Levelling in surveying - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 11:31, 23 November 2022

2022-11-23T11:31:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:31, 23 November 2022
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−	= [[File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg\|link=File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg]] =	+	[[File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg\|link=File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg]]

−	~~Levelling~~ is a process of determining the height of one level relative to another. It is used in surveying to establish the elevation of a point relative to a datum, or to establish a point at a given elevation relative to a datum.	+	= What is levelling? =

−	~~=== Types~~ of level ===	+	Levelling in surveying is the process of determining the height of one level relative to another. It is used to establish the elevation of a point relative to a datum, or to establish a point at a given elevation relative to a datum. This can be important when laying out or measuring buildings, other built assets and landscape.
		+
		+	For more information see: Levelling applications
		+
		+	= What area the types of levelling instrument? =

	The main instruments used for levelling include:		The main instruments used for levelling include:
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	* Water level: Useful in confined spaces.		* Water level: Useful in confined spaces.

−	~~=== The Reticule diaphragm ===~~	+	For more information see: Surveying instruments.

−	The reticule, sometimes known as the cross-hairs or stadia hairs. The full horizontal line is the reference line for levelling and the 2 shorter lines above and below the full line are stadia lines for tacheometric measurements.	+	= How to take levels =

−	~~=== Reading staffs ===~~	+	The reticule is sometimes known as the cross-hairs or stadia hairs. The full horizontal line is the reference line for levelling and the 2 shorter lines above and below the full line are stadia lines for tacheometric measurements.

	Care should be taken of staffs as well as levels as they are prone to damage. They should be inspected regularly for signs of wear. A common error is misreading the staff, so it is important that time is taken to ensure accurate readings.		Care should be taken of staffs as well as levels as they are prone to damage. They should be inspected regularly for signs of wear. A common error is misreading the staff, so it is important that time is taken to ensure accurate readings.
−
−	~~=== Holding the staff ===~~

	The staff must be held vertical. The best ways to eliminate error are as follows:		The staff must be held vertical. The best ways to eliminate error are as follows:
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	* The verticality of the staff should be checked against a vertical line by standing to the side of the staff and checking it is aligned.		* The verticality of the staff should be checked against a vertical line by standing to the side of the staff and checking it is aligned.

−	=== Booking observations ===	+	= Booking observations =

	The steps to take when booking observations are as follows:		The steps to take when booking observations are as follows:
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	* Work should be spread out appropriately.		* Work should be spread out appropriately.

−	There are two accepted methods of booking observations – Rise and Fall method ~~and~~ Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC). Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.	+	There are two accepted methods for booking observations:
		+
		+	* Rise and Fall method
		+	* Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC).

−	~~See also: Levelling applications~~	+	Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =
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	* Level.		* Level.
	* Levelling applications.		* Levelling applications.
−	* Mass haul movement.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.
−	* Road construction.
	* Robotic total station.		* Robotic total station.
−	* Site plan.
	* Site surveys.		* Site surveys.
	* Surveying instruments.		* Surveying instruments.

43.228.109.83 at 07:34, 25 July 2022

2022-07-25T07:34:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:34, 25 July 2022
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−	[[File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg\|link=File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg]]	+	= [[File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg\|link=File:Surveyor-585463_640.jpg]] =

	Levelling is a process of determining the height of one level relative to another. It is used in surveying to establish the elevation of a point relative to a datum, or to establish a point at a given elevation relative to a datum.		Levelling is a process of determining the height of one level relative to another. It is used in surveying to establish the elevation of a point relative to a datum, or to establish a point at a given elevation relative to a datum.

Editor at 16:46, 12 May 2022

2022-05-12T16:46:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 12 May 2022
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	See also: Levelling applications		See also: Levelling applications

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Building survey.		* Building survey.

Designing Buildings at 12:57, 31 August 2020

2020-08-31T12:57:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 31 August 2020
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	* Verticality.		* Verticality.

−	[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Designing Buildings at 16:41, 23 March 2020

2020-03-23T16:41:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:41, 23 March 2020
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	There are two accepted methods of booking observations – Rise and Fall method and Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC). Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.		There are two accepted methods of booking observations – Rise and Fall method and Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC). Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.
		+
		+	See also: Levelling applications

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
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	* Laser scanning.		* Laser scanning.
	* Level.		* Level.
		+	* Levelling applications.
	* Mass haul movement.		* Mass haul movement.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.

Designing Buildings at 09:23, 3 January 2019

2019-01-03T09:23:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:23, 3 January 2019
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	* Laser scanning.		* Laser scanning.
	* Level.		* Level.
		+	* Mass haul movement.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.
	* Road construction.		* Road construction.

Editor at 15:13, 28 September 2018

2018-09-28T15:13:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 28 September 2018
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	* Surveying instruments.		* Surveying instruments.
	* Surveyor.		* Surveyor.
		+	* Verticality.

	[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]		[[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Roles_/_services]]

Editor at 15:13, 13 September 2018

2018-09-13T15:13:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 13 September 2018
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	There are two accepted methods of booking observations – Rise and Fall method and Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC). Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.		There are two accepted methods of booking observations – Rise and Fall method and Height of the Plane of Collimation method (HPC/HOC). Neither method can be said to be more accurate than the other. Rise and Fall does have an additional check on the arithmetical reduction of the observations which makes it more popular on line levelling. The HPC method is used for setting out because one always needs to know the height of the instrument.

−	~~= Find out more =~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
−		+
−	=== Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki ===	+

	* Building survey.		* Building survey.
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	* Land surveying.		* Land surveying.
	* Laser scanning.		* Laser scanning.
		+	* Level.
	* Measurement of existing buildings.		* Measurement of existing buildings.
	* Road construction.		* Road construction.

Editor at 17:49, 20 February 2017

2017-02-20T17:49:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:49, 20 February 2017
Line 53:		Line 53:
	* Land surveying.		* Land surveying.
	* Laser scanning.		* Laser scanning.
		+	* Measurement of existing buildings.
	* Road construction.		* Road construction.
	* Robotic total station.		* Robotic total station.

Designing Buildings: moved Levelling to Levelling in surveying

2016-11-27T08:37:15Z

moved Levelling to Levelling in surveying

← Older revision

Revision as of 08:37, 27 November 2016