Causes of sinkholes - Revision history

Editor at 10:42, 9 August 2021

2021-08-09T10:42:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:42, 9 August 2021
Line 66:		Line 66:
	* Risk register.		* Risk register.
	* Safety management.		* Safety management.
		+	* Surfside condo collapse: climate change demands adaptation in design and approach.
	* Value management.		* Value management.
	* What is a hazard?		* What is a hazard?

Designing Buildings at 07:28, 21 January 2021

2021-01-21T07:28:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:28, 21 January 2021
Line 71:		Line 71:
	--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]		--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]

−	[[Category:~~International~~]] [[Category:~~Organisations~~]] [[Category:~~DCN_Organisation~~]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation~~]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation~~]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]]	+	[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Guidance]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]]

81.150.4.164 at 16:27, 17 January 2020

2020-01-17T16:27:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:27, 17 January 2020
Line 71:		Line 71:
	--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]		--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]

−	[[Category:International]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]]	+	[[Category:International]] [[Category:Organisations]] [[Category:DCN_Organisation]] [[Category:Publications_/_reports]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:Theory]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]]

Editor at 11:28, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:28:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:28, 16 January 2020
Line 39:		Line 39:
	"The most common response in high-risk locations is to design works that are insensitive to potential sinkholes," says Tony, "to control surface water and to take additional precautions to limit water loss from drains and services."		"The most common response in high-risk locations is to design works that are insensitive to potential sinkholes," says Tony, "to control surface water and to take additional precautions to limit water loss from drains and services."

		+	-----
	[https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/november-2015/what-are-sinkholes What can civil engineers do to prevent sinkholes?]		[https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/the-civil-engineer/november-2015/what-are-sinkholes What can civil engineers do to prevent sinkholes?]

		+	-----
	= About this article =		= About this article =

Editor at 11:26, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:26:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:26, 16 January 2020
Line 43:		Line 43:
	= About this article =		= About this article =

−	This article ~~was~~ written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) ~~and~~ previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].	+	This article - written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) - previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].

	Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki\|HERE.]]		Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki\|HERE.]]

Editor at 11:24, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:24:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:24, 16 January 2020
Line 45:		Line 45:
	This article was written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].		This article was written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].

−	Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[~~Articles_by_ICE_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki~~\|HERE]~~][https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes .~~]	+	Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki\|HERE.]]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Editor at 11:22, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:22:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:22, 16 January 2020
Line 45:		Line 45:
	This article was written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].		This article was written by [mailto:andrew.panos@ice.org.uk Andrew Panos] of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and previously appeared on the ICE website in January 2020 under the title 'What are the causes of sinkholes'. It can be accessed [https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes HERE].

−	Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[~~ICE_articles_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki~~\|HERE]][https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes .]	+	Other articles by the ICE on Designing Buildings Wiki can be accessed [[Articles_by_ICE_on_Designing_Buildings_Wiki\|HERE]][https://www.ice.org.uk/news-and-insight/latest-ice-news/what-are-the-causes-of-sinkholes .]

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =

Editor at 11:20, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:20:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 16 January 2020
Line 13:		Line 13:

	-----		-----
−	Dr. Clive Edmonds ~~BSc MSc PhD DIC FGS CGeol EurGeol CSci~~ is a geotechnical specialist and has studied sinkholes for the past 30 years.	+	Dr. Clive Edmonds is a geotechnical specialist and has studied sinkholes for the past 30 years.

	"The main trigger for sinkholes is water," says Dr. Edmonds. "In 90% of sinkhole cases, water saturating the mineral deposits is the main trigger, known as Karst processes.		"The main trigger for sinkholes is water," says Dr. Edmonds. "In 90% of sinkhole cases, water saturating the mineral deposits is the main trigger, known as Karst processes.

−	"Sinkholes happen when a layer of rock underneath the ground is dissolved by water. In regards to China and their sites, I know there there are some Karst problems with limestone deposits. "Sinkholes depend on geometry, some rocks are more soluble than others - salt deposits for instance dissolve more quickly. Gypsum for instance is a very soluble rock. Chalk ~~&~~ limestone deposits may take thousands of years to dissolve but when new cavities occur they can cause spectacular sinkholes."	+	"Sinkholes happen when a layer of rock underneath the ground is dissolved by water. In regards to China and their sites, I know there there are some Karst problems with limestone deposits.
		+
		+	"Sinkholes depend on geometry, some rocks are more soluble than others - salt deposits for instance dissolve more quickly. Gypsum for instance is a very soluble rock. Chalk and limestone deposits may take thousands of years to dissolve but when new cavities occur they can cause spectacular sinkholes."

	"Human development can contribute greatly, especially construction work in urban areas where you may have dense development with roadworks, etc, as in the case of China. The surface becomes impermeable with water collecting over time in drains and sewers - water starts leaking into the ground."		"Human development can contribute greatly, especially construction work in urban areas where you may have dense development with roadworks, etc, as in the case of China. The surface becomes impermeable with water collecting over time in drains and sewers - water starts leaking into the ground."
Line 29:		Line 31:
	In the UK there has been a long history of mining and water abstraction, which in some areas has left a legacy of man-made cavities. The term sinkhole is, in the UK, often extended to cover the collapse of ground into such man-made features.		In the UK there has been a long history of mining and water abstraction, which in some areas has left a legacy of man-made cavities. The term sinkhole is, in the UK, often extended to cover the collapse of ground into such man-made features.

−	But predicting a sinkhole collapse ~~isn't~~ easy as there can be very little surface evidence of the features.	+	But predicting a sinkhole collapse is not easy as there can be very little surface evidence of the features.

	Tony Bracegirdle is a senior partner of the Geotechnical Consulting Group.		Tony Bracegirdle is a senior partner of the Geotechnical Consulting Group.

−	"There are seldom warnings in urban areas," says Tony. "~~Although~~ sometimes sinkholes develop slowly to the extent that there is sufficient time to restrict access. Sinkholes tend to focus in specific geological and topographic conditions and so the hazard can be reasonably quantified in areas where there is a history of recurring sinkhole activity"	+	"There are seldom warnings in urban areas," says Tony, "although sometimes sinkholes develop slowly to the extent that there is sufficient time to restrict access. Sinkholes tend to focus in specific geological and topographic conditions and so the hazard can be reasonably quantified in areas where there is a history of recurring sinkhole activity"

	"The most common response in high-risk locations is to design works that are insensitive to potential sinkholes," says Tony, "to control surface water and to take additional precautions to limit water loss from drains and services."		"The most common response in high-risk locations is to design works that are insensitive to potential sinkholes," says Tony, "to control surface water and to take additional precautions to limit water loss from drains and services."

Editor at 11:15, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:15:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 16 January 2020
Line 9:		Line 9:
	Sinkholes are not uncommon in China and experts cite the country's rapid pace of huge construction work as one of the triggers.		Sinkholes are not uncommon in China and experts cite the country's rapid pace of huge construction work as one of the triggers.

		+	-----
	[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-51103286/china-sinkhole-aftermath-of-fatal-sinkhole Watch the BBC footage of the latest incident.]		[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-51103286/china-sinkhole-aftermath-of-fatal-sinkhole Watch the BBC footage of the latest incident.]

		+	-----
	Dr. Clive Edmonds BSc MSc PhD DIC FGS CGeol EurGeol CSci is a geotechnical specialist and has studied sinkholes for the past 30 years.		Dr. Clive Edmonds BSc MSc PhD DIC FGS CGeol EurGeol CSci is a geotechnical specialist and has studied sinkholes for the past 30 years.

Line 64:		Line 66:

	--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]		--[[User:The_Institution_of_Civil_Engineers\|The Institution of Civil Engineers]]
		+
		+	[[Category:International]] [[Category:Health_and_safety_/_CDM]]

Editor at 11:12, 16 January 2020

2020-01-16T11:12:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:12, 16 January 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{\|		{\|
−	\| [[File:Sinkholes.jpg]]	+	\| [[File:Sinkholes.jpg\|link=File:Sinkholes.jpg]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| Sinkholes opening up in the middle of cities.		\| Sinkholes opening up in the middle of cities.
	\|}		\|}

−	huge sinkhole swallowed a bus, killing six people in Northwest China ~~this week~~, sparking an electrical explosion and leaving several missing. Several people disappeared as the sinkhole spread and 16 people were taken to hospital.	+	A huge sinkhole swallowed a bus, killing six people in Northwest China in January 2020, sparking an electrical explosion and leaving several missing. Several people disappeared as the sinkhole spread and 16 people were taken to hospital.

	Sinkholes are not uncommon in China and experts cite the country's rapid pace of huge construction work as one of the triggers.		Sinkholes are not uncommon in China and experts cite the country's rapid pace of huge construction work as one of the triggers.