Funicular - Revision history

Editor at 15:27, 1 December 2021

2021-12-01T15:27:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:27, 1 December 2021
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	* Railway engineering.		* Railway engineering.
	* Social value of infrastructure.		* Social value of infrastructure.
		+
		+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:Definitions]] [[Category:Products_/_components]]

Editor at 10:45, 29 October 2021

2021-10-29T10:45:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:45, 29 October 2021
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	{\|		{\|
−	~~\|width="100%"~~\| Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. [[File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg]]	+	\| Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. [[File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

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	Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.		Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.
		+
		+	--[[User:Heidi_Schwartz\|Heidi Schwartz]]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Designing Buildings at 08:06, 27 October 2021

2021-10-27T08:06:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:06, 27 October 2021
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	= Funicular railways =		= Funicular railways =

−	This type of cable railway system (sometimes simply referred to as a funicular) is a form of transport that is often used at ski slopes or mountainous regions. ~~They combine~~ the concepts of an elevator (where technology uses a cable to move a carriage) with a ~~railroad~~ (where a carriage is moved along a track) ~~for a specific purpose -~~ to transport people (or objects) up steep inclines ~~along a track~~.	+	This type of cable railway system (sometimes simply referred to as a funicular) is a form of transport that is often used at ski slopes or mountainous regions. It combines the concepts of an elevator (where technology uses a cable to move a carriage) with a train (where a carriage is moved along a track) to transport people (or objects) up steep inclines.

−	A funicular is sometimes referred to as an inclined plane railway or a cliff railway. On the incline, there is typically a single track to support the movement of two carriages. As the carriages approach each other, the track diverges into two separate tracks (or passing loops) ~~to allow the carriages to pass~~.	+	A funicular is sometimes referred to as an inclined plane railway or a cliff railway. On the incline, there is typically a single track to support the movement of two carriages. As the carriages approach each other, the track diverges into two separate tracks (or passing loops).

	The movement of funiculars is controlled by a system of counter balanced carriages attached to each other with a cable. The haulage cable (or haul rope) is looped through a system of pulleys that reaches to the apex of the incline.		The movement of funiculars is controlled by a system of counter balanced carriages attached to each other with a cable. The haulage cable (or haul rope) is looped through a system of pulleys that reaches to the apex of the incline.
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	While the initial energy comes from a motor, neither carriage is equipped with an engine or motor (since the carriages counterbalance each other). This means one carriage moves downward safely as the speed of its descent is controlled by the weight of the other carriage moving upward. There is no great demand for new energy and lifting force to perpetuate the motion of the carriages.		While the initial energy comes from a motor, neither carriage is equipped with an engine or motor (since the carriages counterbalance each other). This means one carriage moves downward safely as the speed of its descent is controlled by the weight of the other carriage moving upward. There is no great demand for new energy and lifting force to perpetuate the motion of the carriages.

−	Wheels under the carriages served to guide them on the tracks - they do not provide pulling power as they would with other types of railways. If the tracks are not entirely straight, the cable uses unpowered pulleys known as sheaves to guide it ~~into~~ the proper direction (or change direction completely) and the wheels follow the same path.	+	Wheels under the carriages served to guide them on the tracks - they do not provide pulling power as they would with other types of railways. If the tracks are not entirely straight, the cable uses unpowered pulleys known as sheaves to guide it in the proper direction (or change direction completely) and the wheels follow the same path.

	Funiculars differ from inclined elevators - despite their similar appearance and purpose - because the carriages of inclined elevators operate independently while the movement of one funicular carriage depends on the movement of the other.		Funiculars differ from inclined elevators - despite their similar appearance and purpose - because the carriages of inclined elevators operate independently while the movement of one funicular carriage depends on the movement of the other.

−	~~= Different uses~~ of funiculars =	+	There is evidence of early funiculars dating to the 15th century. Some of these early devices used power generated by humans or animals to move the carriages.

−	~~This form~~ of ~~transportation has been used for centuries, with evidence of early funiculars dating to the 15th century~~. ~~Some of these early~~ devices ~~used power generated by humans or animals to move~~ the ~~carriages~~.	+	Water was another method of operation. These devices moved as the level of water in reserve tanks filled and emptied. There are a few water powered funiculars still in operation.

−	~~Water was another method of operation. These devices moved as the level of water in reserve tanks filled and emptied. There are a few water powered funiculars that are still in operation.~~	+	While many funiculars are open, some have been built into overground tunnels. Others have been built for the purpose of providing descent into caves or mines below ground or to transport passengers for underground travel.
−		+
−	While many funiculars are open, some ~~may~~ have been built into overground tunnels. Others have been built for the purpose of providing descent into caves or mines below ground or to transport passengers for underground travel	+

	= Funiculars in the UK =		= Funiculars in the UK =

−	Funiculars have been used throughout the UK, with a ~~good~~ number deployed in coastal areas. On the Isle of Man, funicular railways were used to support tourism in the mid-19th century, but none of these funiculars are still in operation.	+	Funiculars have been used throughout the UK, with a number deployed in coastal areas. On the Isle of Man, funicular railways were used to support tourism in the mid-19th century, but none of these funiculars are still in operation.

	Some noteworthy funiculars in the UK include:		Some noteworthy funiculars in the UK include:
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	{\|		{\|
−	\|width="100%"\|	+	\|width="100%"\| Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. [[File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg]]
−	Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway.	+
−	[[File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg]]	+
	\|}		\|}

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	CAT Funicular.		CAT Funicular.

−	[[File:FunicularCAT.jpg]]	+	[[File:FunicularCAT.jpg\|link=File:FunicularCAT.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

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	{\|		{\|
	\|width="100%"\|		\|width="100%"\|
−	[[File:Catenary.jpg]]	+	[[File:Catenary.jpg\|link=File:Catenary.jpg]]

	A chain hanging freely, with no applied load and supported freely at both ends (which are not in a vertical line) takes the form of a catenary.		A chain hanging freely, with no applied load and supported freely at both ends (which are not in a vertical line) takes the form of a catenary.
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	Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.		Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.

−	= Related articles on ~~Desiging~~ Buildings =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* 10,000 years of settlement on the Isle of Man.		* 10,000 years of settlement on the Isle of Man.

Editor at 18:51, 26 October 2021

2021-10-26T18:51:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 26 October 2021
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	Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway.		Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway.

−	[[File:Funicular.Bournemouth.jpg]]	+	[[File:Funicular.Bournemouth.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.Bournemouth.jpg]]
	\|}		\|}

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	Leas Lift.		Leas Lift.

−	[[File:Funicular.Leas.jpg]]	+	[[File:Funicular.Leas.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.Leas.jpg]]

	The Folkestone Cliff Lift aka Leas Lift aka Leas Cliff Railway is a water balanced funicular that first opened in 1885. The water recycling started in 1890.		The Folkestone Cliff Lift aka Leas Lift aka Leas Cliff Railway is a water balanced funicular that first opened in 1885. The water recycling started in 1890.
	\|}		\|}
−
−	~~Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway~~
−
−	~~Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway~~
−
−	~~cc-by-sa/2.0 - © nick macneill - geograph.org.uk/p/3418755~~

	Lynton and Lynmouth, Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. Climbing 152 metres (499 feet), this is the steepest and longest water-powered funicular in the world.		Lynton and Lynmouth, Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. Climbing 152 metres (499 feet), this is the steepest and longest water-powered funicular in the world.

−	Funicular ~~railway, CAT~~	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway.
		+	[[File:Funicular.LyntonLymouth.jpg]]
		+	\|}

−	~~Working to repair it~~	+	Machynlleth, CAT funicular. This water-balanced funicular opened in 1992 at the Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), which is an organisation associated with sustainable living and development.

−	~~Funicular railway,~~ CAT	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	CAT Funicular.

−	~~cc-by-sa/2~~.~~0 - © hayley green - geograph.org.uk/p/1521539~~	+	[[File:FunicularCAT.jpg]]
		+	\|}

−	~~Machynlleth, CAT funicular. This water-balanced funicular opened in 1992 at the Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), which is an organisation associated with sustainable living and development.~~	+	= Funicular forms =
−		+
−	Funicular forms	+

	Funicular forms are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load.		Funicular forms are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load.

	Although funicular forms and catenary forms look very similar, they are mathematically different. In mathematical representation, the catenary uses a hyperbolic cosine while the parabola is far easier to represent with just a polynomial. Engineers may sometimes use the mathematics for a parabola when considering a catenary.		Although funicular forms and catenary forms look very similar, they are mathematically different. In mathematical representation, the catenary uses a hyperbolic cosine while the parabola is far easier to represent with just a polynomial. Engineers may sometimes use the mathematics for a parabola when considering a catenary.
		+
		+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	[[File:Catenary.jpg]]

	A chain hanging freely, with no applied load and supported freely at both ends (which are not in a vertical line) takes the form of a catenary.		A chain hanging freely, with no applied load and supported freely at both ends (which are not in a vertical line) takes the form of a catenary.
		+	\|}

	Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.		Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.

Editor at 18:41, 26 October 2021

2021-10-26T18:41:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:41, 26 October 2021
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	Cairngorm Mountain Railway.		Cairngorm Mountain Railway.

−	[[File:Funicular.Cairngorm.jpg]]	+	[[File:Funicular.Cairngorm.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.Cairngorm.jpg]]

	This view of an ascending railway car was taken from a track by the middle station in Coire Cas.		This view of an ascending railway car was taken from a track by the middle station in Coire Cas.
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	{\|		{\|
	\|width="100%"\|		\|width="100%"\|
−	Clifton Rocks Railway	+	Clifton Rocks Railway.

−	[[File:Funicular.CliftonRocks.jpg]]	+	[[File:Funicular.CliftonRocks.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.CliftonRocks.jpg]]

	This is the Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station, as seen from across the River Avon. The concrete buttressing was added in the late 1950s when the tunnel was being used by the BBC as a transmitting station. At that time it was found that geological faulting was causing the façade to separate from the rock face.		This is the Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station, as seen from across the River Avon. The concrete buttressing was added in the late 1950s when the tunnel was being used by the BBC as a transmitting station. At that time it was found that geological faulting was causing the façade to separate from the rock face.
	\|}		\|}
−
−	~~Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe~~
−
−	~~Fisherman's Walk cliff lift near Boscombe.~~
−
−	~~Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe~~
−
−	~~cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Malc McDonald - geograph.org.uk/p/6970365~~

	Bournemouth, Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway. At 39 metres (128 feet), this is believed to be the smallest public funicular in the world.		Bournemouth, Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway. At 39 metres (128 feet), this is believed to be the smallest public funicular in the world.

−	~~Folkestone - Leas Lift Reopening~~	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway.

−	~~Folkestone - Leas Lift Lower Station~~. ~~Re-Opening of the Leas Lift~~.	+	[[File:Funicular.Bournemouth.jpg]]
		+	\|}

−	~~The Folkestone cliff lift aka~~ Leas Lift ~~aka Leas Cliff Railway is a~~ water ~~balanced~~ funicular ~~opened~~ in 1885~~. It was more successful than any other, so much so that with the opening of the Victoria Pier~~ in ~~1888 a second lift was built alongside – and then a third and fourth further along the Leas Cliff. Leas Lift was opened~~ as ~~twin lines, a second set was added in 1890, the second set closed in Oct 1966. The first set runs again today and was reopened on July 25th, 2010. The second set~~ of ~~lines are still in place. The water recycling was started in 1890 before this it was drained away~~.	+	Kent, Leas Lift. This grade II listed, water-operated funicular was installed in 1885 and is in operation (as of 2021).

−	~~Folkestone -~~ Leas Lift ~~Reopening~~	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	Leas Lift.

−	~~cc-by-sa/2~~.~~0 - © Helmut Zozmann - geograph~~.~~org.uk/p/2285846~~	+	[[File:Funicular.Leas.jpg]]

−	~~Kent,~~ Leas Lift~~. This grade II listed,~~ water~~-operated~~ funicular ~~was installed~~ in 1885 ~~and is still~~ in ~~operation (as of 2021)~~.	+	The Folkestone Cliff Lift aka Leas Lift aka Leas Cliff Railway is a water balanced funicular that first opened in 1885. The water recycling started in 1890.
		+	\|}

	Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway		Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway

Editor at 18:33, 26 October 2021

2021-10-26T18:33:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:33, 26 October 2021
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−	[[File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg]]	+	[[File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg\|link=File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg]]

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =
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	Some noteworthy funiculars in the UK include:		Some noteworthy funiculars in the UK include:

−	~~The~~ Cairngorm ~~Funicular~~ Railway	+	Aviemore, Cairngorm Mountain Railway. The Cairngorm funicular was once the highest railway in the United Kingdom. It opened in 2001 but closed in 2018 due to structural issues.

−	~~This view of an ascending railway car was taken from a track by the middle station in Coire Cas. The~~ Cairngorm Mountain Railway ~~was opened in December 2001~~.	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	Cairngorm Mountain Railway.

−	~~The Cairngorm~~ Funicular ~~Railway~~	+	[[File:Funicular.Cairngorm.jpg]]

−	~~cc-~~by~~-sa/2~~.~~0 - © Walter Baxter - geograph.org.uk/p/3151633~~	+	This view of an ascending railway car was taken from a track by the middle station in Coire Cas.
		+	\|}

−	~~Aviemore~~, ~~Cairngorm Mountain~~ Railway. ~~The Cairngorm~~ funicular was ~~once the highest railway in the United Kingdom~~. It closed in ~~2018~~ due to ~~structural issues~~.	+	Bristol, Clifton Rocks Railway. Built within a tunnel, this underground funicular was also water powered. It is situated near the Clifton Suspension Bridge but closed in 1934 due to lack of use.

−	Clifton Rocks Railway~~, lower station~~	+	{\|
		+	\|width="100%"\|
		+	Clifton Rocks Railway

−	~~Viewed from across the River Avon~~. The concrete buttressing was added in the late 1950s when the tunnel was being used by the BBC as a transmitting station, and it was found that geological faulting was causing the façade to separate from the rock face.	+	[[File:Funicular.CliftonRocks.jpg]]

−	Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station	+	This is the Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station, as seen from across the River Avon. The concrete buttressing was added in the late 1950s when the tunnel was being used by the BBC as a transmitting station. At that time it was found that geological faulting was causing the façade to separate from the rock face.
−		+	\|}
−	~~cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Alan Murray-Rust - geograph.org.uk/p/5446383~~	+
−		+
−	~~Bristol~~, ~~Clifton Rocks Railway~~. ~~Built within a~~ tunnel~~, this underground funicular~~ was ~~also water powered~~. ~~It is situated near~~ the ~~Clifton Suspension Bridge but closed in 1934 due~~ to ~~lack of use~~.	+

	Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe		Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe

Editor: Created page with "File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg = Introduction = In the general sense, the term funicular relates to the use of a rope and its tension for different purposes. Funicular comes fro..."

2021-10-26T18:22:46Z

Created page with "File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg = Introduction = In the general sense, the term funicular relates to the use of a rope and its tension for different purposes. Funicular comes fro..."

New page

[[File:Funicular.Lisbon.jpg]]

= Introduction =

In the general sense, the term funicular relates to the use of a rope and its tension for different purposes. Funicular comes from the Latin word for rope or string, which is funiculus. The term is associated with several related concepts, including funicular railways and funicular forms.

= Funicular railways =

This type of cable railway system (sometimes simply referred to as a funicular) is a form of transport that is often used at ski slopes or mountainous regions. They combine the concepts of an elevator (where technology uses a cable to move a carriage) with a railroad (where a carriage is moved along a track) for a specific purpose - to transport people (or objects) up steep inclines along a track.

A funicular is sometimes referred to as an inclined plane railway or a cliff railway. On the incline, there is typically a single track to support the movement of two carriages. As the carriages approach each other, the track diverges into two separate tracks (or passing loops) to allow the carriages to pass.

The movement of funiculars is controlled by a system of counter balanced carriages attached to each other with a cable. The haulage cable (or haul rope) is looped through a system of pulleys that reaches to the apex of the incline.

While the initial energy comes from a motor, neither carriage is equipped with an engine or motor (since the carriages counterbalance each other). This means one carriage moves downward safely as the speed of its descent is controlled by the weight of the other carriage moving upward. There is no great demand for new energy and lifting force to perpetuate the motion of the carriages.

Wheels under the carriages served to guide them on the tracks - they do not provide pulling power as they would with other types of railways. If the tracks are not entirely straight, the cable uses unpowered pulleys known as sheaves to guide it into the proper direction (or change direction completely) and the wheels follow the same path.

Funiculars differ from inclined elevators - despite their similar appearance and purpose - because the carriages of inclined elevators operate independently while the movement of one funicular carriage depends on the movement of the other.

= Different uses of funiculars =

This form of transportation has been used for centuries, with evidence of early funiculars dating to the 15th century. Some of these early devices used power generated by humans or animals to move the carriages.

Water was another method of operation. These devices moved as the level of water in reserve tanks filled and emptied. There are a few water powered funiculars that are still in operation.

While many funiculars are open, some may have been built into overground tunnels. Others have been built for the purpose of providing descent into caves or mines below ground or to transport passengers for underground travel

= Funiculars in the UK =

Funiculars have been used throughout the UK, with a good number deployed in coastal areas. On the Isle of Man, funicular railways were used to support tourism in the mid-19th century, but none of these funiculars are still in operation.

Some noteworthy funiculars in the UK include:

The Cairngorm Funicular Railway

This view of an ascending railway car was taken from a track by the middle station in Coire Cas. The Cairngorm Mountain Railway was opened in December 2001.

The Cairngorm Funicular Railway

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Walter Baxter - geograph.org.uk/p/3151633

Aviemore, Cairngorm Mountain Railway. The Cairngorm funicular was once the highest railway in the United Kingdom. It closed in 2018 due to structural issues.

Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station

Viewed from across the River Avon. The concrete buttressing was added in the late 1950s when the tunnel was being used by the BBC as a transmitting station, and it was found that geological faulting was causing the façade to separate from the rock face.

Clifton Rocks Railway, lower station

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Alan Murray-Rust - geograph.org.uk/p/5446383

Bristol, Clifton Rocks Railway. Built within a tunnel, this underground funicular was also water powered. It is situated near the Clifton Suspension Bridge but closed in 1934 due to lack of use.

Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe

Fisherman's Walk cliff lift near Boscombe.

Fisherman's Walk cliff lift, near Boscombe

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Malc McDonald - geograph.org.uk/p/6970365

Bournemouth, Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway. At 39 metres (128 feet), this is believed to be the smallest public funicular in the world.

Folkestone - Leas Lift Reopening

Folkestone - Leas Lift Lower Station. Re-Opening of the Leas Lift.

The Folkestone cliff lift aka Leas Lift aka Leas Cliff Railway is a water balanced funicular opened in 1885. It was more successful than any other, so much so that with the opening of the Victoria Pier in 1888 a second lift was built alongside – and then a third and fourth further along the Leas Cliff. Leas Lift was opened as twin lines, a second set was added in 1890, the second set closed in Oct 1966. The first set runs again today and was reopened on July 25th, 2010. The second set of lines are still in place. The water recycling was started in 1890 before this it was drained away.

Folkestone - Leas Lift Reopening

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Helmut Zozmann - geograph.org.uk/p/2285846

Kent, Leas Lift. This grade II listed, water-operated funicular was installed in 1885 and is still in operation (as of 2021).

Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway

Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © nick macneill - geograph.org.uk/p/3418755

Lynton and Lynmouth, Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway. Climbing 152 metres (499 feet), this is the steepest and longest water-powered funicular in the world.

Funicular railway, CAT

Working to repair it

Funicular railway, CAT

cc-by-sa/2.0 - © hayley green - geograph.org.uk/p/1521539

Machynlleth, CAT funicular. This water-balanced funicular opened in 1992 at the Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), which is an organisation associated with sustainable living and development.

Funicular forms

Funicular forms are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load.

Although funicular forms and catenary forms look very similar, they are mathematically different. In mathematical representation, the catenary uses a hyperbolic cosine while the parabola is far easier to represent with just a polynomial. Engineers may sometimes use the mathematics for a parabola when considering a catenary.

A chain hanging freely, with no applied load and supported freely at both ends (which are not in a vertical line) takes the form of a catenary.

Both forms are always in tension and may be described as funicular forms, which are the forms assumed by cables (or chains) under any given load. The catenary is funicular because it bears only its own load, while the parabola is funicular because it carries load, as in a suspension bridge.

= Related articles on Desiging Buildings =

* 10,000 years of settlement on the Isle of Man.
* Beyond bending - The Armadillo Vault.
* Catenary.
* Clifton Suspension Bridge.
* Counterweights.
* Ljubljana Castle.
* Navigable aqueduct.
* Railway engineering.
* Social value of infrastructure.