium divided by medium-sized open boxes, with a cantilevered roof spanning 30 m covering the rows at the rear of the stadium.

	It was built using solid and reinforced concrete. The façade of the elliptical perimeter incorporates 60 large Y-shaped pillars that sustain the supporting beams.		It was built using solid and reinforced concrete. The façade of the elliptical perimeter incorporates 60 large Y-shaped pillars that sustain the supporting beams.
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	= Renovation =		= Renovation =

−	During a football match in July 1992, an upper stand collapsed, killing 3 spectators and injuring 50 others. Following this disaster, it was converted to an all-seater stadium ~~in the late-1990s~~, greatly reducing the capacity.	+	During a football match in July 1992, an upper stand collapsed, killing 3 spectators and injuring 50 others. Following this disaster, it was converted to an all-seater stadium, greatly reducing the capacity. Around the same time, it was classified as a national landmark and saved from possible demolition.
−		+
−	Around the same time ~~though~~, it was classified as a national landmark and ~~therefore~~ saved from possible demolition.	+

	The stadium underwent renovations between 2005 and 2006, which increased its all-seated capacity to 87,000, making it the largest stadium in Brazil.		The stadium underwent renovations between 2005 and 2006, which increased its all-seated capacity to 87,000, making it the largest stadium in Brazil.

−	With the 2014 World and 2016 Olympics approaching, a major reconstruction project was started in 2010. Analysis of the existing structure revealed that the cantilevered concrete roof had become functionally inadequate and lacked sufficient structural safety.	+	With the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics approaching, a major reconstruction project was started in 2010. Analysis of the existing structure revealed that the cantilevered concrete roof had become functionally inadequate and lacked sufficient structural safety.

−	The roof was removed and the original two-tier seating bowl demolished, to be replaced with a one-tier configuration. The original reinforced concrete columns of the old bowl were retained and used to support a new lightweight roof structure that was designed ~~on the principles of~~ a spoked wheel laid horizontally.	+	The roof was removed and the original two-tier seating bowl demolished, to be replaced with a one-tier configuration. The original reinforced concrete columns of the old bowl were retained and used to support a new lightweight roof structure that was designed as a spoked wheel laid horizontally.

−	The innovative roof structure features one compression ring and three tension rings ~~made of high-performance materials~~, which ~~facilitate a roof that appears to be~~ floating. Between the rim of the wheel – the compression ring – and the tension rings at the roof’s inner edge, high-strength spoke cables ~~are tightened~~.	+	The innovative roof structure features one compression ring and three tension rings, which give it the appearance of floating. Between the rim of the wheel – the compression ring – and the tension rings at the roof’s inner edge, there are a series of high-strength spoke cables.

−	~~Suspended between the radial main axes, the~~ roof covering ~~consists of~~ a fibreglass-tensioned membrane coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The surface is stabilised using additional radial filet cables, which also ~~generate a minimal turning point, thereby enabling~~ adequate water drainage. The membrane sections ~~allow for~~ a gently-curved deltoid shape, and emphasise the deliberately cautious intervention into the existing concrete structure.	+	The roof covering is a fibreglass-tensioned membrane coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The surface is stabilised using additional radial filet cables, which also ensure adequate water drainage. The membrane sections have a gently-curved deltoid shape, and emphasise the deliberately cautious intervention into the existing concrete structure.

	Whereas the original roof had only covered the rear spectators, the new roof covered 95% of the seats. The roof is also fitted with 1,500 photovoltaic solar modules to produce solar energy.		Whereas the original roof had only covered the rear spectators, the new roof covered 95% of the seats. The roof is also fitted with 1,500 photovoltaic solar modules to produce solar energy.