Green wood timber - Revision history

Editor at 10:58, 11 November 2022

2022-11-11T10:58:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:58, 11 November 2022
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	= Contemporary green oak frame =		= Contemporary green oak frame =

−	Innovative use of green wood in contemporary architecture has included the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, forming a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which over time dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.	+	Innovative use of green wood in contemporary architecture has included the construction of timber gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, forming a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which over time dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.

	[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]		[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]

Editor at 10:58, 11 November 2022

2022-11-11T10:58:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:58, 11 November 2022
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	* Fibre saturation point FSP		* Fibre saturation point FSP
	* Geodesic dome.		* Geodesic dome.
−	* ~~Gridshell~~.	+	* Timber gridshell.
	* Moisture content.		* Moisture content.
	* The history of timber construction in the UK.		* The history of timber construction in the UK.

Editor at 10:57, 11 November 2022

2022-11-11T10:57:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:57, 11 November 2022
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	For more information about the Weald and Downland Living Museum visit [https://www.wealddown.co.uk https://www.wealddown.co.uk]		For more information about the Weald and Downland Living Museum visit [https://www.wealddown.co.uk https://www.wealddown.co.uk]
		+
		+	--[[User:Editor\|editor]]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Designing Buildings at 06:05, 11 October 2022

2022-10-11T06:05:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:05, 11 October 2022
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	= Traditional green oak frame =		= Traditional green oak frame =

−	Once seasoned timber becomes more stable and harder, so most timber products are seasoned before use, however traditional green wood or green oak framing makes use of ~~this~~ non-seasoned wood to ease cutting and preparation of the timber frames, particularly of the joints. Traditional timber frames are a common part of UK and European vernacular buildings, most would have ~~built initially~~ built using green wood joints with timber dowels that removed the need for metal fixings.	+	Once seasoned, timber becomes more stable and harder, so most timber products are seasoned before use, however traditional green wood or green oak framing makes use of non-seasoned wood to ease cutting and preparation of the timber frames, particularly of the joints. Traditional timber frames are a common part of UK and European vernacular buildings, most would have been built using green wood joints with timber dowels that removed the need for metal fixings.

−	Timber dowels are small round pins, usually of oak or a similar material that has been seasoned~~, the~~ dowel is dry when it is inserted into a joint of green wood, so it soaks the moisture from the freshly cut wood and expands. The expansion of the dowel creates a tight ~~fitting~~ fixing for the green wood ~~or oak frame to stay erected~~. Over time and exposure to the elements, the frame and the dowel season, become drier and harden to create a rigid connection and stable frame.	+	Timber dowels are small round pins, usually of oak or a similar material that has been seasoned. The dowel is dry when it is inserted into a joint of green wood, so it soaks the moisture from the freshly cut wood and expands. The expansion of the dowel creates a tight fixing for the green wood. Over time and exposure to the elements, the frame and the dowel season, become drier and harden and create a rigid connection and stable frame.

−	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way~~, often~~ a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid~~, at which time it~~ would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.	+	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way. Often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid. It would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.

	= Contemporary green oak frame =		= Contemporary green oak frame =

−	~~Quite and innovative uses~~ of green wood in contemporary architecture ~~have been in~~ the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, ~~formed~~ a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which ~~overtime~~ dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.	+	Innovative use of green wood in contemporary architecture has included the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, forming a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which over time dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.

	[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]		[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]
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	For more information about the Weald and Downland Living Museum visit [https://www.wealddown.co.uk https://www.wealddown.co.uk]		For more information about the Weald and Downland Living Museum visit [https://www.wealddown.co.uk https://www.wealddown.co.uk]

−	= Related ~~artcles~~ on Designing Buildings =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Fibre saturation point FSP		* Fibre saturation point FSP
	* Geodesic dome.		* Geodesic dome.
−	* Geometric form.
	* Gridshell.		* Gridshell.
−	* Moisture content	+	* Moisture content.
−	* The history of timber construction in the UK	+	* The history of timber construction in the UK.
−	* Timber preservation	+	* Timber.
−	* ~~wattle~~ and daub.	+	* Timber preservation.
		+	* Timber v wood.
		+	* Wattle and daub.

	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Specification]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]		[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Specification]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Designing Buildings at 06:00, 11 October 2022

2022-10-11T06:00:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:00, 11 October 2022
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−	[[File:~~Green wood joints~~.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]	+	[[File:Green_wood_joints.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]

−	= ~~Why~~ is ~~it called~~ green wood ? =	+	= What is green wood? =

−	~~Greenwood~~ refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used ~~a term~~ to describe ~~the typical~~ forest setting for historical stories, such as Robin ~~hood; outlaw and greenwood myth~~.	+	The term green wood (or green timber) refers to a type of timber which has been freshly cut, and because of its high moisture contents, it is softer to work with, more flexible and less brittle. It relates to the forest term 'greenwood' because it is considered to be living, green or active and thus containing more water, but it is also prone to greater movement and deformation as it looses that water, dries or seasons over time. The term greenwood refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used to describe an idealised forest setting for historical stories such as Robin Hood.

−	Green wood (also green timber) on the other hand refers to a type of timber which has been freshly cut and therefore softer to work with, more flexible and less brittle due to its higher moisture content. It relates to the forest term because it is also considered to be living, green or active and thus containing more water, but it is also prone to greater movement and deformation as it looses that water, dries or seasons over time.	+	The opposite of green wood is seasoned wood, which is wood that has been left to dry in a covered area for a period dependent on the conditions and type of timber.
−		+
−	The opposite of green wood is seasoned wood, which has been left to dry ~~or season~~ in a ~~overed~~ area for a ~~certain time~~ period ~~(depending~~ on the conditions and type of timber.)	+

	= Moisture in green wood explained =		= Moisture in green wood explained =
−
−	[https://www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=327056 A guide to the use of urban timber (FB 50)], written by Geoff Cooper and published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/BRE BRE] on 31 July 2012, defines green timber as: 'A term used to describe [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Wood wood] which has been freshly cut and still contains a high percentage of [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] (free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture]).'

	Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present in wood compared to the dry matter of the wood. Although not very common, technically, it is possible to have a moisture content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there is more water than wood in the sample being tested. Green wood has significantly more free water in it than seasoned wood, this means it is less stable and likely to move as it seasons.		Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present in wood compared to the dry matter of the wood. Although not very common, technically, it is possible to have a moisture content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there is more water than wood in the sample being tested. Green wood has significantly more free water in it than seasoned wood, this means it is less stable and likely to move as it seasons.

−	~~[https://www.ciria.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=C793F&Category=FREEPUBS&WebsiteKey=3f18c87a-d62b-4eca-8ef4-9b09309c1c91 Groynes in coastal engineering~~ (~~CIRIA C793~~)], published by ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/CIRIA CIRIA] in 2020~~, defines green timber as: ~~‘[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Timber Timber]~~ freshly ~~felled or~~ still ~~containing~~ free ~~[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture~~ moisture~~] that is not bound to the cell [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Walls wall]~~.’	+	A guide to the use of urban timber (FB 50), written by Geoff Cooper and published by BRE on 31 July 2012, defines green timber as: 'A term used to describe wood which has been freshly cut and still contains a high percentage of moisture (free moisture).'

−	Free water or free moisture refers to water ~~that’s~~ stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, and green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than ~~for~~ the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells~~, the~~ drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.	+	Free water or free moisture refers to water that is stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, and green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells. The drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.

−	[[File:~~Green wood trad to mod~~.jpg]]	+	[[File:Green_wood_trad_to_mod.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood_trad_to_mod.jpg]]

	= Traditional green oak frame =		= Traditional green oak frame =

Editor at 15:13, 10 October 2022

2022-10-10T15:13:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 10 October 2022
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−	[[File:~~Green_wood~~.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]	+	[[File:Green wood joints.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]

	= Why is it called green wood ? =		= Why is it called green wood ? =
Line 18:		Line 18:

	Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, and green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.		Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, and green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.
		+
		+	[[File:Green wood trad to mod.jpg]]

	= Traditional green oak frame =		= Traditional green oak frame =
Line 26:		Line 28:

	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.		Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.
−
−	~~[[File:Greenoak_frames_mix_2.jpg\|link=File:Greenoak_frames_mix.jpg]]~~

	= Contemporary green oak frame =		= Contemporary green oak frame =
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	[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]		[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]

−	For more information and photographs of the ~~process~~ visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].	+	For more information and photographs of the construction visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].
		+
		+	For more information about the Weald and Downland Living Museum visit [https://www.wealddown.co.uk https://www.wealddown.co.uk]

	= Related artcles on Designing Buildings =		= Related artcles on Designing Buildings =

Editor at 14:36, 10 October 2022

2022-10-10T14:36:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 10 October 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Green_wood.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]		[[File:Green_wood.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]

−	= Why green ? =	+	= Why is it called green wood ? =

	Greenwood refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used a term to describe the typical forest setting for historical stories, such as Robin hood; outlaw and greenwood myth.		Greenwood refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used a term to describe the typical forest setting for historical stories, such as Robin hood; outlaw and greenwood myth.
Line 8:		Line 8:

	The opposite of green wood is seasoned wood, which has been left to dry or season in a overed area for a certain time period (depending on the conditions and type of timber.)		The opposite of green wood is seasoned wood, which has been left to dry or season in a overed area for a certain time period (depending on the conditions and type of timber.)
		+
		+	= Moisture in green wood explained =

	[https://www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=327056 A guide to the use of urban timber (FB 50)], written by Geoff Cooper and published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/BRE BRE] on 31 July 2012, defines green timber as: 'A term used to describe [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Wood wood] which has been freshly cut and still contains a high percentage of [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] (free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture]).'		[https://www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=327056 A guide to the use of urban timber (FB 50)], written by Geoff Cooper and published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/BRE BRE] on 31 July 2012, defines green timber as: 'A term used to describe [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Wood wood] which has been freshly cut and still contains a high percentage of [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] (free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture]).'

−	~~[https://www.ciria.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=C793F&Category=FREEPUBS&WebsiteKey=3f18c87a-d62b-4eca-8ef4-9b09309c1c91 Groynes in coastal engineering (CIRIA C793)]~~, ~~published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/CIRIA CIRIA] in 2020, defines green timber as: ‘[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Timber Timber] freshly felled~~ or ~~still containing free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] that~~ is not ~~bound~~ to the ~~cell [https://www~~.~~designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Walls wall]~~.’	+	Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present in wood compared to the dry matter of the wood. Although not very common, technically, it is possible to have a moisture content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there is more water than wood in the sample being tested. Green wood has significantly more free water in it than seasoned wood, this means it is less stable and likely to move as it seasons.

−	= ~~Moisture~~ =	+	[https://www.ciria.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=C793F&Category=FREEPUBS&WebsiteKey=3f18c87a-d62b-4eca-8ef4-9b09309c1c91 Groynes in coastal engineering (CIRIA C793)], published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/CIRIA CIRIA] in 2020, defines green timber as: ‘[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Timber Timber] freshly felled or still containing free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] that is not bound to the cell [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Walls wall].’
−		+
−	~~Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present~~ in ~~wood compared to the dry matter of the wood~~. ~~Although not very common~~, ~~technically, it is possible to have a~~ moisture ~~content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there~~ is ~~more water than wood in~~ the ~~sample being tested~~.	+

−	Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.	+	Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, and green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.

	= Traditional green oak frame =		= Traditional green oak frame =
Line 33:		Line 33:
	Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.		Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.

−	[[File:~~Gridshell Sketches sml~~.jpg]]	+	[[File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg\|link=File:Gridshell_Sketches_sml.jpg]]

	For more information and photographs of the process visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].		For more information and photographs of the process visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].

Editor at 14:31, 10 October 2022

2022-10-10T14:31:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:31, 10 October 2022
Line 27:		Line 27:
	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.		Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.

−	[[File:~~Greenoak frames mix 2~~.jpg\|link=File:Greenoak_frames_mix.jpg]]	+	[[File:Greenoak_frames_mix_2.jpg\|link=File:Greenoak_frames_mix.jpg]]

	= Contemporary green oak frame =		= Contemporary green oak frame =

	Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.		Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.
		+
		+	[[File:Gridshell Sketches sml.jpg]]

	For more information and photographs of the process visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].		For more information and photographs of the process visit [https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell https://www.cullinanstudio.com/project-downland-gridshell].
Line 38:		Line 40:

	* Fibre saturation point FSP		* Fibre saturation point FSP
−	* Gridshell	+	* Geodesic dome.
		+	* Geometric form.
		+	* Gridshell.
	* Moisture content		* Moisture content
	* The history of timber construction in the UK		* The history of timber construction in the UK

Editor at 11:47, 9 October 2022

2022-10-09T11:47:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:47, 9 October 2022
Line 27:		Line 27:
	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.		Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.

−	[[File:Greenoak frames mix.jpg]]	+	[[File:Greenoak frames mix 2.jpg\|link=File:Greenoak_frames_mix.jpg]]

	= Contemporary green oak frame =		= Contemporary green oak frame =

Editor at 11:15, 9 October 2022

2022-10-09T11:15:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 9 October 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Green_wood.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]		[[File:Green_wood.jpg\|link=File:Green_wood.jpg]]
		+
		+	= Why green ? =

	Greenwood refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used a term to describe the typical forest setting for historical stories, such as Robin hood; outlaw and greenwood myth.		Greenwood refers to a living forest during the season when the leaves are lush and green. It was often used a term to describe the typical forest setting for historical stories, such as Robin hood; outlaw and greenwood myth.
Line 10:		Line 12:

	[https://www.ciria.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=C793F&Category=FREEPUBS&WebsiteKey=3f18c87a-d62b-4eca-8ef4-9b09309c1c91 Groynes in coastal engineering (CIRIA C793)], published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/CIRIA CIRIA] in 2020, defines green timber as: ‘[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Timber Timber] freshly felled or still containing free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] that is not bound to the cell [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Walls wall].’		[https://www.ciria.org/ItemDetail?iProductCode=C793F&Category=FREEPUBS&WebsiteKey=3f18c87a-d62b-4eca-8ef4-9b09309c1c91 Groynes in coastal engineering (CIRIA C793)], published by [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/CIRIA CIRIA] in 2020, defines green timber as: ‘[https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Timber Timber] freshly felled or still containing free [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture moisture] that is not bound to the cell [https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Walls wall].’
		+
		+	= Moisture =

	Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present in wood compared to the dry matter of the wood. Although not very common, technically, it is possible to have a moisture content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there is more water than wood in the sample being tested.		Moisture content, or %MC, is the measurement of how much water is present in wood compared to the dry matter of the wood. Although not very common, technically, it is possible to have a moisture content of over 100% and up to 200%, this happens when there is more water than wood in the sample being tested.

	Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.		Free water or free moisture refers to water that’s stored in the cell cavities, water that is stored within the cell walls is referred to as bound water. The higher the %MC of the timber, the more free water it contains between the cells, green wood tends have very high levels of moisture, up to 100% or more. This is significantly higher than for the Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) which is around 30%, under this percentage the bound water is within the cells, the drying of bound water generally has a greater impact on the shape or form of timber.
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		+	= Traditional green oak frame =

	Once seasoned timber becomes more stable and harder, so most timber products are seasoned before use, however traditional green wood or green oak framing makes use of this non-seasoned wood to ease cutting and preparation of the timber frames, particularly of the joints. Traditional timber frames are a common part of UK and European vernacular buildings, most would have built initially built using green wood joints with timber dowels that removed the need for metal fixings.		Once seasoned timber becomes more stable and harder, so most timber products are seasoned before use, however traditional green wood or green oak framing makes use of this non-seasoned wood to ease cutting and preparation of the timber frames, particularly of the joints. Traditional timber frames are a common part of UK and European vernacular buildings, most would have built initially built using green wood joints with timber dowels that removed the need for metal fixings.
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	Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.		Many traditional houses of the oak frame tradition were constructed this way, often a frame would be left for a year without cladding to allow it to season and become rigid, at which time it would then be clad and walls in-filled with wattle and daub.
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		+	[[File:Greenoak frames mix.jpg]]
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		+	= Contemporary green oak frame =

	Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.		Quite and innovative uses of green wood in contemporary architecture have been in the construction of gridshells, in particular the Weald and Downland Living Museum gridshell built by Edward Cullinan Architects, Buro Happold and the Green Oak Carpentry Company. This gridshell structure used the flexibility of green wood oak, through a diagonal grid of laths laid flat on supporting scaffold, the edges lowering gradually over weeks, formed a three hump shell. Once in position the laths, secured at the edges to curve base frame, created a stable structure which overtime dried and seasoned, hardening to becoming a rigid curved building frame.