Global atmospheric circulation - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 06:43, 10 October 2022

2022-10-10T06:43:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:43, 10 October 2022
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−	The earth is warmed by the sun to differing degrees, over different areas and in different concentrations over the globe. This is because the globe is at an angle to the sun and rotates, meaning certain (quite often relatively small) areas remain closer to the sun over the longer period and therefore remain considerably warmer. Due to the circular shape of the earth, a circular line at its widest central point will effectively spin faster than a line drawn nearer the top at a thinner section.	+	= Introduction =

−	The ~~equator~~ is ~~a relatively thin area but it runs around the globe at its widest point, it also remains closest to~~ the sun ~~as the globe rotates so receives more direct solar energy (or direct insolation) from the sun. On the other hand the suns rays have less opportunity and further~~ to ~~travel to hit the surface of the Arctic circle~~, ~~so receive less insolation~~ and ~~thus remaining colder~~. ~~The line of the Arctic circle also has a smaller circumference than say the equator~~ because ~~it runs around near~~ the ~~top rather than~~ at the ~~widest point of~~ the ~~earth as~~ the ~~equator does~~.	+	The earth is warmed by the sun to differing degrees, over different areas and in different concentrations. This is because the globe is at an angle to the sun and rotates, meaning certain areas remain closer to the sun over the longer period and therefore remain considerably warmer.

−	~~These two variables (as well as others ) impact how air, heat and coolth circulate~~ the globe~~; Global Atmospheric circulation. Warm air rises and cold air sinks which can create a simple vertical cell with airflow rotating~~, in the ~~atmosphere~~ as the globe rotates the ~~air at~~ the ~~surface rotates also, so at~~ the ~~equator~~ the ~~air moves faster because it travels further than at~~ the Arctic circle.	+	The equator is a relatively thin area but it runs around the globe at its widest point, it also remains closest to the sun as the globe rotates so receives more direct solar energy (or direct insolation) from the sun. On the other hand the suns rays have less opportunity to hit the surface of the Arctic circle, so receive less insolation and thus remain colder.

−	So as ~~the warm~~ air at the ~~equator~~ air rises and ~~moves towards~~ the ~~poles and moves faster than~~ the surface ~~of the earth~~ at ~~that point, like wise as air is pulled from the poles down to~~ the equator~~, it is moving more slowly than~~ the ~~surface as it widens. So~~ air ~~travelling from South to North in effect also~~ moves ~~from West to East and air from~~ the ~~North effectively also moves from East to West, this effect is known as the Coriolis force and forms what is known as the Hadley cell~~.	+	These variables (as well as others ) impact how air, heat and coolth circulate the globe; global atmospheric circulation. Warm air rises and cold air sinks which can create a simple vertical cell with rotating airflow. As the globe rotates the air at the surface rotates also, so at the equator the air moves faster because it travels further than at the Arctic circle.

−	These varying effects and the impacts occurring between the extremes create three primary cells that cause atmospheric circulation ~~these are called~~:	+	So as the warm air at the equator air rises and moves towards the poles it moves faster than the surface of the earth at that point, like wise as air is pulled from the poles down to the equator, it is moving more slowly than the surface as it widens. So air travelling from South to North in effect also moves from West to East and air from the North effectively also moves from East to West, this effect is known as the Coriolis force and forms what is known as the Hadley cell.
		+
		+	These varying effects and the impacts occurring between the extremes create three primary cells that cause atmospheric circulation:

	* Hadley cell		* Hadley cell
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	* Ferrel cell		* Ferrel cell

−	The air rises and sinks as a result of the activity of these cells, and causes a variety high and low pressures at ~~relative~~ points on the earths surface~~, these are generally known as~~:	+	The air rises and sinks as a result of the activity of these cells, and causes a variety high and low pressures at different points on the earths surface:

−	* Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure belt is found around the equator	+	* Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure belt is found around the equator.
	* Subtropical High at the surface between the Hadley and Ferrel cells.		* Subtropical High at the surface between the Hadley and Ferrel cells.
	* Subpolar low at the surface between the polar and Ferrel cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.		* Subpolar low at the surface between the polar and Ferrel cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.
	* Polar high at the surface below the polar cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.		* Polar high at the surface below the polar cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.

−	= Jet ~~Streams~~ =	+	= Jet streams =

−	Jet streams are narrow variable bands of very strong predominantly westerly air currents that encircle the globe a few miles above the earth~~, it~~ is ~~in general~~ accepted that there are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. The mid latitude jets run between and below the polar and Ferrel cells, whilst the subtropical jets run just below and between the Ferrel and the Hadley cells.	+	Jet streams are narrow variable bands of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents that encircle the globe a few miles above the earth. It is generall accepted that there are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. The mid latitude jets run between and below the polar and Ferrel cells, whilst the subtropical jets run just below and between the Ferrel and the Hadley cells.
−		+
−	~~= External links =~~	+
−		+
−	~~[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change]~~	+
−		+
−	~~[https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation]~~	+

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =
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	* Lithosphere.		* Lithosphere.
	* Polar cell.		* Polar cell.
		+
		+	= External links =
		+
		+	* [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change]
		+	* [https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation]

	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Education]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]]		[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Education]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]]

Editor at 19:47, 19 September 2022

2022-09-19T19:47:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:47, 19 September 2022
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	Jet streams are narrow variable bands of very strong predominantly westerly air currents that encircle the globe a few miles above the earth, it is in general accepted that there are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. The mid latitude jets run between and below the polar and Ferrel cells, whilst the subtropical jets run just below and between the Ferrel and the Hadley cells.		Jet streams are narrow variable bands of very strong predominantly westerly air currents that encircle the globe a few miles above the earth, it is in general accepted that there are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. The mid latitude jets run between and below the polar and Ferrel cells, whilst the subtropical jets run just below and between the Ferrel and the Hadley cells.
		+
		+	= External links =
		+
		+	[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/arctic-maps-climate-change]
		+
		+	[https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/global-atmospheric-circulation]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Editor: moved Global Atmospheric Circulation to Global atmospheric circulation

2022-09-19T13:35:31Z

moved Global Atmospheric Circulation to Global atmospheric circulation

← Older revision

Revision as of 13:35, 19 September 2022

Editor: Created page with "The earth is warmed by the sun to differing degrees, over different areas and in different concentrations over the globe. This is because the globe is at an angle to the sun and ..."

2022-09-19T13:34:04Z

Created page with "The earth is warmed by the sun to differing degrees, over different areas and in different concentrations over the globe. This is because the globe is at an angle to the sun and ..."

New page

The earth is warmed by the sun to differing degrees, over different areas and in different concentrations over the globe. This is because the globe is at an angle to the sun and rotates, meaning certain (quite often relatively small) areas remain closer to the sun over the longer period and therefore remain considerably warmer. Due to the circular shape of the earth, a circular line at its widest central point will effectively spin faster than a line drawn nearer the top at a thinner section.

The equator is a relatively thin area but it runs around the globe at its widest point, it also remains closest to the sun as the globe rotates so receives more direct solar energy (or direct insolation) from the sun. On the other hand the suns rays have less opportunity and further to travel to hit the surface of the Arctic circle, so receive less insolation and thus remaining colder. The line of the Arctic circle also has a smaller circumference than say the equator because it runs around near the top rather than at the widest point of the earth as the equator does.

These two variables (as well as others ) impact how air, heat and coolth circulate the globe; Global Atmospheric circulation. Warm air rises and cold air sinks which can create a simple vertical cell with airflow rotating, in the atmosphere as the globe rotates the air at the surface rotates also, so at the equator the air moves faster because it travels further than at the Arctic circle.

So as the warm air at the equator air rises and moves towards the poles and moves faster than the surface of the earth at that point, like wise as air is pulled from the poles down to the equator, it is moving more slowly than the surface as it widens. So air travelling from South to North in effect also moves from West to East and air from the North effectively also moves from East to West, this effect is known as the Coriolis force and forms what is known as the Hadley cell.

These varying effects and the impacts occurring between the extremes create three primary cells that cause atmospheric circulation these are called:

* Hadley cell
* Polar cell
* Ferrel cell

The air rises and sinks as a result of the activity of these cells, and causes a variety high and low pressures at relative points on the earths surface, these are generally known as:

* Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure belt is found around the equator
* Subtropical High at the surface between the Hadley and Ferrel cells.
* Subpolar low at the surface between the polar and Ferrel cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.
* Polar high at the surface below the polar cell. Air ascends, pressure falls and moist air cools.

= Jet Streams =

Jet streams are narrow variable bands of very strong predominantly westerly air currents that encircle the globe a few miles above the earth, it is in general accepted that there are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. The mid latitude jets run between and below the polar and Ferrel cells, whilst the subtropical jets run just below and between the Ferrel and the Hadley cells.

= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

* Adaptation.
* Atmosphere.
* Atmospheric pressure.
* Biosphere.
* Climate adaptation.
* Coriolis effect.
* Design Summer Year (DSY)
* Ferrel cell.
* Hadley Cell.
* Hydrosphere.
* Lithosphere.
* Polar cell.

[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Education]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]]