Constraints on construction projects - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 08:07, 5 January 2023

2023-01-05T08:07:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:07, 5 January 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	[[File:Triangle-g3c0f91f6d 1280.jpg]]
		+
	= What are constraints? =		= What are constraints? =

Designing Buildings at 08:04, 5 January 2023

2023-01-05T08:04:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:04, 5 January 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= What are constraints? =		= What are constraints? =

−	A constraint is a condition, agency or force that impedes progress towards an objective or goal.	+	A constraint is a condition, agency or force that impedes progress towards an objective or goal. [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/functional-standards-common-glossary/functional-standards-common-glossary Functional Standards Common Glossary], published by the Cabinet Office, states: ‘In the context of project delivery, a constraint is a limitation or restriction on planning or undertaking work.'

	Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.		Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.
		+
		+	For more information see: Risk management.

	= What sorts of constraints affect construction projects? =		= What sorts of constraints affect construction projects? =
Line 89:		Line 91:
	== Social constraints ==		== Social constraints ==

−	Social constraints include factors that may arise as a result of wider interest in or opposition to a project. Public concern and media pressure can often impose greater scrutiny and tighter constraints on a project, and can sometimes result in major alterations to the original plans.	+	Social constraints include factors that may arise as a result of wider interest in or opposition to a project. Public concern and media pressure can often impose greater scrutiny and tighter constraints on a project, and can sometimes result in major alterations to the original plans. These kinds of constraints on the part of the public are often labelled as ‘not in my backyard’, or ‘nimbyism’.
−		+
−	These kinds of constraints on the part of the public are often labelled as ‘not in my backyard’, or ‘nimbyism’.	+

	Projects funded using public money are often subject to social constraints, as there tends to be greater interest in cost escalations, delays and so on, such as in the case of high speed 2 (HS2), or London’s Garden Bridge proposal which have caused much controversy.		Projects funded using public money are often subject to social constraints, as there tends to be greater interest in cost escalations, delays and so on, such as in the case of high speed 2 (HS2), or London’s Garden Bridge proposal which have caused much controversy.
Line 97:		Line 97:
	See stakeholders and consultation process for more information.		See stakeholders and consultation process for more information.

−	= Third ~~parties~~ =	+	== Third party constraints ==

−	Not every aspect of a project is within the direct control of the client or their project team. Every project is dependent to some extent on third parties. It is important that these third party dependencies are identified and that their potential impacts ~~are~~ understood, quantified and managed.	+	Not every aspect of a project is within the direct control of the client or their project team. Every project is dependent to some extent on third parties. It is important that these third party dependencies are identified and that their potential impacts understood, quantified and managed.

	Third party dependencies may include; central and local government, neighbours, other dependent projects, unions, statutory authorities, statutory undertakers, the supply market and so on.		Third party dependencies may include; central and local government, neighbours, other dependent projects, unions, statutory authorities, statutory undertakers, the supply market and so on.

	See: Third party dependencies for more information.		See: Third party dependencies for more information.
−
−	NB [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/functional-standards-common-glossary/functional-standards-common-glossary Functional Standards Common Glossary], published by the Cabinet Office, states: ‘In the context of project delivery, a constraint is a limitation or restriction on planning or undertaking work. [Note: planning constraints can include, but are not limited to scope, performance, time, cost, resources and risk.]’

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =
Line 112:		Line 110:
	* Design and access statement.		* Design and access statement.
	* Design process.		* Design process.
−	* Environmental impact assessment EIA.
	* Feasibility studies.		* Feasibility studies.
	* Project management.		* Project management.

Designing Buildings at 08:00, 5 January 2023

2023-01-05T08:00:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:00, 5 January 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	= ~~Introduction~~ =	+	= What are constraints? =

	A constraint is a condition, agency or force that impedes progress towards an objective or goal.		A constraint is a condition, agency or force that impedes progress towards an objective or goal.
−
−	~~There are a number of different types of constraint that can affect construction projects.~~

	Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.		Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.

−	= ~~Design~~ constraints =	+	= What sorts of constraints affect construction projects? =

−	~~Design constraints~~ are ~~factors that limit the range~~ of ~~potential design solutions~~ that can ~~be adopted. In the early stage of a project only some of these constraints may be known, while others become apparent as the design progresses.~~	+	There are a number of different types of constraint that can affect construction projects:

−	Design constraints ~~may be inherent in the type of building required, or the site, or they may be imposed by the client or a third party.~~	+	== Design constraints ==

−	Design constraints could include ~~(among many others)~~:	+	Design constraints are factors that limit the range of potential design solutions that can be adopted. In the early stage of a project only some of these constraints may be known, and others will become apparent as the design progresses. Design constraints may be inherent in the type of building required, or the site, or they may be imposed by the client or a third party.
		+
		+	Design constraints could include:

	* Available technology, skills, plant, materials, labour and so on.		* Available technology, skills, plant, materials, labour and so on.
Line 25:		Line 25:
	* Local climatic conditions.		* Local climatic conditions.

−	It is often argued that design constraints are actually helpful in the development of a design, as they limit the number of feasible options and point towards an obvious solution. In the absence of an constraints at all, it can be difficult to know where to start, or to justify developing one particular solution in preference to others.	+	It is often argued that design constraints are actually helpful in the development of a design, as they limit the number of feasible options and point towards an obvious solution. In the absence of any constraints at all, it can be difficult to know where to start, or to justify developing one particular solution in preference to others.

−	= Technical constraints =	+	== Technical constraints ==

−	Technical constraints ~~generally refer~~ to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then formwork and reinforcement ~~can be~~ placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; ~~therefore~~ each task acts as a constraint on the next task.	+	Technical constraints relate to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then formwork and reinforcement placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; and so each task acts as a constraint on the next task.

−	Other technical constrains may ~~relate to construction tolerances, space required for builders work, available storage or handling areas, site access routes, co-ordination of services and so on.~~	+	Other technical constrains may include:

−	~~All these constraints will be linked to safety, health, and meeting building regulations and control needs, alongside the clients needs and any architectural aspects~~. ~~Some will be very small and meaningless to some but can have a huge impact such as a floor covering, with a height of 25mm, which could mean the stairs will not~~ work ~~and you will need a new set of stairs to account for the extra 25mm~~ of ~~floor covering~~. ~~Or the balustrades, which should have no opening larger than 100mm so a babies head cannot fit through~~ and ~~the client wants to use steel wire with 200mm gap, requiring complete redesign~~.	+	* Construction tolerances.
		+	* Space required for builders work.
		+	* Available storage or handling areas.
		+	* Site access routes.
		+	* Co-ordination of services.
		+	* Health and safety.
		+	* Building regulations.
		+	* Clients needs.
		+	* Architectural requirements.

−	= Economic constraints =	+	== Economic constraints ==

−	Economic constraints relate to the project budget and the allocation of resources. If the budget is inadequate, or is allocated inappropriately, then it can have a negative impact on the success of the project in terms of quality, safety, functionality and performance.	+	Economic constraints relate to the project budget and the allocation of resources. If the budget is inadequate, or is allocated inappropriately, then it can have a negative impact on the success of the project in terms of quality, safety, functionality and performance. Construction projects are generally a balance between time, cost and quality. A change in one will impact on the other two.
−		+
−	Construction projects are generally a balance between time, cost and quality. A change in one will impact on the other two.	+

	Economic constraints relate not just to the overall budget, but also to the cash flow through the supply chain. Clients must have available funds to pay for works as they proceed, and prompt payments must be made through the contractual chain. Cash flow is one of the main causes of bankruptcy in the construction industry, and having to find new contractors, subcontractors or suppliers part way through a project can cause very significant delays and additional costs.		Economic constraints relate not just to the overall budget, but also to the cash flow through the supply chain. Clients must have available funds to pay for works as they proceed, and prompt payments must be made through the contractual chain. Cash flow is one of the main causes of bankruptcy in the construction industry, and having to find new contractors, subcontractors or suppliers part way through a project can cause very significant delays and additional costs.
Line 45:		Line 51:
	Wider economic constraints may also apply, such as the availability of a local workforce, the level of competition between consultants, contractors and other suppliers, rules on taxation and so on.		Wider economic constraints may also apply, such as the availability of a local workforce, the level of competition between consultants, contractors and other suppliers, rules on taxation and so on.

−	= Management constraints =	+	== Management constraints ==

−	~~These~~ can include particular shift patterns, overtime requirements, resource allocation between projects, safety procedures, working practices, environmental and social policies, agreements with unions and so on.	+	Management constraints can include particular shift patterns, overtime requirements, resource allocation between projects, safety procedures, working practices, environmental and social policies, agreements with unions and so on.

−	= Legal constraints =	+	== Legal constraints ==

−	Legal constraints refer to the many regulations that the activities and practices on a construction project must comply with. These most commonly relate to employment law, safety requirements, planning and building regulations requirements, environmental requirements, and so on.	+	Legal constraints refer to the many regulations that the activities and practices that a construction project must comply with. These most commonly relate to employment law, safety requirements, planning and building regulations requirements, environmental requirements, and so on.

	Complying with legal requirements can be very time consuming and requires a thorough understanding of complex, often bureaucratic procedures. However, failure to comply can have a considerable negative impact on a project, both in terms of delay, financial penalties, remedial works and even possible criminal proceedings.		Complying with legal requirements can be very time consuming and requires a thorough understanding of complex, often bureaucratic procedures. However, failure to comply can have a considerable negative impact on a project, both in terms of delay, financial penalties, remedial works and even possible criminal proceedings.
−
−	The 2 big laws are Town and country planning and Building Regulations. Any building must first gain planning permission and meet certain criteria for approval and planners can apply restrictions and ask for improvements to gain permission. With building regulations, we have a set of "Approved Documents" which set out in detail a mix of prescribed and performance standards that the finished building must comply with. When compliance is reached a certificate is issued and the building owner can then get insurance on the building.

	See Construction industry legislation and standards for more information.		See Construction industry legislation and standards for more information.

−	= Time constraints =	+	== Time constraints ==
−		+
−	These include key dates on the project schedule or project milestones. Conforming with these dates is generally very important in terms of the overall project completion date, and penalties may be applied for failure to meet agreed dates.	+

−	However, where there are delays that are not the contractor's fault, they may be granted an extension of time, pushing agreed dates back. See extension of time for more information.	+	Time constraints include key dates on the project schedule or project milestones. Conforming with these dates is generally very important in terms of the overall project completion date, and penalties may be applied for failure to meet agreed dates. However, where there are delays that are not the contractor's fault, they may be granted an extension of time, pushing agreed dates back. See extension of time for more information.

	Contracts can specify the earliest date on which a task should be completed (‘no earlier than’); the date by which a task should be completed (‘no later than’); and the exact date on which a task must be completed (‘on this date’). Phased projects may include multiple start and completion dates.		Contracts can specify the earliest date on which a task should be completed (‘no earlier than’); the date by which a task should be completed (‘no later than’); and the exact date on which a task must be completed (‘on this date’). Phased projects may include multiple start and completion dates.
Line 69:		Line 71:
	Other time constraints may be imposed by third parties, such as; planning permission expiry dates, or the need to start or complete work before changes in legislation come into force (such as changes to the building regulations).		Other time constraints may be imposed by third parties, such as; planning permission expiry dates, or the need to start or complete work before changes in legislation come into force (such as changes to the building regulations).

−	= Environmental constraints =	+	== Environmental constraints ==

−	Environmental constraints include ~~limiting factors concerning~~:	+	Environmental constraints include:

	* The use of sustainable or hazardous materials.		* The use of sustainable or hazardous materials.
Line 85:		Line 87:
	These can often overlap with legal constraints, but additional requirements may be set out in client environmental policies.		These can often overlap with legal constraints, but additional requirements may be set out in client environmental policies.

−	= Social constraints =	+	== Social constraints ==

	Social constraints include factors that may arise as a result of wider interest in or opposition to a project. Public concern and media pressure can often impose greater scrutiny and tighter constraints on a project, and can sometimes result in major alterations to the original plans.		Social constraints include factors that may arise as a result of wider interest in or opposition to a project. Public concern and media pressure can often impose greater scrutiny and tighter constraints on a project, and can sometimes result in major alterations to the original plans.

Designing Buildings at 11:47, 28 January 2022

2022-01-28T11:47:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:47, 28 January 2022
Line 103:		Line 103:
	See: Third party dependencies for more information.		See: Third party dependencies for more information.

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	NB [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/functional-standards-common-glossary/functional-standards-common-glossary Functional Standards Common Glossary], published by the Cabinet Office, states: ‘In the context of project delivery, a constraint is a limitation or restriction on planning or undertaking work. [Note: planning constraints can include, but are not limited to scope, performance, time, cost, resources and risk.]’
		+
		+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Consultation process.		* Consultation process.

Designing Buildings at 10:32, 20 September 2021

2021-09-20T10:32:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:32, 20 September 2021
Line 102:		Line 102:

	See: Third party dependencies for more information.		See: Third party dependencies for more information.
−
−	~~{{:Deltek_CTA_setup}}~~

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Designing Buildings at 10:10, 20 July 2021

2021-07-20T10:10:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:10, 20 July 2021
Line 102:		Line 102:

	See: Third party dependencies for more information.		See: Third party dependencies for more information.
		+
		+	{{:Deltek_CTA_setup}}

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Designing Buildings at 13:45, 28 August 2020

2020-08-28T13:45:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:45, 28 August 2020
Line 119:		Line 119:
	* Value management.		* Value management.

−	[[Category:~~Health_and_safety_/_CDM~~]] [[Category:~~Regulations~~]] [[Category:DCN_Regulation]] [[Category:~~Standards_~~/~~_measurements~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Standard~~]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Cost_/_business_planning]] [[Category:Design]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Regulation]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Regulations]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Cost_/_business_planning]] [[Category:Design]]

Designing Buildings at 07:04, 19 February 2020

2020-02-19T07:04:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:04, 19 February 2020
Line 29:		Line 29:
	= Technical constraints =		= Technical constraints =

−	Technical constraints generally refer to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then ~~framework~~ and reinforcement can be placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; therefore each task acts as a constraint on the next task.	+	Technical constraints generally refer to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then formwork and reinforcement can be placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; therefore each task acts as a constraint on the next task.

	Other technical constrains may relate to construction tolerances, space required for builders work, available storage or handling areas, site access routes, co-ordination of services and so on.		Other technical constrains may relate to construction tolerances, space required for builders work, available storage or handling areas, site access routes, co-ordination of services and so on.
Line 119:		Line 119:
	* Value management.		* Value management.

−	[[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Regulations]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Cost_/_business_planning]] [[Category:Design]]	+	[[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]] [[Category:Regulations]] [[Category:DCN_Regulation]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:DCN_Standard]] [[Category:Construction_management]] [[Category:Cost_/_business_planning]] [[Category:Design]]

73.21.8.174 at 23:52, 18 February 2020

2020-02-18T23:52:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:52, 18 February 2020
Line 29:		Line 29:
	= Technical constraints =		= Technical constraints =

−	Technical constraints generally refer to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then ~~formwork~~ and reinforcement can be placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; therefore each task acts as a constraint on the next task.	+	Technical constraints generally refer to the processes involved in completing construction activities, and are often based on the practicality of building methods and standards. For example, in constructing a foundation, the site must be levelled before excavation can take place; then framework and reinforcement can be placed before concrete is poured. Each task must be completed before the next can begin; therefore each task acts as a constraint on the next task.

	Other technical constrains may relate to construction tolerances, space required for builders work, available storage or handling areas, site access routes, co-ordination of services and so on.		Other technical constrains may relate to construction tolerances, space required for builders work, available storage or handling areas, site access routes, co-ordination of services and so on.
Line 55:		Line 55:
	Complying with legal requirements can be very time consuming and requires a thorough understanding of complex, often bureaucratic procedures. However, failure to comply can have a considerable negative impact on a project, both in terms of delay, financial penalties, remedial works and even possible criminal proceedings.		Complying with legal requirements can be very time consuming and requires a thorough understanding of complex, often bureaucratic procedures. However, failure to comply can have a considerable negative impact on a project, both in terms of delay, financial penalties, remedial works and even possible criminal proceedings.

−	The 2 big laws are Town and country planning and Building Regulations. Any building must first gain ~~plannning~~ permission and meet certain criteria for approval and planners can apply restrictions and ask for ~~improvments~~ to gain permission. With building regulations, we have a set of "Approved Documents" which set out in detail a mix of prescribed and performance standards that the finished building must comply with. When compliance is reached a certificate is ~~issed~~ and the building owner can then get insurance on the building.	+	The 2 big laws are Town and country planning and Building Regulations. Any building must first gain planning permission and meet certain criteria for approval and planners can apply restrictions and ask for improvements to gain permission. With building regulations, we have a set of "Approved Documents" which set out in detail a mix of prescribed and performance standards that the finished building must comply with. When compliance is reached a certificate is issued and the building owner can then get insurance on the building.

	See Construction industry legislation and standards for more information.		See Construction industry legislation and standards for more information.

Designing Buildings: Reverted edits by 202.45.119.73 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

2019-06-25T05:29:55Z

Reverted edits by 202.45.119.73 (talk) to last revision by Designing Buildings

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:29, 25 June 2019
Line 5:		Line 5:
	There are a number of different types of constraint that can affect construction projects.		There are a number of different types of constraint that can affect construction projects.

−	Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.~~[[File:f4f]]~~	+	Constraints should be identified, and described in as much detail as possible during the early stages of a project, so that awareness of them and their potential impact can be managed. This includes understanding the dynamics of the project and how different constraints interrelate, as well as being clear about any potential risks and who is responsible for them.

	= Design constraints =		= Design constraints =