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		<title>Designing Buildings at 10:16, 2 March 2023</title>
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				<updated>2023-03-02T10:16:05Z</updated>
		
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:16, 2 March 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe natural ventilation (NV) strategies for buildings that go beyond simple strategies for bringing fresh air into &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and extract stale air out of &lt;/del&gt;buildings&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;via single sided or cross ventilation through opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators. Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;or &lt;/del&gt;light wells &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and &lt;/del&gt;wind catchers, cowls &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;or &lt;/del&gt;scoops.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Introduction =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe natural ventilation (NV) strategies for buildings that go beyond simple strategies for bringing fresh air into buildings via single sided or cross ventilation&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;through opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators. Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;stack effect, buoyancy&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;light wells&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;wind catchers, cowls &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;scoops.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, winnow&lt;/del&gt;, fan, agitate or set in motion&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system where heated air was distributed through a building via pipes and tile vents. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On the side, in slang, ventilation had an adopted meaning of the shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, fan, agitate or set in motion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Complexity =&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;In early history the Roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system in which heated air was distributed through a building via pipes and tile vents.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Designing &lt;/del&gt;natural ventilation &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;can become extremely complex because &lt;/del&gt;of the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;interaction between cross &lt;/del&gt;ventilation and the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;stack effect as well as complex building geometries &lt;/del&gt;and the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;distribution &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;openings. This can require analysis using specialist software analysis &lt;/del&gt;systems &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;such as computational fluid dynamics&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England should be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for &lt;/ins&gt;natural ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nation's health problems.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air. A blowing wheel system was installed in the Houses of Parliament in London.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;In slang, &lt;/ins&gt;ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;had an adopted the meaning of shooting someone ie by making holes in them to ventilate them.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;In the 1840's the system in Parliament had been upgraded to a heating &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;cooling ventilation system. By &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;early 1900's simple air conditioning systems started appearing &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;increasingly awareness &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;energy conservation, alternative &lt;/ins&gt;systems &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;with advanced natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery have become more and more commonplace&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Complexity =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;These more complex &lt;/del&gt;natural ventilation &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;systems might be described as advanced natural ventilation (ANV), where strategies go beyond simply bringing fresh air into and extracting stale air out &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;buildings, via single sided or &lt;/del&gt;cross &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilated opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators. Advanced natural &lt;/del&gt;ventilation &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through &lt;/del&gt;stack effect&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation &lt;/del&gt;such as &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops, sometimes involving automation&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Designing &lt;/ins&gt;natural ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;can become extremely complex because &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the interaction between &lt;/ins&gt;cross ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and the &lt;/ins&gt;stack effect &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as well as complex building geometries and the distribution of openings. This can require analysis using specialist software systems &lt;/ins&gt;such as &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;computational fluid dynamics&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Automation =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Automation =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can sometimes be beneficial to automate natural ventilation systems, or to provide training for occupants and monitor behaviour to ensure systems continue to be operated as intended &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;because &lt;/del&gt;natural ventilation is also influenced by occupant behaviour. As an example a person near to a window may choose to close it because of close proximity &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;drafts&lt;/del&gt;, which might impact the level of carbon dioxide in the whole room by reducing the ventilation, which can in turn impact performance of others in the workplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can sometimes be beneficial to automate natural ventilation systems, or to provide training for occupants and monitor behaviour to ensure systems continue to be operated as intended &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;a &lt;/ins&gt;natural ventilation is also influenced by occupant behaviour. As an example a person near to a window may choose to close it because of close proximity &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to draughts&lt;/ins&gt;, which might impact the level of carbon dioxide in the whole room by reducing the ventilation, which can in turn impact performance of others in the workplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;However from the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;other &lt;/del&gt;perspective over automation of ventilation systems can leave occupants feeling disempowered, and unable to locally influence the conditions around them (for example by opening or closing a window &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;themself&lt;/del&gt;) &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as a result this &lt;/del&gt;can have &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the consequence that they are &lt;/del&gt;more likely to express dissatisfaction with the overall internal conditions and environment &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;they find themselves. In &lt;/del&gt;some cases even if the internal environment is in fact optimal when&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;measured empirically.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;However from the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;another &lt;/ins&gt;perspective over automation of ventilation systems can leave occupants feeling disempowered, and unable to locally influence the conditions around them (for example by opening or closing a window)&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. This &lt;/ins&gt;can have &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;make them &lt;/ins&gt;more likely to express dissatisfaction with the overall internal conditions and environment&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, in &lt;/ins&gt;some cases even if the internal environment is in fact optimal when measured empirically.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In modern buildings, which tend to be designed to be completely sealed from the outside unless windows or other ventilators are open, problems, such as condensation, can occur during the winter when openings are closed. As a result, ‘trickle ventilation’, or 'background' ventilation tends to be provided to ensure there is always an adequate level of ventilation. Trickle ventilators can be self-balancing, with the size of the open area depending on the air pressure difference across it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In modern buildings, which tend to be designed to be completely sealed from the outside unless windows or other ventilators are open, problems, such as condensation, can occur during the winter when openings are closed. As a result, ‘trickle ventilation’, or 'background' ventilation tends to be provided to ensure there is always an adequate level of ventilation. Trickle ventilators can be self-balancing, with the size of the open area depending on the air pressure difference across it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Combined =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Combined &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;systems &lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It is possible, although relatively complicated to include heat recovery in natural ventilation systems so that during cooler conditions, heat recovered from extract air is used to pre-heat fresh air entering the building. These systems are normally referred to as mechanical ventilation heat recovery or MVHR, and are &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;a &lt;/del&gt;integral part of design strategies such as &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the &lt;/del&gt;Passivhaus &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;standard&lt;/del&gt;, along with high levels of airtightness, insulation and high performing glazing. These elements combined can help to dramatically reduce the heat energy require in a space, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;they &lt;/del&gt;can also help reduce the surface temperature differential between for example glazed surfaces and solid surfaces which can help improve comfort near those surfaces such as for example a desk placed next to a window&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;during colder winter months.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It is possible, although relatively complicated&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;to include heat recovery in natural ventilation systems so that during cooler conditions, heat recovered from extract air is used to pre-heat fresh air entering the building. These systems are normally referred to as mechanical ventilation heat recovery or MVHR, and are &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;an &lt;/ins&gt;integral part of design strategies such as Passivhaus, along with high levels of airtightness, insulation and high performing glazing. These elements combined can help to dramatically reduce the heat energy require in a space, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and &lt;/ins&gt;can also help reduce the surface temperature differential between for example glazed surfaces and solid surfaces which can help improve comfort near those surfaces such as for example a desk placed next to a window during colder winter months.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 53:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 63:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Ventilation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Ventilation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Windcatcher.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Windcatcher.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Specification]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Operations]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Specification]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Operations]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Designing Buildings</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248644&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 09:44, 13 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248644&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2023-02-13T09:44:31Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:44, 13 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system where heated air was distributed through a building via pipes and tile vents. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On the side, in slang, ventilation had an adopted meaning of the shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system where heated air was distributed through a building via pipes and tile vents. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On the side, in slang, ventilation had an adopted meaning of the shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Articles_needing_more_work&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Complexity =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Designing natural ventilation can become extremely complex because of the interaction between cross ventilation and the stack effect as well as complex building geometries and the distribution of openings. This can require analysis using specialist software analysis systems such as computational fluid dynamics.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;These more complex natural ventilation systems might be described as advanced natural ventilation (ANV), where strategies go beyond simply bringing fresh air into and extracting stale air out of buildings, via single sided or cross ventilated opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators. Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops, sometimes involving automation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Automation =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;It can sometimes be beneficial to automate natural ventilation systems, or to provide training for occupants and monitor behaviour to ensure systems continue to be operated as intended because natural ventilation is also influenced by occupant behaviour. As an example a person near to a window may choose to close it because of close proximity drafts, which might impact the level of carbon dioxide in the whole room by reducing the ventilation, which can in turn impact performance of others in the workplace.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;However from the other perspective over automation of ventilation systems can leave occupants feeling disempowered, and unable to locally influence the conditions around them (for example by opening or closing a window themself) as a result this can have the consequence that they are more likely to express dissatisfaction with the overall internal conditions and environment they find themselves. In some cases even if the internal environment is in fact optimal when, measured empirically.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;In modern buildings, which tend to be designed to be completely sealed from the outside unless windows or other ventilators are open, problems, such as condensation, can occur during the winter when openings are closed. As a result, ‘trickle ventilation’, or 'background' ventilation tends to be provided to ensure there is always an adequate level of ventilation. Trickle ventilators can be self-balancing, with the size of the open area depending on the air pressure difference across it.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Combined =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;It is possible, although relatively complicated to include heat recovery in natural ventilation systems so that during cooler conditions, heat recovered from extract air is used to pre-heat fresh air entering the building. These systems are normally referred to as mechanical ventilation heat recovery or MVHR, and are a integral part of design strategies such as the Passivhaus standard, along with high levels of airtightness, insulation and high performing glazing. These elements combined can help to dramatically reduce the heat energy require in a space, they can also help reduce the surface temperature differential between for example glazed surfaces and solid surfaces which can help improve comfort near those surfaces such as for example a desk placed next to a window, during colder winter months.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= Related articles on Designing Buildings =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Airbrick.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* BREEAM Potential for natural ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Changes to Building Regulations Part F.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Chilled beam.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Complex system.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Condensation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Convection.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Cross ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Dew point.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Heat gain.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Humidity.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Interstitial condensation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Mechanical, electrical and plumbing MEP.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Mechanical ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Mixed-mode ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Night-time purging.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Passive building design.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Passive solar design.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Single-sided ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Solar chimney&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Stack effect&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Sustainability.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Thermal mass&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Trombe walls.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Types of ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* UV disinfection of building air to remove harmful bacteria and viruses.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Ventilation.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* Windcatcher.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;* &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;DCN_Commentary]] [[Category:DCN_Definition]] [[Category:DCN_Product_Knowledge]] [[Category:DCN_Research,_Development_and_Innovation]] [[Category:DCN_Specification]] [[Category:Research_/_Innovation]] [[Category:Standards_/_measurements]] [[Category:Sustainability]] [[Category:Design]] [[Category:Operations&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248641&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 09:39, 13 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248641&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2023-02-13T09:39:51Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
		&lt;tr valign='top'&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:39, 13 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On the side, in slang, ventilation had an adopted meaning of the shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;where heated air was distributed through a building via pipes and tile vents&lt;/ins&gt;. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On the side, in slang, ventilation had an adopted meaning of the shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248636&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 09:28, 13 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248636&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2023-02-13T09:28:00Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:28, 13 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= History =&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;whilst on &lt;/del&gt;the side, in slang, ventilation had &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the &lt;/del&gt;adopted meaning of &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/del&gt;shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. In early history the roman hypocaust system, was a heated underfloor ventilation system&lt;/ins&gt;. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilation as it was assumed poor indoor conditions were causing the nations health problems. By 1660 ventilation was being described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;and a blowing wheel system was actually installed in the Houses of Parliament in London. On &lt;/ins&gt;the side, in slang, ventilation had &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;an &lt;/ins&gt;adopted meaning of &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;shoot someone ie by making holes in them, to ventilate them&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. In the 1840's the Parliament system had been upgraded to a heating and cooling ventilation system, by the early 1900's simple air conditioning systems that started appearing would soon become very commonplace. Whilst from 2000 onwards, with the increasingly awareness of energy conservation, alternative systems with advance natural ventilation, mixed mode and heat recovery continue to become more and more commonplace&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248607&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 22:29, 12 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248607&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2023-02-12T22:29:43Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
			&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
		&lt;tr valign='top'&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:29, 12 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple strategies for bringing fresh air into and extract stale air out of buildings, via single sided or cross ventilation through opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;natural &lt;/ins&gt;ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(NV) &lt;/ins&gt;strategies for buildings that go beyond simple strategies for bringing fresh air into and extract stale air out of buildings, via single sided or cross ventilation through opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. &lt;/ins&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilatio &lt;/del&gt;as it was &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;assume &lt;/del&gt;poor indoor conditions were causing health problems. By 1660 ventilation &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as &lt;/del&gt;described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, whilst in slang, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;on the &lt;/del&gt;ventilation had the adopted meaning of &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;tp &lt;/del&gt;shoot someone ie by making &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;hole &lt;/del&gt;in them, ventilate them.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;= History =&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The origins the word ventilation lie in the Latin word ventilatio, or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning wind. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted as to brandish, toss in the air, winnow, fan, agitate or set in motion. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) and windows taller than their width to allow for natural &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilation &lt;/ins&gt;as it was &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;assumed &lt;/ins&gt;poor indoor conditions were causing &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the nations &lt;/ins&gt;health problems. By 1660 ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;was being &lt;/ins&gt;described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh, pure air. By the 1740's it was commonly referred to as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, whilst &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;on the side, &lt;/ins&gt;in slang, ventilation had the adopted meaning of &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/ins&gt;shoot someone ie by making &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;holes &lt;/ins&gt;in them, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/ins&gt;ventilate them.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248522&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor at 13:49, 11 February 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248522&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2023-02-11T13:49:46Z</updated>
		
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:49, 11 February 2023&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators that bring &lt;/del&gt;fresh air into &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;a building &lt;/del&gt;and extract stale air, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;through &lt;/del&gt;single sided &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilation &lt;/del&gt;or cross ventilation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;strategies for bringing &lt;/ins&gt;fresh air into and extract stale air &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;out of buildings&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;via &lt;/ins&gt;single sided or cross ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;through opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators Advanced natural ventilation (ANV) describes strategies that might include specific architectural features to promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy or wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chimneys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Buildings described as using advanced natural &lt;/del&gt;ventilation &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(ANV) might include specific architectural features that promote natural ventilation through stack effect&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;buoyancy and &lt;/del&gt;wind &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;driven ventilation such &lt;/del&gt;as &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;ventilation stacks&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;chinmeys&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;shafts or cowls&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;atria spaces &lt;/del&gt;or &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;light wells &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;wind catchers&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;cowls or scoops&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;It is a general term &lt;/del&gt;to &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;describe&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;The origins the word &lt;/ins&gt;ventilation &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;lie in the Latin word ventilatio&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;or ventulus meaning a breeze, from ventus meaning &lt;/ins&gt;wind&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. Ventilatus, was the past participle of ventilare which was interpreted &lt;/ins&gt;as &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to brandish&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;toss in the air&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;winnow&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;fan, agitate &lt;/ins&gt;or &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;set in motion. In the early 1630's, King Charles I decreed ceilings in England to be 10 feet (3 meters) &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;windows taller than their width to allow for natural ventilatio as it was assume poor indoor conditions were causing health problems. By 1660 ventilation as described as the process of replacing foul air in an enclosed place with fresh&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;pure air&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;By the 1740's it was commonly referred &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;as the act of supplying a room with fresh air, whilst in slang, on the ventilation had the adopted meaning of tp shoot someone ie by making hole in them, ventilate them.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[Category:Articles_needing_more_work]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/w/index.php?title=Advanced_natural_ventilation_ANV&amp;diff=248521&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Editor: Created page with &quot;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators that bring...&quot;</title>
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				<updated>2023-02-11T11:18:41Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators that bring...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced natural ventilation (ANV), is often used to describe ventilation strategies for buildings that go beyond simple opening lights, windows or trickle ventilators that bring fresh air into a building and extract stale air, through single sided ventilation or cross ventilation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Buildings described as using advanced natural ventilation (ANV) might include specific architectural features that promote natural ventilation through stack effect, buoyancy and wind driven ventilation such as ventilation stacks, chinmeys, shafts or cowls, atria spaces or light wells and wind catchers, cowls or scoops. It is a general term to describe&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Editor</name></author>	</entry>

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