Brick - Revision history

Designing Buildings at 08:33, 16 October 2026

2026-10-16T08:33:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:33, 16 October 2026
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	* With a standard mortar joint of 10 mm, a repeating unit of bricks laid in a stretcher bond will be 225 mm lengthwise and 75 mm in height.		* With a standard mortar joint of 10 mm, a repeating unit of bricks laid in a stretcher bond will be 225 mm lengthwise and 75 mm in height.
−	* If bricks are laid cross-wise, two 102.5 mm widths plus two mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie ~~120~~ mm.	+	* If bricks are laid cross-wise, two 102.5 mm widths plus two mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie 225 mm.
−	* If they are laid height wise, three 65 mm heights plus three mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie ~~120~~ mm.	+	* If they are laid height wise, three 65 mm heights plus three mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie 225 mm.

	= What are bricks made of? =		= What are bricks made of? =

−	Bricks are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete.	+	Bricks are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete. In the UK, clay bricks are specified to BS EN 771-1 and calcium silicate bricks to BS EN 771-2.

	Soft mud or dry-press bricks are formed by pressing the brick mixture into moulds and then firing them in a kiln. Soft-mud bricks are made from a thin mix whereas dry-press bricks are made from a thicker mix that gives crisper definition. Greater strength is achieved by using greater force when pressing the brick and by firing it for longer, but this increases the cost.		Soft mud or dry-press bricks are formed by pressing the brick mixture into moulds and then firing them in a kiln. Soft-mud bricks are made from a thin mix whereas dry-press bricks are made from a thicker mix that gives crisper definition. Greater strength is achieved by using greater force when pressing the brick and by firing it for longer, but this increases the cost.
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	Bricks are laid with a mortar joint bonding them together. The profile of the mortar joint (pointing) can be varied depending on exposure or to create a specific visual effect. The most common profiles are; flush (rag joint), bucket handle, weather struck, weather struck and cut, and recessed.		Bricks are laid with a mortar joint bonding them together. The profile of the mortar joint (pointing) can be varied depending on exposure or to create a specific visual effect. The most common profiles are; flush (rag joint), bucket handle, weather struck, weather struck and cut, and recessed.

−	The ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bonding]] pattern describes the alignment of the bricks. There are a large number of standard ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]] patterns, including:	+	The bonding pattern describes the alignment of the bricks. There are a large number of standard bond patterns, including:

−	* Stretcher ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. This is the most commonly used ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]] in the UK. Each stretcher (brick laid length-wise) is offset by half a brick relative to the course above and below.	+	* Stretcher bond. This is the most commonly used bond in the UK. Each stretcher (brick laid length-wise) is offset by half a brick relative to the course above and below.
−	* English ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Alternating courses of stretchers and ‘headers’ (bricks laid width-wise) are laid with the alternating courses aligned to one another.	+	* English bond. Alternating courses of stretchers and ‘headers’ (bricks laid width-wise) are laid with the alternating courses aligned to one another.
−	* American common ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Similar to the English ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]] but with one course of headers for every six stretcher courses.	+	* American common bond. Similar to the English bond but with one course of headers for every six stretcher courses.
−	* English cross ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Alternating courses of stretchers and headers, but with the alternating stretcher courses offset by half a brick.	+	* English cross bond. Alternating courses of stretchers and headers, but with the alternating stretcher courses offset by half a brick.
−	* Flemish ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Alternating stretchers and headers in each course.	+	* Flemish bond. Alternating stretchers and headers in each course.
−	* Header ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Courses of headers offset by half a brick.	+	* Header bond. Courses of headers offset by half a brick.
−	* Stack ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Bricks laid directly on top of one another with joints aligned. This is a fundamentally weak ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]] and is likely to require reinforcement.	+	* Stack bond. Bricks laid directly on top of one another with joints aligned. This is a fundamentally weak bond and is likely to require reinforcement.
−	* Garden wall ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Three courses of stretchers then one course of headers.	+	* Garden wall bond. Three courses of stretchers then one course of headers.
−	* Sussex ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|~~bond]]. Three stretchers and one header in each course.	+	* Sussex bond. Three stretchers and one header in each course.

	For more information, see Types of brick bonding.		For more information, see Types of brick bonding.
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	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

−	* Airbrick.
−	* Aircrete blocks.
−	* Basic brickwork replacement.
	* Blockwork.		* Blockwork.
	* Bricklayer.		* Bricklayer.
−	* Brick bats and closures.
−	* Brick burr.
	* Brick sizes.		* Brick sizes.
−	* Brick strip foundation.
	* Brick veneer.		* Brick veneer.
	* Cavity wall.		* Cavity wall.
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	* Damp-proof course.		* Damp-proof course.
	* Defects in brickwork.		* Defects in brickwork.
−	* Dismantling of bricks for reuse.
	* Efflorescence.		* Efflorescence.
	* Frog.		* Frog.
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	* Spalling.		* Spalling.
	* Specifying brick.		* Specifying brick.
−	* Swift brick.
−	* The influence of geology on English brickmaking,
	* Testing bricks.		* Testing bricks.
−	* Traditional Brickwork: construction, repair and maintenance.
−	* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.
	* Types of brick arches.		* Types of brick arches.
	* Types of brick bonding.		* Types of brick bonding.
	* Types of bricks.		* Types of bricks.
−	* Which way up should you lay a brick?
−	* Wall tie failure.

	= External references =		= External references =

Designing Buildings at 14:05, 29 September 2024

2024-09-29T14:05:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:05, 29 September 2024
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	* The influence of geology on English brickmaking,		* The influence of geology on English brickmaking,
	* Testing bricks.		* Testing bricks.
		+	* Traditional Brickwork: construction, repair and maintenance.
	* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.		* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.
	* Types of brick arches.		* Types of brick arches.

Designing Buildings at 07:04, 6 February 2024

2024-02-06T07:04:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:04, 6 February 2024
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	For more information, see Types of brick bonding.		For more information, see Types of brick bonding.
		+
		+	= Alternative definition - metadata =
		+
		+	[https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page/smart-building-overlay-to-riba-plan-of-work Smart Building Overlay to the RIBA Plan of Work], published by the RIBA in 2024, states: ‘Brick is an ontology-based metadata schema that captures the entities and relationships necessary for effective representations of buildings and their subsystems.’

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

Designing Buildings at 08:59, 30 September 2022

2022-09-30T08:59:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:59, 30 September 2022
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	[[File:Brick_wall.jpg\|link=File:Brick_wall.jpg]]		[[File:Brick_wall.jpg\|link=File:Brick_wall.jpg]]

−	= Introduction: =	+	= Introduction =

	Bricks are small rectangular blocks that can be used to form parts of buildings, typically walls. The use of bricks dates back to before 7,000 BC, when the earliest bricks were formed from hand-moulded mud and dried in the sun. During the Industrial Revolution, mass-produced bricks became a common alternative to stone, which could be more expensive, less predictable and more difficult to handle.		Bricks are small rectangular blocks that can be used to form parts of buildings, typically walls. The use of bricks dates back to before 7,000 BC, when the earliest bricks were formed from hand-moulded mud and dried in the sun. During the Industrial Revolution, mass-produced bricks became a common alternative to stone, which could be more expensive, less predictable and more difficult to handle.
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	For information on bricklaying, see How to lay bricks.		For information on bricklaying, see How to lay bricks.

−	= ~~Size~~ =	+	= What size are bricks? =

	In the UK, standard bricks are 215 mm long × 102.5 mm wide × 65 mm high.		In the UK, standard bricks are 215 mm long × 102.5 mm wide × 65 mm high.
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	* If they are laid height wise, three 65 mm heights plus three mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie 120 mm.		* If they are laid height wise, three 65 mm heights plus three mortar joints gives the same repeating unit as the length of one brick, ie 120 mm.

−	= ~~Manufacture~~ =	+	= What are bricks made of? =

	Bricks are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete.		Bricks are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete.
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	For information about how bricks are tested, see Testing bricks.		For information about how bricks are tested, see Testing bricks.

−	= ~~Special~~ bricks =	+	= What are the types of special bricks? =

	Other than the standard rectangular block, a number of special shapes exist for particular circumstances that may be encountered when building with bricks. These include:		Other than the standard rectangular block, a number of special shapes exist for particular circumstances that may be encountered when building with bricks. These include:
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	For more information, see Types of bricks.		For more information, see Types of bricks.

−	= ~~[[Types_of_brick_bonding\|Bonds]]~~ =	+	= What patterns are bricks laid in (bonds)? =

	Bricks can be laid as soldiers (standing upright), stretchers (laid lengthwise along the wall) or headers (laid width wise along the wall).		Bricks can be laid as soldiers (standing upright), stretchers (laid lengthwise along the wall) or headers (laid width wise along the wall).
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	* Frost attack.		* Frost attack.
	* How to lay bricks.		* How to lay bricks.
−	* Hungry joints.
	* Mortar.		* Mortar.
	* Pointing.		* Pointing.
−	* Practical Building Conservation: Earth, Brick and Terracotta.
−	* Rendering.
	* Spalling.		* Spalling.
	* Specifying brick.		* Specifying brick.

Editor at 20:05, 6 January 2022

2022-01-06T20:05:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:05, 6 January 2022
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	* Blockwork.		* Blockwork.
	* Bricklayer.		* Bricklayer.
		+	* Brick bats and closures.
	* Brick burr.		* Brick burr.
	* Brick sizes.		* Brick sizes.

Editor at 17:42, 21 December 2021

2021-12-21T17:42:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:42, 21 December 2021
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	* Testing bricks.		* Testing bricks.
	* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.		* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.
		+	* Types of brick arches.
	* Types of brick bonding.		* Types of brick bonding.
	* Types of bricks.		* Types of bricks.

Designing Buildings at 07:20, 18 November 2021

2021-11-18T07:20:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:20, 18 November 2021
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	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

−	* Adobe.
	* Airbrick.		* Airbrick.
	* Aircrete blocks.		* Aircrete blocks.
	* Basic brickwork replacement.		* Basic brickwork replacement.
	* Blockwork.		* Blockwork.
−	* Bond stone.
	* Bricklayer.		* Bricklayer.
	* Brick burr.		* Brick burr.
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	* Clay.		* Clay.
	* Damp-proof course.		* Damp-proof course.
−	* Defects in brickwork	+	* Defects in brickwork.
		+	* Dismantling of bricks for reuse.
	* Efflorescence.		* Efflorescence.
−	* Flint.
−	* Fly ash.
	* Frog.		* Frog.
	* Frost attack.		* Frost attack.
	* How to lay bricks.		* How to lay bricks.
	* Hungry joints.		* Hungry joints.
−	* John Cathles Hill.
	* Mortar.		* Mortar.
	* Pointing.		* Pointing.
	* Practical Building Conservation: Earth, Brick and Terracotta.		* Practical Building Conservation: Earth, Brick and Terracotta.
−	* Putlog holes.
−	* Quoin.
−	* Reaching new heights in the design of fire-safe tall buildings.
	* Rendering.		* Rendering.
	* Spalling.		* Spalling.
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	* Types of brick bonding.		* Types of brick bonding.
	* Types of bricks.		* Types of bricks.
−	* Unfired clay masonry: An introduction to low-impact building materials.
−	* Village homes in Western Uganda.
	* Which way up should you lay a brick?		* Which way up should you lay a brick?
	* Wall tie failure.		* Wall tie failure.

Designing Buildings at 08:05, 14 November 2021

2021-11-14T08:05:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:05, 14 November 2021
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	* Specifying brick.		* Specifying brick.
	* Swift brick.		* Swift brick.
		+	* The influence of geology on English brickmaking,
	* Testing bricks.		* Testing bricks.
	* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.		* Treating brickwork with sealant or water repellent.

Editor at 13:41, 26 October 2021

2021-10-26T13:41:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:41, 26 October 2021
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	For more information, see Types of brick bonding.		For more information, see Types of brick bonding.

−	= Related articles on Designing Buildings ~~Wiki~~ =	+	= Related articles on Designing Buildings =

	* Adobe.		* Adobe.
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	* Frost attack.		* Frost attack.
	* How to lay bricks.		* How to lay bricks.
		+	* Hungry joints.
	* John Cathles Hill.		* John Cathles Hill.
	* Mortar.		* Mortar.

Editor: Reverted edits by 103.251.59.182 (talk) to last revision by Editor

2021-06-30T09:32:48Z

Reverted edits by 103.251.59.182 (talk) to last revision by Editor

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:32, 30 June 2021
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	= Manufacture =		= Manufacture =

−	~~[https://www.civilexperiences.com/2021/06/step-by-step-process-of-manufacturing-bricks.html~~ Bricks] are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete.	+	Bricks are most typically made from clay, although they are also commonly made from calcium-silicate and concrete.

	Soft mud or dry-press bricks are formed by pressing the brick mixture into moulds and then firing them in a kiln. Soft-mud bricks are made from a thin mix whereas dry-press bricks are made from a thicker mix that gives crisper definition. Greater strength is achieved by using greater force when pressing the brick and by firing it for longer, but this increases the cost.		Soft mud or dry-press bricks are formed by pressing the brick mixture into moulds and then firing them in a kiln. Soft-mud bricks are made from a thin mix whereas dry-press bricks are made from a thicker mix that gives crisper definition. Greater strength is achieved by using greater force when pressing the brick and by firing it for longer, but this increases the cost.
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	* Sussex [[Types_of_brick_bonding\|bond]]. Three stretchers and one header in each course.		* Sussex [[Types_of_brick_bonding\|bond]]. Three stretchers and one header in each course.

−	For more information, see ~~[https://www.civilexperiences.com/2021/05/fly-ash-bricks-manufacturing-vs-red-clay-bricks.html~~ Types of brick] bonding.	+	For more information, see Types of brick bonding.

	= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =		= Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki =