Emergency healthcare architecture in Brazil - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 07:54, 4 June 2021

2021-06-04T07:54:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:54, 4 June 2021
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	* Hospitals for general disease care including COVID-19.		* Hospitals for general disease care including COVID-19.

−	In most hospitals, a crisis committee was set up with professionals from management, assistance and technical areas such as architecture and engineering. The main concerns were related to changes in external and internal flows, the creation of beds dedicated to COVID, the mapping and or the acquisition of new equipment and the identification of the need to provide changes in the air conditioning ~~system~~.	+	In most hospitals, a crisis committee was set up with professionals from management, assistance and technical areas such as architecture and engineering. The main concerns were related to changes in external and internal flows, the creation of beds dedicated to COVID, the mapping and or the acquisition of new equipment and the identification of the need to provide changes the air conditioning systems.

−	The first adaptations were: the creation of external environments for screening potentially infected patients, the separation of flows between different patients and the separation of access by the assistance team. Then came the zoning of inpatient areas, which defined exclusive areas for infected patients. Another fundamental item was the ~~organization~~ of the areas of laboratory and imaging exams.	+	The first adaptations were; the creation of external environments for screening potentially infected patients, the separation of flows between different patients and the separation of access by the assistance team. Then came the zoning of inpatient areas, which defined exclusive areas for infected patients. Another fundamental item was the organisation of the areas of laboratory and imaging exams.

	= The floating hospital =		= The floating hospital =

−	The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in the North Region. The equipment was installed on a floating raft and transported by ~~way of the~~ river to its destination.	+	The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in the North Region. The equipment was installed on a floating raft and transported by river to its destination.

−	The arrangements in the space can vary from a large inpatient unit with 60 intensive care beds (with adaptable criticality allowing the patient's stage of recovery in the bed itself), to a 30-bed hospital of medium complexity with an operating/obstetric centre, basic imaging, and laboratory. This includes technical and logistical support sectors necessary for its operation.	+	The arrangements in the space can vary from a large inpatient unit with 60 intensive care beds (with adaptable criticality allowing for the patient's stage of recovery in the bed itself), to a 30-bed hospital of medium complexity with an operating/obstetric centre, basic imaging, and laboratory. This includes technical and logistical support sectors necessary for its operation.

	The air conditioning system was designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international safety.		The air conditioning system was designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international safety.

Editor at 19:45, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T19:45:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:45, 10 May 2021
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	* When hospital buildings are not healthy.		* When hospital buildings are not healthy.

−	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies~~]] [[Category:Conservation~~]]	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]]

Editor at 19:43, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T19:43:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:43, 10 May 2021
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	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =
		+
		+	* Building better homes in Brazil.
		+	* Hospital.
		+	* Hospital isolation rooms.
		+	* Shelter.
		+	* When hospital buildings are not healthy.

	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Conservation]]		[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Conservation]]

Editor at 19:40, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T19:40:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:40, 10 May 2021
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−	Introduction	+	= Introduction =

−	~~<br />~~	+	Expectations about which direction will be the best path to be adopted in the different architectural scenarios for health have created a special challenge in Brazil during the pandemic of 2020/2021.
−	Expectations about which direction will be the best path to be adopted in the different architectural scenarios for health ~~promote~~ a special ~~reflection especially for~~ Brazil ~~in these new times resulting from~~ the ~~presence~~ of ~~the new coronavirus. When the country has a population projection of 211,804,271 inhabitants at 4:04:26 PM on July 20,~~ 2020 (IBGE, 2020), at the same time the Secretariat for Health Surveillance of the Ministry of Health of Brazil (MS, 2020) presents the result of 80,122 deaths and 2.118,646 confirmed cases specifically as a result of the effects of the coronavirus disease COVID19.	+

−	And it all started in Brazil on the 26th of February this year, since the first confirmed case happened (MS, 2020). It was only spent 144 days during this period. Just before, March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that a pandemic, COVID-19, was on the march "a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which presents a clinical picture that range of infections from asymptomatic to severe respiratory conditions"(WHO, 2020). Even the first human coronaviruses were initially spread in 1937 according WHO, it happened in 1965 that the virus was described as a coronavirus, due to the visible profile under microscopy, which if it takes the form of a corona. The same document highlights important aspects that should be considered in hospitals and other environments where patients will be treated.	+	= Brazilian experiences =

−	~~As a result~~, ~~concern about~~ the ~~object of architecture and engineering studies~~ for ~~healthcare buildings, therefore, according WHO, "~~the ~~majority~~ of ~~patients with~~ COVID-19 (around 80%) may be asymptomatic and around 20% of cases may require hospital attention because they have difficulty breathing and, in these cases, approximately 5% may need support for the treatment of respiratory failure (respiratory assistance)” (MS, 2020).	+	In the Brazilian health system, it was possible to identify the different buildings for health assistance (EAS) dedicated specifically to the treatment of people affected by COVID-19:

−	~~Over this period, important changes in~~ the ~~lives of~~ the ~~inhabitants of Brazil will lead to the discussion on their healthcare facilities in the Brazilian Health System (SUS)~~, ~~the training of health workers, evaluation and adaptation of your healthcare facilities, in addition~~ to ~~the necessary~~ and ~~available equipment~~. ~~As a result of these needs and the aspects described, it fell to the Brazilian Association~~ for Development of the Hospital Building (ABDEH), a civil society entity composed predominantly of architects, engineers and other professions that works with activities related to spaces for health in Brazil, promote debates, investigations and new solutions to this complex dilemma on emergency buildings for healthcare, a new architecture for COVID19 (BITENCOURT, 2014; 2020).	+	* Hospitals that care exclusively for the patient with the disease, including existing units converted to service and units built temporarily for assistance.
		+	* Hospitals for general disease care including COVID-19.

−	~~This research work carried out in Brazil presents~~ a ~~summary of the experiences of~~ architecture and engineering in the ~~construction~~ of ~~emergency hospitals~~, ~~as well as other adjustment, retrofit~~ and ~~adaptation solutions in existing buildings to satisfy~~ the ~~needs~~ of ~~each five regions or each of the 5570 cities in all country. For these studies, the documentation~~ and ~~technical recommendations existing at~~ the ~~Ministry~~ of ~~Health were used, as well as~~ the ~~guidelines sent by the International Federation of Healthcare Engineering (IFHE) and~~ the ~~World Health Organization (WHO)~~.	+	In most hospitals, a crisis committee was set up with professionals from management, assistance and technical areas such as architecture and engineering. The main concerns were related to changes in external and internal flows, the creation of beds dedicated to COVID, the mapping and or the acquisition of new equipment and the identification of the need to provide changes in the air conditioning system.

−	~~And one of the main aspects regarding~~ the ~~care related to pathology and ventilation conditions for new buildings was related to decisions regarding the use~~ of ~~natural~~, ~~artificial or hybrid ventilation “the availability of~~ the ~~resources~~ and the ~~cost~~ of the ~~system to provide~~ the ~~best control to counteract the risks” (WHO~~, ~~2020)~~.	+	The first adaptations were: the creation of external environments for screening potentially infected patients, the separation of flows between different patients and the separation of access by the assistance team. Then came the zoning of inpatient areas, which defined exclusive areas for infected patients. Another fundamental item was the organization of the areas of laboratory and imaging exams.

−	~~Brazilian Experiences~~	+	= The floating hospital =

−	~~In the Brazilian health system, it~~ was ~~possible~~ to ~~identify~~ the ~~different buildings for Health Assistance (EAS) dedicated specifically to the treatment~~ of ~~people affected by COVID-19: 1) Hospitals that care exclusively for~~ the ~~patient with the disease: a. Existing units converted~~ to ~~service b. Units built temporarily for assistance<br />~~	+	The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in the North Region. The equipment was installed on a floating raft and transported by way of the river to its destination.
−	~~2) Hospital for general disease care including COVID-19~~.	+

−	~~In most hospitals, a crisis committee was set up with professionals from management, assistance and technical areas such as architecture and engineering.~~ The ~~main concerns were related to changes~~ in ~~external and internal flows,~~ the ~~creation of~~ beds ~~dedicated to COVID,~~ the ~~mapping and or~~ the ~~acquisition~~ of ~~new equipment~~ and ~~identification of the need to provide changes in the air conditioning system~~.	+	The arrangements in the space can vary from a large inpatient unit with 60 intensive care beds (with adaptable criticality allowing the patient's stage of recovery in the bed itself), to a 30-bed hospital of medium complexity with an operating/obstetric centre, basic imaging, and laboratory. This includes technical and logistical support sectors necessary for its operation.

−	The ~~first adaptations of Brazilian hospitals that were organized to care for patients~~ with COVID-19 were: the creation of external environments for screening potentially infected patients, separation of flows between different patients and also the separation of access by the assistance team; and zoning of inpatient areas, defining exclusive areas for infected patients. Another fundamental item was the organization of the areas of ~~laboratory~~ and ~~imaging exams~~.	+	The air conditioning system was designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international safety.

−	Brazil is geographically divided into five regions: North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South. Due to its territorial extension and because it is a country with great climatic diversity, according to the Technical Standard for Thermal Performance of Buildings ~~of ABNT (Brazilian Association Technical Standards) (ABNT 2003) the country has eight distinct regions. In some of these regions it is cold and, at the same time, in others it is very hot.~~	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

−	~~I. NORTH REGION:~~	+	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:DCN_Project_Knowledge]] [[Category:International]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Conservation]]
−		+
−	~~The North region has an area of approximately 3,853,676.948 km², consisting of seven states, with a population that exceeds 18 million of persons, according to IBGE in 2019.~~	+
−		+
−	~~I.1 Floating Hospital - Authors Design of the Floating Hospital – m2p Arquitetura e Engenharia, Brazil.~~	+
−		+
−	~~The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in regions in<br />~~	+
−	~~need of health care services, associated with difficult accessibility by land. The<br />~~	+
−	~~equipment is installed on a floating raft, transported by river with the help of pushers,<br />~~	+
−	~~to the destination where it will permanently, or temporarily, provide assistance.<br />~~	+
−	~~The option for the shallow hull raft allows the structure to move in low draft regions,<br />~~	+
−	~~thus expanding its assistance scope. The modular solution allows the desired care<br />~~	+
−	~~profile to suit any medical specialty, depending on the circumstantial scenario.~~	+
−		+
−	~~The arrangements can vary from a large inpatient unit with 60 intensive care beds, with<br />~~	+
−	~~adaptable criticality allowing the patient's stage of recovery in the bed itself (step<br />~~	+
−	~~down recovery), to a 30-bed hospital of medium complexity with an operating /<br />~~	+
−	~~obstetric center, basic imaging, laboratory, in addition to the technical and logistical<br />~~	+
−	~~support sectors necessary for its operation. The air conditioning system was<br />~~	+
−	~~designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international<br />~~	+
−	~~safety.<br />~~	+
−		+
−		+
−	~~Fábio Bitencourt, architect~~	+
−		+
−	~~Doris Villas-Boas, architect~~	+
−		+
−	~~Emerson da Silva, architect~~	+
−		+
−	~~[[w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=Floating_Hospital_top_view\|File:Floating Hospital top view]]~~	+
−		+
−	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:~~Conservation~~]] [[Category:~~Organisations~~]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Public_procedures]]	+

Editor: moved Emergency healthcare architecture in Brazil Urgent solutions for emergency healthcare architecture in times of new coronavírus in Brazil to Emergency healthcare architecture in Brazil

2021-05-10T19:25:34Z

moved Emergency healthcare architecture in Brazil Urgent solutions for emergency healthcare architecture in times of new coronavírus in Brazil to Emergency healthcare architecture in Brazil

← Older revision

Revision as of 19:25, 10 May 2021

Fabiobiten1@gmail.com at 22:33, 21 April 2021

2021-04-21T22:33:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:33, 21 April 2021
Line 29:		Line 29:
	The North region has an area of approximately 3,853,676.948 km², consisting of seven states, with a population that exceeds 18 million of persons, according to IBGE in 2019.		The North region has an area of approximately 3,853,676.948 km², consisting of seven states, with a population that exceeds 18 million of persons, according to IBGE in 2019.

−	I.1 Floating Hospital	+	I.1 Floating Hospital - Authors Design of the Floating Hospital – m2p Arquitetura e Engenharia, Brazil.

	The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in regions in<br />		The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in regions in<br />
Line 46:		Line 46:
	designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international<br />		designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international<br />
	safety.<br />		safety.<br />
−	~~Authors Design – m2p Arquitetura e Engenharia, Brazil.~~

−	[[File:Floating Hospital top view]]	+
		+	Fábio Bitencourt, architect
		+
		+	Doris Villas-Boas, architect
		+
		+	Emerson da Silva, architect
		+
		+	[[w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=Floating_Hospital_top_view\|File:Floating Hospital top view]]

	[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Public_procedures]]		[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Public_procedures]]

Fabiobiten1@gmail.com: Created page with "Introduction
Expectations about which direction will be the best path to be adopted in the different architectural scenarios for health promote a special reflection espec..."

2021-04-21T22:09:41Z

Created page with "Introduction Expectations about which direction will be the best path to be adopted in the different architectural scenarios for health promote a special reflection espec..."

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Introduction

 
Expectations about which direction will be the best path to be adopted in the different architectural scenarios for health promote a special reflection especially for Brazil in these new times resulting from the presence of the new coronavirus. When the country has a population projection of 211,804,271 inhabitants at 4:04:26 PM on July 20, 2020 (IBGE, 2020), at the same time the Secretariat for Health Surveillance of the Ministry of Health of Brazil (MS, 2020) presents the result of 80,122 deaths and 2.118,646 confirmed cases specifically as a result of the effects of the coronavirus disease COVID19.

And it all started in Brazil on the 26th of February this year, since the first confirmed case happened (MS, 2020). It was only spent 144 days during this period. Just before, March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that a pandemic, COVID-19, was on the march "a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which presents a clinical picture that range of infections from asymptomatic to severe respiratory conditions"(WHO, 2020). Even the first human coronaviruses were initially spread in 1937 according WHO, it happened in 1965 that the virus was described as a coronavirus, due to the visible profile under microscopy, which if it takes the form of a corona. The same document highlights important aspects that should be considered in hospitals and other environments where patients will be treated.

As a result, concern about the object of architecture and engineering studies for healthcare buildings, therefore, according WHO, "the majority of patients with COVID-19 (around 80%) may be asymptomatic and around 20% of cases may require hospital attention because they have difficulty breathing and, in these cases, approximately 5% may need support for the treatment of respiratory failure (respiratory assistance)” (MS, 2020).

Over this period, important changes in the lives of the inhabitants of Brazil will lead to the discussion on their healthcare facilities in the Brazilian Health System (SUS), the training of health workers, evaluation and adaptation of your healthcare facilities, in addition to the necessary and available equipment. As a result of these needs and the aspects described, it fell to the Brazilian Association for Development of the Hospital Building (ABDEH), a civil society entity composed predominantly of architects, engineers and other professions that works with activities related to spaces for health in Brazil, promote debates, investigations and new solutions to this complex dilemma on emergency buildings for healthcare, a new architecture for COVID19 (BITENCOURT, 2014; 2020).

This research work carried out in Brazil presents a summary of the experiences of architecture and engineering in the construction of emergency hospitals, as well as other adjustment, retrofit and adaptation solutions in existing buildings to satisfy the needs of each five regions or each of the 5570 cities in all country. For these studies, the documentation and technical recommendations existing at the Ministry of Health were used, as well as the guidelines sent by the International Federation of Healthcare Engineering (IFHE) and the World Health Organization (WHO).

And one of the main aspects regarding the care related to pathology and ventilation conditions for new buildings was related to decisions regarding the use of natural, artificial or hybrid ventilation “the availability of the resources and the cost of the system to provide the best control to counteract the risks” (WHO, 2020).

Brazilian Experiences

In the Brazilian health system, it was possible to identify the different buildings for Health Assistance (EAS) dedicated specifically to the treatment of people affected by COVID-19: 1) Hospitals that care exclusively for the patient with the disease: a. Existing units converted to service b. Units built temporarily for assistance 
2) Hospital for general disease care including COVID-19.

In most hospitals, a crisis committee was set up with professionals from management, assistance and technical areas such as architecture and engineering. The main concerns were related to changes in external and internal flows, the creation of beds dedicated to COVID, the mapping and or the acquisition of new equipment and identification of the need to provide changes in the air conditioning system.

The first adaptations of Brazilian hospitals that were organized to care for patients with COVID-19 were: the creation of external environments for screening potentially infected patients, separation of flows between different patients and also the separation of access by the assistance team; and zoning of inpatient areas, defining exclusive areas for infected patients. Another fundamental item was the organization of the areas of laboratory and imaging exams.

Brazil is geographically divided into five regions: North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South. Due to its territorial extension and because it is a country with great climatic diversity, according to the Technical Standard for Thermal Performance of Buildings of ABNT (Brazilian Association Technical Standards) (ABNT 2003) the country has eight distinct regions. In some of these regions it is cold and, at the same time, in others it is very hot.

I. NORTH REGION:

The North region has an area of approximately 3,853,676.948 km², consisting of seven states, with a population that exceeds 18 million of persons, according to IBGE in 2019.

I.1 Floating Hospital

The Floating Hospital was developed to attend emergency situations in regions in 
need of health care services, associated with difficult accessibility by land. The 
equipment is installed on a floating raft, transported by river with the help of pushers, 
to the destination where it will permanently, or temporarily, provide assistance. 
The option for the shallow hull raft allows the structure to move in low draft regions, 
thus expanding its assistance scope. The modular solution allows the desired care 
profile to suit any medical specialty, depending on the circumstantial scenario.

The arrangements can vary from a large inpatient unit with 60 intensive care beds, with 
adaptable criticality allowing the patient's stage of recovery in the bed itself (step 
down recovery), to a 30-bed hospital of medium complexity with an operating / 
obstetric center, basic imaging, laboratory, in addition to the technical and logistical 
support sectors necessary for its operation. The air conditioning system was 
designed in full compliance with technical standards of air quality and international 
safety. 
Authors Design – m2p Arquitetura e Engenharia, Brazil.

[[File:Floating Hospital top view]]

[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]] [[Category:Conservation]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:Projects_and_case_studies]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Construction_techniques]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Public_procedures]]